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Many studies in economics and regional science claim a positive link between interpersonal trust and innovation by demonstrating a positive effect of trust on patenting. This contrasts many findings from organization level studies on trust and innovation, who report a variety of findings including inverted‐U type relations. A possible explanation is that trust exhibits different roles in invention and innovation, as the former relies on knowledge commons while the latter directly embeds commercialization and the market context. This study attempts to reconcile the two set of findings by studying indicators of invention and innovation in relation to trust at the same unit of observation, by using the regional variation in Europe. I study the relationship between interpersonal trust and patent applications (a measure of invention), trademark applications (a composite indicator) and the share of innovative sales in turnover by SMEs (a direct indicator of commercialization), across European regions. I show that trust positively affects trademark applications with an effect that is comparable to that on patent applications. However, trust exhibits an inverted‐U type relationship with innovative sales. Results collectively point to a strong role of trust in all three creative activities, including a negative effect at the higher end when the indicator is directly contingent on commercialization and sales. I also estimate the extent of spatial spillovers in the effect of trust on all three creative outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Empirical Regional Economics: Economic Base Theory, Models and Applications" is an accessible textbook by Richard Conway that provides an introduction to regional economics for undergraduate and graduate students. The textbook is divided into three parts: theory, application of models, and case studies. It focuses on the Puget Sound region of Washington State, but the lessons learned can be applied to other regions. The book offers a comprehensive overview of regional economic growth, models, and case studies, although it lacks engagement with contemporary issues such as climate change. Overall, it is a valuable resource for educators and researchers in the field of regional science. [Extracted from the article]

This paper provides new evidence on barriers that hamper small and medium‐sized enterprises (SME) in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) to establish international collaboration. Our analysis makes use of collected data concerning internationalization of SMEs in seven BSR countries. Our logistic multivariate regression model, which we applied after selecting relevant variables using the LASSO method, indicates a significant positive effect for the entities´ demand in support to acquire clients as well as the absence of foreign markets operations. A significant adverse effect is found for cooperation agreements as a support tool for internationalization as well as the interest to participate in an innovation and internationalization system. SMEs rather desire their internationalization capacity building than direct support in acquiring clients. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that strengthening cross‐national collaborations and establishing appropriate support programs are important toward innovativeness and competitiveness among SMEs in the BSR. Smart Specialization Strategies (S3) could provide a framework for building cross‐national collaborations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Government support plays a crucial role in enhancing regional innovation capabilities and creating distinctive innovation clusters. Using the innovation competitiveness indicators of the 31 provinces in China, this paper examines the provincial government collaboration and innovation competitiveness values through Super‐SBM data envelopment analysis and analytic hierarchy process. Then, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to relate government collaboration to innovation competition and cooperation among provinces in hope of exploring the developmental trends of innovation cluster optimization. Research findings show that only 25.8% of the provincial government support proves effective for regional innovation, and the competitiveness values of the provinces are generally low and need to be improved. By incorporating the role of government support into the innovation competition and cooperation among provinces, there has been a tendency of innovation activities clustering in innovative regions and three major clusters have formed. The trend of clustering will continue to evolve outwards so that the overall innovation level of China would be enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desmet, Gumpert, and Ortίn have analyzed regional development using the Ricardian model or the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem. However, aspects such as consideration of combined wages, substitution elasticities, marginal costs, fixed costs, and number of companies were completely ignored. This study investigates the underdevelopment of regions in light of Krugman's core–peripheral model. The extension of the model is intended to analyze the aspects that have so far been ignored and their influence on the benefits of the two regions. The following aspects characterize the model. Two regions with two sectors are considered for the model. The regions are characterized by different technological equipment. The first region is industrial. The second region has an agricultural character. When a new technology is available, both regions can benefit under certain conditions. The financial transfers lead to a convergence of wages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional economic adaptability is a classical topic in economic geography. Studying the fall and necessary restructuring and adaptability of regional economies has a long tradition in Europe, whereas the non-Western world is a blind spot particularly concerning the use of newer evolutionary theoretical concepts in analysing and explaining regional economic adaptability. The aim of this special issue is therefore to put an evolutionary perspective on industrial dynamics and regional economic adaptability in non-Western countries, and by doing that to contribute to theorising back from non-Western countries to mainly Western concepts on regional economic adaptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been increasing concern about the roles of industrial variety, particularly related and unrelated variety, in adaptive response of regional economies to recessionary shock. Using South Korean regional manufacturing data around the 1997 Asian financial crisis, this paper investigates how differently related and unrelated variety affect intrasectoral and intersectoral structural change in regional economy. The empirical findings reveal that regions with higher related variety adapt to recessionary shock mainly through intrasectoral structural change, but that related variety diminishes the opportunity for regional economies to pursue intersectoral reorganization. However, unrelated variety makes up for this negative effect as it increases intersectoral structural change. This study sheds light on the complementary roles of related and unrelated variety in regional adaptability and path creation or diversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the role of universities in the economic development of American metropolitan regions during the Great Recession (2007-2009) and the growth period prior to it (2001-2007). It develops a supply-side conceptual framework on the role of universities in technology-led regional economic development. Specifically, this framework highlights three 'university products' that can be explicitly defined and measured: educational services, business services, and new knowledge or technology. The empirical test of this conceptual framework finds that the presence of universities is positively associated with regional economic performance during the Great Recession, mainly via the educational services product. Findings indicate that regions with a higher level of university science, technology, engineering, and mathematics graduates are more resilient to the economic recession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport infrastructure is conceived as an important determinant of regional economic development. While this prediction especially holds from a theoretical perspective on the premises of endogenous growth theories, from an empirical perspective it is not that easy to verify this causal link, though. Measuring whether transport infrastructure indeed fosters regional development or if it is merely an endogenous reflection of the higher transportation demand in prospering regions is a challenging task. This paper analyzes the long-run effects of port facilities on regional income levels in Germany. Since it is very likely that results from standard least square estimations suffer from endogeneity problems, we base the identification on exogenous long-run instruments. In particular, port facilities built before the industrial revolution provide an adequate instrument for current port infrastructure since they are exogenous to recent economic development but the natural requirements of a port site form an experimental character of their locations. Results from German district-level data for 1991-2008 hint at a positive correlation between port locations and gross domestic product per capita, but do not provide evidence for a causal relationship regarding the instrumental variable approach. Further robustness checks with population distribution as outcome hint at positive long-run persistence effects of port infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional development theories have experienced a transition from Keynesian state-led economic development models to development based on public-private partnerships, innovation, industrial districts, etc. With the increasing concern for innovative milieu, products, process, organizational, and institutional innovations have assumed an important place in regional development policies. All these regional development paradigms have formed the basis of the initiation of a new process in regional development called the new regionalism, which includes cumulative efforts to revitalize local economic growth. In this paper, we identify technological levels of 26 NUTS 2-level regions according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD)'s classification. Then, we develop an innovation and competitiveness index for Turkey by employing principal component analysis. In conclusion, we formulate some workable policy solutions and suggestions for regional economies in Turkey. According to the results, Istanbul is the most innovative and competitive region in Turkey. Ankara is becoming a regional knowledge cluster, thanks to its strong R& D infrastructure and highly qualified researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate how Taiwanese high-tech firms' foreign direct investment (FDI) leads to agglomeration and competition among cities in China. By using social network analysis to analyze 1,111 subsidiaries affiliated with 270 multinational corporations (MNCs) during the years between 1988 and 2006 in 30 major Chinese cities, this study finds that: 1) agglomeration in Chinese cities falls into three primary categories: the hub cluster, the communication-extended cluster, and the computer-extended cluster. Among the aforementioned clusters, the hub cluster is the most critical in terms of firm location, and therefore is often a high-priority investment site for Taiwanese high-tech firms. 2) Chinese cities fall into four primary groups, or 'blocks': the core block, the coast block, the inland block, and the periphery block; these groups were determined by applying a structural equivalence analysis of which members of each type are in competition with one another. By linking the findings of the urban network characteristics to Chinese regional economic policies, this study provides guidance to aid executives in determining the optimal location for future FDI. Implications and suggestions for host country governments in terms of firms' investment strategies are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to present a new way to incorporate the sectoral dimension within the components of regional growth provided by the traditional shift–share analysis. The new methodology elaborates the way that the dynamics of a specific sector in a region are influenced by the performance of other sectors, the latter decomposed between national, structural, and differential effects. To illustrate this extension of the shift–share method, an application is provided using data for the Spanish region of Extremadura for the period 1990–2004. The results highlight how these new components can shed new insights into the analysis of sectoral and regional economic growth processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much theoretical writing on regional clusters is based on a functionalist and normative view of trust-based social exchange underlying innovativeness and competitiveness. Empirical research, however, reports many cases of clusters that are best characterized as loosely connected agglomerations of firms, driven by intense distrust and rivalry, rather than trust and cooperation, and with outcomes that may or may not be advantageous. The aim of this paper is to offer a microlevel Darwinian explanation for the persistence of distrust in clusters. From the “meme's eye view,” a cluster may be understood as a cultural phenomenon that is created and reproduced by human agents as they selectively perceive and enact the ideas that draw their attention. The outcome is not necessarily a distribution of ideas that benefits the individual members of the cluster or enhances the performance of the cluster as a whole. This paper outlines the general evolutionary principles involved in this process and applies them in a discussion of some of the conditions under which ideas related to distrust may be selected and reproduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional analysts often identify industry clusters according to a single dimension of industrial interdependence, typically by trading patterns as revealed in national or regionalized input–output data. This is despite the fact that the theory underpinning regional industry cluster applications draws heavily on Marshall's theory of external economies, including the important role of labor pooling economies and knowledge spillovers in addition to spatially co-located suppliers. This article investigates whether industry clusters identified based on trading relationships (value chain clusters) are meaningfully different in industrial composition and geography than those derived from an analysis of occupational employment requirements (labor-based clusters). The results suggest that value chain linkages are a weak proxy for shared labor requirements, and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the final demand-oriented export base paradigm dominates economic development theory and practice, its usefulness is increasingly questioned because of the changing structure of modern economies, empirical critiques of export-led growth strategies, and studies that decompose the actual sources of growth. The importance of service industries, especially local services and their role in inducing economic growth, requires a measure that includes both forward and backward linkages to empirically account for the complete role of an industry. Using data for New York State, we demonstrate how the input-output-based method of hypothetical extraction can more appropriately measure the economic linkage of a broader range of contemporary economic sectors (including services) than traditional, final demand-induced, backward-linkage multipliers. Our analysis provides empirical support for greater economic development attention to be directed toward local services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attempts to differentiate regions from one another, whether in social, demographic, or economic terms, have led to the development of numerous indices to summarize the economic composition of regions. This study revisits classic indices of industrial diversity to evaluate their applicability for benchmarking local and regional economies. Specifically, we explore a multivariate extension of these diversity indices for measuring concentration in an effort to evaluate their ability to accurately depict spatial relationships of county level resources for the contiguous U.S. The relative abilities of the classic indices are compared to a developed measure of resource concentration, the County Similarity Index (CS-Index), which represents a computationally simple and flexible alternative to these indices. Results suggest the CS-Index produces superior results to the indices evaluated, particularly with regard to the spatial relationships of county resource concentrations, which are quantified using global and local indicators of spatial association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nuevo Laredo maquiladora sector has grown enormously during the last two decades. The short-term time series characteristics of this portion of the regional economy are analyzed in an attempt to quantify the trends underlying this remarkable performance. Parameter estimation is accomplished via linear transfer function (LTF) analysis. Data are drawn from the January 1990–December 2000 sample period. Empirical results indicate that real wage rates, maquiladora plants, U.S. industrial activity, and the real exchange rate of the peso play significant roles in determining month-to-month fluctuations in maquiladora employment. Furthermore, sub-sample forecast simulation exercises are conducted as an additional means for verifying model reliability. Empirical results indicate that the forecasts generated with the LTF model are less accurate than those associated with a simple random walk procedure for twelve separate step-length periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article integrates firm birth and death data into a shift-share analysis framework. The proposed methodology can be used when data availability does not allow for the direct association of employment changes to business demographics at the regional level. It may be also used as an exploratory step before any explanatory econometric work is undertaken as a means of identifying classes of potential control variables. Applying the method to Greek data suggests that firm-size heterogeneity should not be ignored, that local conditions matter more than regional economic structure, and that the latter are asymmetrical across sectors when it comes to the effects of business demographics on regional employment or output growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Capital Asset Pricing Model is used to examine the relationship between covariance risk in employment and growth in employment for Canadian census metropolitan areas. A new version of location quotient (LQ) is presented that is based on covariance risk. This risk quotient is shown to be a better predictor of employment growth than the simple LQ. The portfolio theoretic model and covariance risk are shown to be useful in predicting growth in addition to studying the regional stability of employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a formal model for the relationship between innovation and growth in European Union regions is developed drawing upon the theoretical contribution of the systems of innovation approach. The model combines the analytical approach of the regional growth models with the insights of the systemic approach. The cross-sectional analysis, covering all the Enlarged Europe (EU-25) regions (for which data are available), shows that regional innovative activities (for which a specific measure is developed) play a significant role in determining differential regional growth patterns. Furthermore, the model sheds light on how geographical accessibility and human capital accumulation, by shaping the regional system of innovation, interact (in a statistically significant way) with local innovative activities, thus allowing them to be more (or less) effectively translated into economic growth. The paper shows that an increase in innovative effort is not necessarily likely to produce the same effect in all EU-25 regions. Indeed, the empirical analysis suggests that in order to allow innovative efforts in peripheral regions to be as productive as in core areas, they need to be complemented by huge investments in human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysts and policy makers frequently measure industrial localization and regional specialization. However, they rarely examine the nation's full array of industries or regions. So local indices, appropriate for specific industries or selected regions, are typically estimated. But in some instances global indices would be preferable in order to assess the wider features of the entire space-economy. This article constructs global indices from the local indices already used in assessing localization and specialization. Global localization and global specialization are shown to be identical when all local indices use the dissimilarity logic. Two-digit standard industry codes manufacturing data, taken from the U.S. during 1958–1995, are used to illustrate the results. The values of these global coefficients, like their local constituents, are shown to vary with geographic scale. The discussion addresses spatial distributions (evenness) but not geographic arrangements (clustering). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These notes discuss and illustrate two new extensions of shift-share analysis: the productivity and output model and the international trade model. We also review a general limitation of these and other shift-share-type models with respect to the interaction between reference area and the region. A possible solution to this limitation is presented. The new extensions provide better insights about the regional economy but that benefit occurs at a cost. The cost is careful consideration and compensation where relatively large regions or sectors are central to the shift-share assessment. The extensions are important in addressing earlier problems with the shift-share approach. Our solution to shift-share limitation on reference area interaction is vital if the method is to be extended to these multiple environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional economies are continually undergoing adjustment as their firm populations react to changing tastes, technologies, and the challenges of outside competition. Adjustment typically takes place as the stock of jobs is renewed in each industry. This micro-dynamic process of renewal has a substantial impact on the structure of national and regional economies. The primary objective of this paper is to measure the degree of renewal within the Canadian manufacturing economy as whole and within individual provinces. Using a longitudinal micro-data set—which covers the population of manufacturing plants in Canada from 1973 to 1996—the study shows that the manufacturing sector experienced considerable job renewal. Two-thirds of jobs in 1996 were newly created since 1973. There was considerable variation in provincial renewal rates. A decomposition analysis suggests this variation is not purely an artifact of the types of industries found in provinces, but reflects other characteristics of provincial economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clusters now form a central element in many regional economic development policies. Location within a cluster of related industries is thought to increase a firm's competitive advantage resulting in higher output and productivity growth rates than in similar firms located beyond the cluster. This study focuses on owner-managers operating small firms within a traditional cluster of metalworking industries and empirically examines the relationship between growth-orientation and the extent and nature of cluster embeddedness. The results indicate only a limited number of differences in growth-orientation given variations in levels of cluster embeddedness. Contrary to conventional wisdom, many of the most growth-oriented entrepreneurs focus their activitiesoutsidethe cluster, especially in terms of market-based linkages. However, those firms with more advanced process technologies do tend to show above average within cluster linkages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is twofold. The first goal is to incorporate spatial structure within shift-share analysis, to take into account interregional interaction in the decomposition analysis. Secondly, this paper develops a taxonomy of regional growth rate decompositions. A taxonomy of the spatial structure is presented; it comprises twenty alternative decomposition structures, including the original standard shift-share analysis as well as six alternative structures outlined in the taxonomy for non-spatial structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the international business literature location behavior has traditionally been analyzed using) OLI framework, which focuses on the nature, role, and behavior of multinational enterprise (MNE). In this paper it is argued that this approach is now no longer appropriate for discussing the spatial behavior of MNEs, because of the fundamental changes which have taken place either in MNE organization or in the global and institutional environment for foreign direct investment (FDI). At the same time, the paper argues that current location theory from regional economics and economic geography is also largely unsuitable for discussing these issues, such that the spatial behavior of the MNE provides a set of difficult challenges to location analysts. There appears to have been some response to these issues from the international business and management literature, most notably the Porter literature on clusters. However, it is also argued here that this literature provides few, if any, real answers to the problems set by the geographical behavior of the MNE. It is concluded that a fusion of traditional economic geography approaches with a focus on the information and organizational aspects of the firm and the region under consideration may be a way forward for both theory and empirical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to point out some shortcomings of traditional approaches to the study of ‘knowledge spillovers’ and to suggest an alternative based on how knowledge is actually created and exchanged by individuals. Which regional setting is the best incubator of technological change and economic growth? Is this promoted by regional diversity or specialization of economic activity? This study will include economic analyses of geographically localized ‘dynamic knowledge externalities, Jacob's externalities, or adding new work to old, industrial classification and technology combination, human creativity, and technology combination through human action and imaginative use of resources. Employees add to, or switch their product line; individuals move from one type of production to another; individuals observe a product/process in another setting and incorporate it; individuals possessing different skills and working for different firms collaborate; and urban diversity and resource collaboration are utilized. It is concluded that problems are solved through the combination of previously unrelated things and that promoting regional specialization at the expense of spontaneously evolved local diversity might be a counter-productive policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT State socialist nationalization policies in the 1980s severely impacted the ethnic Turkish and Muslim regions of Bulgaria, while neo-liberal economic strategies have subsequently further deepened their economic crisis. This paper focuses on the ways in which policies of regional economic marginalization, cultural assimilation, and population expulsion have deeply marked the people and places of the Kurdajli region of southeastern Bulgaria. The paper shows how mass unemployment arose quickly after 1989 as a result of the closure of branch-plants, and assesses the role of social networks and non-capitalist economic practices in the Muslim communities during this period of economic immiseration. The paper shows how these legacies of state policy and social practice have provided flexible opportunities for the resurgence of apparel assembly for export, referred to locally as 'Klondike capitalism'. The paper concludes with a discussion of the extent to which the history of violence has influenced the processes of internationalization in the region, and how we are to think about the relationship between regional mass unemployment and sectorally specific industrial revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationships between ethnicity and regional economic transformation in Slovakia. It takes as its focus the position of the Hungarian minority in Slovakia in the uneven process of regional change. The paper places these issues within the context of struggles over ethnicity and 'nation' in post-independence Slovakia. The paper argues that ethnicity has been a thoroughly contested issue since the collapse of 'communism' in Slovakia and a variety of struggles have been waged over enhancing the rights and position of the Hungarian minority population. The concentration of the Hungarian minority in the southern Slovak border regions with Hungary is examined within the context of the uneven economic impacts of the 'transition to capitalism'. It is argued that, while the economic decline seen in many of these 'Hungarian' regions has impacted negatively on the local populations, the roots of these changes lie within the ways in which such regions were integrated into the state socialist regional division of labor. In particular, the role of peripheral industrialization in such regions prior to 1989, in attempting to reduce economic differences among various ethnic groups, resulted in the establishment of branch plant economies which have had difficulty in surviving since 1989. It is therefore the interweaving of the economics of regional decline and the politics of ethnicity that help us to understand the complex place of the Hungarian minority in Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argues that the Bill Clinton-Al Gore policy should reinforce the regional level of organization of technology policy formulation and implementation. Competitiveness policy; Reagan boom; Contrasting logics of policy; Technology policies for competitiveness; Governance of technology-based competitiveness policies.

Attempts to develop meaningful definitions and measures of economic diversity and diversification. Functional relationships between diversity, diversification and economic performance; Input-output model; Portfolio theory.

Presents a table disaggregation adjustment (TDA) method for analyzing input-output tables in regional economic models. Compilation of updates for intervening years; Base data generated through the TDA method which outperforms the aggregated annual update data; Implications of the TDA approach on regional economic mathematical analysis.

Reports on the application of fuzzy-set clustering for regional economic analysis of Nevada communities. How quantitative and qualitative procedures used to aggregate communities and counties often ignore the diversity that may exist in those communities; Choice of variables in fuzzy-set clustering; Comparison of the results of hard and fuzzy-set clustering procedures used to aggregate the Nevada communities; Suggestion of specific economic development programs for aggregate and individual counties based on the fuzzy-set clustering analysis results.

Examines the usefulness of homothetic reformulations of the shift-share accounting model to the practitioner of regional growth studies. Background on the study; Conventional framework; Homotheticity and individual industry growth; Arcelus Model; Homotheticity and total regional growth.

Reviews the empirical studies of producer services' provision across sub-national regions in the United States to determine the role played by these services in regional economies. Definition of producer services; Problems in measuring regional exports of producer services; Characteristics of interregional service exports; Import substitution; Import development.

Studies the application of shift-share analysis in subregional economies. Methodology for selecting and including primary and secondary-base economies in the shift-share model; Allocation of credit for subregional economic growth.

Provides a perspective on the effects of external economic ownership by conjoining an interindustry accounting framework with Dun and Bradstreet corporate ownership data. Application of the aggregate level measurement method to multicounty regions in Illinois; Relationship between measures of input-output dependence and indices of regional employment growth and stability.

Reviews an interactive, policy-oriented simulation model and introduces the addition of a water module which enables policymakers to estimate and analyze socioeconomic effects on a regional economy, which are attributable to regional water supply constraints and water allocation decisions. Linear-programming-based approach; Empirical demonstration of the procedure based on the Minnesota state economy.

Studies the relationship between the rate of growth of a larger region and the rate of growth of its constituent subregions. Regional additivity of the Esteban-Marquillas competitive components; Previous evaluations of additivity; Limitations of the Esteban-Marquillas shift-share extension.

Analyzes a model incorporating the frameworks of regional development and optimum use of nonrenewable resources to characterize the optimal time paths of the source-related investment, resource use and infrastructure investment. Effects of combining the optimization of resource exploitation with optimization of population growth and infrastructure investment; Shortcomings of existing regulatory schemes.

Examines the impact of the foreign export orientation on the economic disparities of various states in the United States in the 1970s. Degree to which states have moved toward export to foreign countries; Increase in the internationalization of the perceived challenges of exports.

Examines the role of import substitution in frontier economic development, particularly in the Alaska economy. Pattern of income substitution during the 1970s; Limits to import substitution on the frontier; Implications for regional policy.

Introduces the regional growth effect into traditional shift-share analysis, which has been used in regional economics as a tool to study the components of regional growth. Measurement of the effect of the growth of a given region on the industries in its midst; Implications of the relationship of the revised model with the location quotient and economic base models.

Explores the implications of introducing acceleration as a factor in regional economic stabilization theory. Implications of the acceleration principle as a source of instability in regional economies; Theory of regional stabilization; Development of a dynamic model of regional income determination; Implications of a regional stabilization scheme in reducing the amplitude of the regional business cycle.

Describes methods for analyzing incidental multiregional economic impacts of United States energy policies. Effects of energy policies on macroeconomic variables such as output, income and employment in the energy-producing and non-energy-producing areas of the country; Alternatives to importing oil for U.S. energy needs.

Describes methods for calculating regional industry impact multipliers. Computations required to derive gross output multipliers using non-survey techniques; Procedures for calculating impact multipliers; Adjustments of input-output coefficients to obtain direct multiplier components.

Studies the role of rising energy prices in regional economic development in the United States. Correlation between per capita income and energy employment; Impact of energy prices on the location of industry; Policy responses to rising energy prices.

Argues that the two of the methods for estimating regional sector multipliers in computing for economic growth can be combined in such a way that the savings in data collection costs of each may be obtained with little loss of accuracy in the estimation of the multipliers in the various sectors. Technique for area planning (TAP); Construction of transactions table via the approach.

Presents a regional growth model which can be used to assess the long-run impacts of changes in the rate of investment on the regional economy. Model's inclusion of a demographic sector; Emphasis on interregional migration in the adjustment process; Proposition that the rate of economic growth is largely determined by the conditions on the supply side.

Focuses on tourism as an instrument of regional economic growth in Europe. Overview on regional tourism development for the period 1961 to 1974; Enactment of various government decrees intended to facilitate economic development through the promotion of the tourism industry; Identification of ways in which tourism can contribute to the process of economic growth.