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Sustainable communities have been a substantial issue for urban studies worldwide. Population ageing is a major challenge for community development considering China's rapid urbanisation, which calls for the re-evaluation of the newly emerging trend of urban communities in China. This study aims to systematically investigate China's increasing focus on the older adult community through the practice of construction and governance, with an emphasis on how these new-type communities create a balanced multi-subject co-governance under the transformation of land use. Considering the Xiuye community in Songjiang District, Shanghai, as a case study, we innovatively introduce a general matrix of community spatiality to progressively propose the spatial production mechanism of community governance, thereby combining critical theory with human practice on the nature of space. The findings indicate that the triple concept of absolute, relative and relational spaces plays a vital role in understanding gated communities under uncertainties such as the recent pandemic. The historical residual problem of the nature of community industrial land is a key factor in producing multiple social contradictions; moreover, the agents of power and capital often exhibit evasive and immoral behaviour in major community affairs, and party member volunteers and authorised suppliers have made important contributions to the fight for residents' rights at all levels. The implications of this study are of great value for rethinking community space in the context of ageing, and governments and enterprises must undertake the required actions along with residents to reshape the current unstable multi-subject co-governance relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The university town is an important phenomenon in the course of urbanization in China. This article introduces and applies theory of production of space and socio-spatial dialectic to explain the processes and mechanisms of production of space in Xianlin university town in Nanjing City, China. As a typical case, Xianlin university town displays multi-scalar separations. The time-scale separation has four sides: the old and new campuses are completely different; teachers and students spend a significant amount of time commuting that they cannot communicate well; during summer and winter vacations, the university town becomes an “empty nest”; and life of low-income earners is fragmental. The four kinds of spatial scale splits are inside the campus, between universities and downtown, among universities, and between the city and its citizens. Resources and rights have an imbalanced distribution among the different classes, which leads to social space differentiation or alienation. The powers of discourses and land resource distribution are in the hands of the government. University managers are stimulated by the idea of a “larger and newer campus” and keep a watchful eye on competing for more land resources. Planners usually cater to such ideas. However, teachers, students, and low-income earners of the university town are neglected. Social process and the influences of land-use/cover change (LUCC) should be more frequently discussed in the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Rapid urbanization, especially in many developing countries, is accompanied by the decline of rural populations and rural culture. Tangwan village in Shanghai in China is a typical case. Based on the theory of production of space, this article presents spatial production of rural culture from three dimensions: ideological space, superficial space and everyday life space, and analyzes the reasons for the gradual decline of rural culture. The development of rural culture in China is seriously affected by the national and local policies. The formal power of a place which is mainly represented by the administrative level, dominates many cultural changes. With the decline of Tangwan's position to a village in an urbanized Shanghai, its local rural culture is declining. Under the pattern of production of space dominated by power and capital the village is challenged to maintain its rural culture and to develop a new culture. The traditional rural culture cannot be protected, however, the new rural culture has not matured. The lack of everyday life space for village residents to express and develop culture is partly to blame. The culture is the root of the rural development. The lost culture leads to the lost village. Adequate everyday life space is important for rural culture to flourish and though those spaces need careful planning to accommodate and grow local cultural needs. • The revival of rural culture is the key to China's rural revitalization. • Rapid urbanization is accompanied by the decline of rural culture. • Under the pattern of production of space dominated by power, the village often lacks inheritance of rural culture. • The lost culture leads to the lost village. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]