1. Intestinal dysbiosis augments liver disease progression via NLRP3 in a murine model of primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Author
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J Reißing, Till Strowig, Maximilian Hatting, Philip Puchas, J Hennings, J Peng, Johannes Haybaeck, Francisco Javier Cubero, Huan Su, Christian Trautwein, Ina Bergheim, Christian Liedtke, M. Frissen, Anika Nier, Antje Mohs, Kai Markus Schneider, Henning W. Zimmermann, Annika Wahlström, Thomas Longerich, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Eric J. C. Gálvez, and Lijun Liao
- Subjects
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B ,medicine.drug_class ,Cholangitis, Sclerosing ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Primary sclerosing cholangitis ,Liver disease ,Mice ,Cholestasis ,NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Liver injury ,Mice, Knockout ,Caspase 8 ,Innate immune system ,Bile acid ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,Inflammasome ,medicine.disease ,Caspase Inhibitors ,Immunity, Innate ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Liver ,Immunology ,Disease Progression ,Dysbiosis ,Bile Ducts ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
ObjectiveThere is a striking association between human cholestatic liver disease (CLD) and inflammatory bowel disease. However, the functional implications for intestinal microbiota and inflammasome-mediated innate immune response in CLD remain elusive. Here we investigated the functional role of gut–liver crosstalk for CLD in the murine Mdr2 knockout(Mdr2−/−)model resembling human primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).DesignMaleMdr2−/−,Mdr2−/−crossed with hepatocyte-specific deletion of caspase-8 (Mdr2−/−/Casp8∆hepa) and wild-type (WT) control mice were housed for 8 or 52 weeks, respectively, to characterise the impact of Mdr2 deletion on liver and gut including bile acid and microbiota profiling. To block caspase activation, a pan-caspase inhibitor (IDN-7314) was administered. Finally, the functional role ofMdr2−/−-associated intestinal dysbiosis was studied by microbiota transfer experiments.ResultsMdr2−/−mice displayed an unfavourable intestinal microbiota signature and pronounced NLRP3 inflammasome activation within the gut–liver axis. Intestinal dysbiosis inMdr2−/−mice prompted intestinal barrier dysfunction and increased bacterial translocation amplifying the hepatic NLRP3-mediated innate immune response. Transfer ofMdr2−/−microbiota into healthy WT control mice induced significant liver injury in recipient mice, highlighting the causal role of intestinal dysbiosis for disease progression. Strikingly, IDN-7314 dampened inflammasome activation, ameliorated liver injury, reversed serum bile acid profile and cholestasis-associated microbiota signature.ConclusionsMDR2-associated cholestasis triggers intestinal dysbiosis. In turn, translocation of endotoxin into the portal vein and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation contribute to higher liver injury. This process does not essentially depend on caspase-8 in hepatocytes, but can be blocked by IDN-7314.
- Published
- 2018