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The article discusses the court case Range v. Attorney General in which the Third Circuit held that there were no historical analogues to stripping a nonviolent offender of his Second Amendment rights. It describes the case filed by Brian Range alleging that his Second Amendment rights were violated when he was banned from owning firearms after his conviction for making a false statement to obtain food stamp assistance. It examines the application of the history-and-tradition test in the case.

The article discusses the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit's ruling in the 2016 case United States v. Fokker Services B.V. which deals with American criminal law, the nation's separation of powers doctrine, and the determination that courts may not reject deferred prosecution agreements based on the inadequacy of charging decisions or agreement conditions. The collateral consequences of a corporate criminal conviction are examined, along with U.S. judicial review.