1. Açaí Berries Inhibit Colon Tumorigenesis in Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treated Mice
- Author
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Yoon Jeong Choi, Nayoung Kim, Yoon Jin Choi, Young-Joon Surh, Dong Ho Lee, Ryoung Hee Nam, Seonmin Lee, Hye Seung Lee, and Ha Na Lee
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Carcinogenesis ,Colon ,Euterpe ,Colorectal cancer ,Azoxymethane ,Down-Regulation ,medicine.disease_cause ,Colorectal neoplasms ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ,Animals ,Anticarcinogenic Agents ,Medicine ,Peroxidase ,Hepatology ,biology ,business.industry ,Dextran Sulfate ,Gastroenterology ,Interleukin ,medicine.disease ,Genes, bcl-2 ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Myeloperoxidase ,Carcinogens ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Cytokines ,Original Article ,Açaí berry ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Anti-inflammatory ,Powders ,business ,Acai Berries ,Proapoptotic ,Phytotherapy - Abstract
Background/Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of açaí against azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colorectal cancer development. Methods The effect of açaí on tumorigenesis was assessed by evaluating tumor incidence, multiplicity and invasiveness in the mouse colon. The levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6) were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein levels of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad) and cleaved-caspase-3 were assessed by immunoblotting. Results Administration of pellets containing 5% açaí powder reduced the incidences of both colonic adenoma and cancer (adenoma, 23.1% vs 76.9%, respectively, p=0.006; cancer, 15.4% vs 76.9%, respectively, p=0.002). In the açaí-treated mice, the MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the colon were significantly down-regulated. Açaí inhibited PCNA and Bcl-2 expression and increased Bad and cleaved-caspase-3 expression. In vitro studies demonstrated that açaí treatment reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2 in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions Açaí demonstrated protective effects against AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis, which suggests that the intake of açaí may be beneficial for the prevention of human colon cancer.
- Published
- 2017