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Against the backdrop of the current political developments in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, such as Ukraine, Poland, and Romania, the question arises as to the role played by economic transformation and the resulting innovation linkages in these countries over the last 20 years. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of economic and institutional dimensions on the development of CEE countries, explicitly distinguishing between European Union (EU) members and non‐members, and thus reflecting the differences in institutions and path dependency. Furthermore, the paper contrasts the performance of CEE countries with that of Western European countries. To achieve these objectives, the impact of factors such as innovation, institutions, and political practices on the economic development of 37 European countries from 2000 until 2020 is followed using fixed effects regression and Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The results of the analysis show the importance of institutional factors such as low levels of corruption, political freedoms, and intellectual property. The effect of institutional variables was particularly pronounced in the case of non‐EU countries, which indicates the particular importance of the development of stable institutions for achieving higher levels of economic development for this category of countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the implementation of grand spatial planning narratives such as the compact city and polycentricity in planning practice. The effects of overlapping scales on the application of spatial imaginaries in metropolitan space are examined. Using post‐socialist space, the research enriches the geographical context of metropolitan studies. On the basis of a spatial analysis of metropolitan form and centrality and a textual analysis of the relevant spatial plans of three Czech metropolitan areas, the key features in efforts of planning polycentric and compact metropolitan areas are identified as "Administrative blindness", "(De)centralization ambiguity", and "Reactive passivity". By identifying the limits of translating spatial visions into the practical language of statutory regional and land‐use plans, the paper contributes to the debate on the effectiveness of metropolitan planning based on the specific context of Central Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the roles of different types of technological proximity on the interregional spillovers of innovation growth. Using a panel dataset containing Chinese province patents and R&D inputs from 2002 to 2019, this paper estimates a knowledge production function with the spatial weight matrices constructed based on the linkage‐based and structure‐based technological proximity. We find that the two types of technological proximity are significantly different and their contributions to interregional innovation spillovers differ. The structure‐based proximity shows a lower influence on spillovers and its effect in the process of interregional innovation spillovers is affected by the regional development level. This paper originates to clarify two conceptualizations of technological proximity, compare their influences on innovation spillovers, and explore their regional differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green innovation (GI) can enable win‒win style economic and ecological benefits. Using China's pilot scheme for the construction of the intellectual property protection (IPP) system as an example, this paper empirically tests the impact of IPP system reform on the GI level and its spatial spillover effect. The results show that IPP system reform has significantly promoted urban GI, indicating that a progressive reform model characterized by experimentalist governance is applicable to innovation policy practices in developing countries. The dynamic effect analysis shows that IPP system reform can be applied to continuously promote urban GI. The mechanism analysis shows that such use of IPP system reform can improve the level of urban GI by promoting investment and talent agglomeration, confirming the viewpoint of the institutionalist school. The heterogeneity analysis shows that IPP system reform plays a stronger role in promoting GI in peripheral cities than in central cities, in cities with lower rather than higher scientific and educational levels and in cities with weaker rather than stronger GI capacity. Consistent with the theory of institutional diffusion, IPP system reform has a significant spatial spillover effect, promoting GI activities in surrounding cities while working to improve the local GI level. This paper affirms the effectiveness of the pilot regional innovation policy with Chinese characteristics, with important theoretical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into the spillover effects of fiscal decentralization on access to essential social services within communes in Burkina Faso. It employs a Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model that comprehensively incorporates temporal dynamics, spatial interdependence concerning the dependent variable, and spatial interdependence concerning exogenous variables. The analysis covers 280 municipalities, which represents 80% of the municipalities in Burkina Faso, over the period 2011–2020. The findings substantiate the presence of spillover effects stemming from fiscal decentralization on the availability of fundamental social services. However, the nature of these spatial effects hinges on the particular type of fiscal resources and local public goods under consideration. Notably, both capital expenditures and decentralized cooperation resources yield short‐term and long‐term direct as well as indirect enhancements to the quality of education and accessibility to potable water. On the other hand, self‐generated revenue and operational grants augment water accessibility but bear no impact on educational quality. The outcomes put forth imply that municipal councils should concurrently bolster resource mobilization by fortifying decentralized cooperation and widening the tax base. Simultaneously, the introduction of flexible tax payment mechanisms is advisable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the opening decades of the twenty‐first century certain cities around the world emerged as hubs of entrepreneurial innovation. This paper explores this urban economic change phenomenon through in‐depth and comparative qualitative analysis. It focuses on the recent contemporary history of New York, Los Angeles, London, Berlin, Tokyo and Shanghai prior to the global COVID pandemic. Based on an analysis of the drivers, mechanisms and processes of change, it is found that these cities acted as places of possibility for many individuals who previously may have been unlikely to engage in entrepreneurship. The cities were found to have established new development paths through entrepreneurial innovation stemming from co‐creation network dynamics, with key human agents playing pivotal roles. Common elements include the rise of venture capital, the growth of entrepreneurial cultures, and institutional policy changes. Notably, entrepreneurial innovation was found to be closely tied to changes in large corporates. This innovation evolved through the proliferation of new infrastructure such as co‐working spaces and innovation incubators, with each city being utilised as a test‐bed for new ideas. Finally, the emergence of a darker side to entrepreneurial innovation is found in terms of growing urban inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying a spatialized data envelopment analysis, this paper estimates and analyzes the efficiency of European Union NUTS‐2 regions during the period 2000–2014. The space‐dependent efficiency scores estimated with the proposed model show a bimodal distribution that is not detected by the aspatial approach. The results confirm the crucial role of location of production units, offering important new insights on both the causes of regional disparities in labor productivity and the observed polarization of the European distribution of per capita income. The findings further suggest significant differences for the two subgroups (spatial clusters) of regional economies found in the correlation analysis between the efficiency scores and the components of the EU Regional Competitiveness Index. Consequently, policies suitable for one group of regions may not be suitable or appropriate for the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the effect of craft breweries on residential property values. Using a hedonic Difference‐in‐Differences (DID) approach and about 250 thousand housing transactions in Denver, Colorado from 1990 to 2016, we investigate the impact of proximity to a craft brewery on residential property values. We consider three types of residence (single‐family home, row house, and condominiums), three types of brewery (all craft breweries, microbreweries, and brewpubs/taprooms), and two measurements of distance (Euclidian and walk‐time). Our most robust results are found for single‐family homes, whose values enjoy a premium of up to 20.4% for being in proximity to a brewpub/taproom several years after, with the average annual maximum premium around 3%. As expected, premiums decline as distance from breweries increase. Beyond a distance of 0.5 km or a 10‐min walk‐time, the premium for a regional/microbrewery is greater than that for a brewpub/taproom. For single family homes within 4 km or 40‐min walk‐time, the annualized premium ranges between 0.41% and 3.01%. These findings support the narrative that craft breweries are a neighborhood asset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comprehension of the textbook and augmented Solow growth model has been studied to picture the consequences of workforce growth and capital. In the age of digitalization, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is also the first necessity identified factors affecting labor productivity. This paper revisits the augmented Solow growth equation by integrating ICT as an explanator that improves labor productivity in Southeast Asian emerging economies. We used a Two‐Way Random‐Effects Model to regress the impact of workforce growth rate, physical capital, and human capital on labor productivity. The results show that using human capital is essential to improve output in emerging market countries rather than only using physical capital. According to our adjusted ICT factors, our analysis reveals that using the Internet and mobile cellular significantly boosts labor productivity. Moreover, the analysis of total factor productivity shows that most Southeast Asian economies highly depend on implementing ICT, especially the contribution of Internet usage and mobile cellular. Therefore, this study contributes to further studies and policy recommendations in improving the introduction of Internet usage and installation, especially for the emerging Southeast Asian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the impact of Walmart's entry on the survival of new and small retail businesses within non‐metropolitan areas in the province of Quebec. To do so, the study covers the years 1999–2007 and focuses on four non‐metropolitan cities. These include two Walmart entry cities, Rimouski and Salaberry‐de‐Valleyfield, and two other cities, where no Walmart was present during the study period, La Pocatière and Sorel‐Tracy. The results of a difference‐in‐differences analysis, conducted through a semi‐parametric Cox proportional hazards model, reveal that the entry of Walmart decreases the risk of closure of the new and small retail businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural diversity brought by migrants has attracted widespread interest in recent years. This paper investigates the relationship between migrant cultural diversity and regional innovation by constructing panel data of provincial migrant cultural diversity and combining them with invention applications data from China's State Intellectual Property Office. The empirical results show that the migrant cultural diversity, measured by migrant's hukou and dialect respectively, has a positive impact on regional innovation. The effect still holds after a series of robustness tests and addressing endogeneity issues. Furthermore, the further analysis implies that the effects of the migrant cultural diversity in workers aged from 30 to 50, engaged in an innovative occupation, working in high market‐competitiveness or inclusive provinces are more pronounced. Our study supplements the current research on the relationship between migrant cultural diversity and regional innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper contributes to the growing literature on the relationship between relatedness, complexity and regional diversification. It explores regional diversification in an emerging economy, focusing on diversification opportunities of regions with distinct levels of local capabilities. We investigate the importance of relatedness and economic complexity for sectoral and technological diversification in all regions of Brazil during the period 2006–2019. Regions tend to diversify in sectors/technologies requiring similar capabilities to those already available locally. In general, the higher the sector/technology complexity, the lower the probability of diversification. However, in high‐complex regions, complexity reverses into a positive force for diversification. Our analysis shows diversification prospects vary widely across different types of regions in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information services (IS) industry, which facilitates industrial transformation and upgrading, has emerged as a key driving force behind China's economic growth in recent years. More evidence can be accumulated from the Pearl River Delta (PRD), one of the largest transforming economies and IS gathering region in China. Firstly, this paper investigates the spatial patterns and dynamics of IS agglomeration in the PRD from 2003 to 2018, using the spatial autocorrelation analysis and Kernel density analysis. Secondly, a dynamic panel model with a system generalized method of moments (SYS‐GMM) estimation is employed to identify the factors significantly influencing the industry agglomeration economy. Results show that: (1) Large firms continue to gather in the core area of major cities, while smaller firms show a more balanced distribution from the core to periphery regions. The spatial proximity of firms proves that micro firms benefit less from industrial agglomeration compared to larger ones. (2) The effects of agglomeration externalities on economic growth remains positive, with labor force and commuting costs playing a vital role in the expansion of the IS industry. By integrating geo‐spatial information and empirical evidence, this study contributes to China's understanding and experience as a late‐developing country in the digital economy era. Finally, policies supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs), improving the effectiveness of government subsidies, and strengthening industry‐university research cooperation are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shift‐share analysis has been extensively used to investigate the different drivers of changes in socioeconomic variables in both spatial and non‐spatial contexts. This paper presents a comprehensive shift‐share formulation that, by considering all the possible interactions between the geographical and sectoral variables that interplay in a non‐spatial context, accounts for the intrinsic conditions of the regions that could affect the regional changes when spatial influences are not detected. The proposed technique is illustrated by analyzing the growth of industrial gross value added in the Spanish provinces between 2015 and 2019. Our results show the relevance of the intrinsic effects: the advantages (disadvantages) of the industrial sector within each province and the regional dynamism are important factors to explain the industrial changes in the Spanish regions. These findings provide evidence for the use of the comprehensive shift‐share as a tool that contribute to the regional analysis by identifying the characteristics of vulnerable regions that require further attention to avoid or lessen the effects of low economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As land is one of the most important production factors in rural areas, it is becoming an important challenge for rural revitalization strategy to realize land value and promote the socioeconomic development of villages through the collective action of self‐organized collective land use. Various studies have discussed the relationships among land governance, rural revitalization and self‐organization, but few studies have focused on village cadres' roles and village rules. This paper aims to establish an analytical framework to explore these two operating mechanisms of self‐organization in collective land use. Two villages in eastern China and one village in western China are selected as typical cases to demonstrate how collective land use is self‐organized by village cadres' roles and village rules. The results indicate that village cadres play roles in the entrepreneurial spirit and resource access capacity to promote village economic and social development. In the utilization of collective land for farmers to live in peace and work happily, the configuration of rules at the village level to regulate the behaviour of villagers is a qualification on demand and "see who can take part", cost sharing and benefit sharing, graduated sanction and supervision. The analysis in this article may provide an understanding of the mechanism driving the promotion and improvement of land self‐organization, which has important policy implications for China and other developing countries adopting this mode to promote regional economic development in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of several paper reviewers of journal including Bulent Acma, Ernesto Aguayo-Tellez, and Jeffrey Alwang.

Kain's spatial mismatch hypothesis (SMH) (1968) highlights the segregation of Black population in the inner city as well as the decentralization of jobs, both of which played a role in the poor labor market outcomes for Black residents in the inner city. Demographic and economic changes in U.S. metropolitan areas since the late 20th century have transformed the urban spatial structure. This paper aims to revisit the SMH and investigate whether the spatial pattern of mismatch has changed as a result of geographic shifts in the Black population. This paper specifically examines how the suburbanization of the Black population has affected the geographic patterns of mismatch and whether the mismatch is disappearing in the major U.S. metropolitan areas. Using spatial measures of mismatch, this paper presents intra‐metropolitan spatial mismatch patterns that capture the clustering of jobs and the Black population based on their relative distributions, showing that the overall level of spatial mismatch declined in major U.S. metropolitan areas between 2000 and 2015. However, geographical evidence reveals that the spatial mismatch has shifted to the outer suburbs, replicating city‐suburb spatial inequality, implying that although mismatch may have declined in the inner city due to Black suburbanization, spatial mismatch continue to persist in U.S. metropolitan areas in Black suburbs. The findings also demonstrate that although spatial mismatch generally declined in the inner city, it increased in cities with high inner city polarization, particularly New York, Chicago, San Francisco, and Seattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars have written descriptively about the relationship between suburbanization and central city decline. However, research has not produced systematic, quantitative estimates of the relationships between the components of suburbanization and vacancy—generally or amid urban decline. Such estimates are required to design effective policies that could protect against the social inequalities associated with such development patterns. This paper applies an economic framework of suburbanization and vacancy to 99 urbanized areas in the United States to estimate the impact on central city residential vacancy from 2013 to 2019. The results support the central hypothesis, that regional over‐building contributes to central city vacancy, and that this impact is significantly magnified by the context of decline. Results show regional over‐building causes central city vacancy in Shrinking Cities at 9.6 times the effect observed in other Principal Cities. Ameliorating factors vary between Shrinking and Non‐Shrinking contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern cluster theory provides reasons for positive external effects that accrue from the interaction of spatially proximate firms operating in common and related fields of economic activity. In this paper, we examine the impact of R&D‐intensive clusters as a key factor of regional competitiveness on productivity growth. In relying on a hybrid approach of cluster identification, we examine effects of cluster specialization and diversity for a panel of German NUTS‐3 regions in 2003–2019. After controlling for regional characteristics and unobserved heterogeneity, a robust cluster strength effect (i.e., specialization) on productivity growth is found within the context of conditional convergence across German regions. With regard to the underlying mechanisms, we find that the presence of multiple R&D‐intensive clusters in specific technological fields is most strongly linked to higher levels of regional productivity growth. We also find that advantages from cluster specialization are strongest in key industrial sector such as automobile production, machinery, chemical and pharmaceutical products. Overall, our estimates particularly highlight the working of Marshallian externalities in productivity dynamics, while Jacobs‐type spillovers tend to be partially realized. These findings indicate that some but not all cluster‐based regional development strategies are promising policy tools to foster regional growth processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at estimating the regional and sectoral impacts of the Covid‐19 pandemic in the state of Sergipe, Brazil in 2020. We use an input‐output model with partial hypothetical extraction. The main results suggest a significant reduction in economic activity in the state, particularly in the Transport and Industry sectors. On the other hand, the Real estate and Food and Accommodation sectors have a greater capacity for recovery with the introduction of an emergency aid program. The municipalities with the largest absolute impact on gross domestic product are Aracaju, Canindé de São Francisco and Nossa Senhora do Socorro, two of them located in the metropolitan area of Aracaju. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether regional integration can promote the urban agglomeration to attract foreign direct investment and expand the opening‐up is a question worthy of in‐depth discussion. This paper constructs a quasi‐natural experiment from the perspective of regional integration expansion in the Yangtze River Delta, using the panel data of 208 cities in China from 2005 to 2017. The main purposes are to examine and analyze the common trends and regional differences regarding the influences of regional integration on FDI in entire cities, incumbent cities, and new cities. Next, the internal mechanisms of expansion on FDI are explored. The results show that the regional integration exerted a significant positive effect on the FDI of the entire Yangtze River Delta. For different regions, the effect of regional integration on FDI in the incumbent cities was higher than that in the new cities. In terms of mechanisms, regional integration could affect FDI through industrial division mechanism and market unification mechanism, yet the role of economic connection mechanism exhibited regional differences. The conclusions of this paper bear important enlightenment for promoting the construction of regional integration in China and the high‐quality growth of FDI in the Yangtze River Delta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post‐reform China has experienced rapid urbanization and received much academic attention. However, few studies have focused on the overall characteristics of urban governance from both institutional and practical perspectives. This paper discusses the results of a content analysis of 79 cases collected during the first Awards for Best Urban Governance Practice in the Yangtze River Delta. This region is a pioneer of urban governance practice in China. The coding for the content analysis focused on four variables, including domains, actors, digitality, and duration, which were applied to the application forms for the award selection process. The statistical results demonstrate the characteristics of China's urban governance practices. (1) The government continues to dominate in China's urban governance, but the role of social organizations has become increasingly significant. (2) The content of China's urban affairs has transformed from economic growth to citizen‐oriented issues of livelihoods and livability. (3) New technology and digitality of new opportunities are leading China's urban governance transformation. (4) China's urban governance practices are a durable process for adaptation accumulation of experiences. This paper presents the characteristics and distribution of China's urban governance practices to lay the groundwork for future comparative urban studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatial system of rural residential areas is a key carrier to support the high‐quality development of rural residential areas. The effective identification of the space quality and its coordinated characteristics of rural residential areas are helpful to provide scientific basis for rural revitalization. From the perspective of space, the high‐quality development of rural residential area may be seen as a state of spatial coordination aiming at rural revitalization under the high‐level development of material space and social space. Taking Ningjin County of Shandong Province as the research area, this paper discusses the quality characteristics of rural residential areas in plains areas through representative case studies. For this purpose, the quality of material space and social space of these areas, and their coordinated development patterns, are obtained using the entropy weight TOPSIS, the mutual exclusivity matrix, and the coordinate quadrant method. Finally, the paper provides an identification of barriers by the obstacle degree diagnosis model and then proposes some quality improvement strategies for rural revitalization. The results show that: (a) The quality of material space and social space of rural residential areas in Ningjin County are medium and high. (b) The coordinated development patterns of material‐social space of rural residential areas in Ningjin County are characterized by medium‐quality‐led, low‐quality second‐class, high‐quality less. (c) The obstacle factors of high‐quality development of rural residential areas in Ningjin County are mainly reflected in the four dimensions of living space, production space, cultural space, and communication space. (d) Rural revitalization in Ningjin County can be achieved through the coordinated optimization of high‐quality development patterns, the focused improvement of medium‐quality development patterns, and the comprehensive consolidation of low‐quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal land transfer rights are the core of farmers' land property rights. This paper examines the urban‐rural income distribution effect of legal land transfer rights, revealing the reasons and mechanisms for legal land transfer rights to reduce the urban‐rural income disparity. Theoretical analysis shows that granting farmers legal land transfer rights and enhancing the protection of land transfer rights can help promote rural labor migration, thereby reducing the urban‐rural income disparity. This study uses panel data of prefecture‐level and above cities in China from 1999 to 2008 to examine the implementation of China's Rural Land Contracting Law in 2003 as a quasi‐natural experiment to construct a difference‐in‐differences (DID) model for the empirical test. The findings reveal that legal land transfer rights can effectively promote rural labor migration and reduce the urban‐rural income disparity due to labor migration. This paper's analysis provides a perspective for understanding the integrated development of urban and rural areas in developing countries. It indicates that guaranteeing farmers' land transfer rights is important for reducing urban‐rural income disparity, leading to urban‐rural integrated development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In global pattern reconstruction, ecological civilization construction and integrated urban–rural development in the new era as well as outlining a new framework for rural development and promoting efficient operation of the coordination mechanism for rural development are urgently required. This paper considers three northeastern provinces of China as an example, attempts to analyze the relationship between the subsystems of rural development, and examines the coupling coordination mechanism of population, land, and industry money in the four‐dimensional system. It explores the evolution path and defects of rural development in Northeast China under the background of transformation from a systematic perspective. We found that the coupling degree of "population‐land‐industry‐money" in rural Northeast China is high, while the coordination degree is low. The degree of spatial and temporal differentiation of the coupling coordination degree gradually increases, and the rural development of each province is highly unbalanced. The results also indicate that the main reasons for the low level of the coupling coordination degree are improved land development levels, a relative shortage of labor force, backward industrial development, and increasingly weak rural investment levels. Finally, this paper illustrates that the main solutions to rural revitalization are stimulating rural investment through policies and promoting the revival of agriculture, with financial support as the starting point, before establishing the linkage and mutual feed development of "population‐land‐industry‐money" in rural areas. The results will help countries, especially developing countries, to further consider methods toward achieving rural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rural decline becoming a global issue, the implementation of rural revitalization strategy has been turning into general starting points for many countries, especially in contemporary China. In this paper, we proposed a systematic analysis framework and a new evaluation index system for the implementation effectiveness of rural revitalization at the county scale. In addition, empirical research was conducted based on Jiangsu Province. The results indicated that the average value of the comprehensive index of implementation effects of rural revitalization in Jiangsu was 1.8198, and nearly 60% counties in the province were below this average. Also, the obvious disequilibrium and spatial differentiation laws were observed which presenting a stepwise advance from south to north, with the inland superior to the coastal. The five‐dimensional coordination status of rural revitalization in Jiangsu was relatively high, with the majority of counties reached at barely balanced state. A total of 21 counties were identified as problematic regions in Jiangsu through comprehensive overlay analysis. They were mainly located in northern Jiangsu, and could be divided into seven specific types. The proposed evaluation framework and indicator system might make up for the lack of effective reference systems and scientific quantitative indicators in the current county‐scale rural revitalization strategy practices. Moreover, the idea of identifying problem areas and the classification mode of rural revitalization goal levels proposed in this paper are also of great reference for other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As rural decline sweeps the world and draws public attention, it becomes necessary to consider the relationship between urbanization and rural development. The paper investigates this topic in China for the period 1989–2018. The research results find positive contribution of urbanization to rural economy in the research period but with a decreasing tendency. Compared to less developed areas, rural economy of developed regions has become less dependent on cities and can flourish in a larger context with the support of modern transportation and telecommunication technologies. However, those peripheral rural areas tend to face continuous and large‐scale rural–urban migration which has aggravated rural decline. Rural economic growth helps to decrease rural outmigration and people will stay in their hometown with available job opportunities to raise their families and maintain livelihood. The paper proposes balance‐friendly urbanization structure and diversified rural economy to improve rural resilience to meet the challenge of rural decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the mid‐1980s, there has been a boom in world heritage site (WHS) inscriptions in China. Nevertheless, incumbent studies have not sufficiently explained why cities are enthusiastic about and capable of joining the boom. They tend to attribute such enthusiasm to the WHS values in heritage protection and tourism development. However, why stakeholders have motivations and opportunities to create the boom and what institutional environments support the craze are still yet to be answered. This paper investigates the boom through the concept of embeddedness to display how multi‐scalar institutional contexts in China stimulate and sustain WHS nomination. This study argues that the enthusiasm for WHS inscription is embedded in the political‐economic interests of stakeholders on different scales. At international and national levels, WHS nomination is regarded as a political tool to address diplomatic agendas, shape national honor, and balance regional development. On a local scale, WHS inscriptions can serve as a solid pretext for local states in China to fulfill their strong developmental imperatives and break financial constraints. These imperatives are embedded in China's transitional institutional environment, associated with power decentralization, central‐local fiscal rearrangements, and the top‐down system of cadre evaluation. In this context, local states are ambitious of initiating large‐scale development projects to boost local development. WHS nomination has become a pretext for local states to fulfill extraordinary development in tourism and other industries, such as the real estate industry. This study discloses the hidden political economy behind the WHS inscription boom using the cases of Wulingyuan and the South China Karst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent economic, technological, and social shocks have led to a period of high economic uncertainty. The term "economic resilience" has been used to describe how regional clusters deal with and adapt to various shocks. This paper aims to analyze the elements that influence the resilience trajectory of a cluster. We conduct qualitative and exploratory research on the centennial Wine Cluster in Serra Gaúcha, Brazil, using data sources, interviews, and documents. To this end, we first identify seven elements that influence cluster resilience from the literature review. Subsequently, through an empirical case study, we verify whether these elements could represent the resilience of clusters. The results show that these seven elements are integrable and represent dimensions that explain the resilience of the cluster analyzed. Moreover, the findings highlight that resilience and resistance to crises are the historical results of improvements and the development of new routines for clustered companies. This study contributes to the cluster resilience literature and presents elements explaining how regions can adapt to and deal with shocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By examining China's province‐level data, this paper uses governmental intervention theory to investigate the extent to which governmental policy interventions alleviate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on local economic growth. Results suggest that stronger government intervention during COVID‐19 pandemic boost the economic recovery, and the effectiveness of governmental policy interventions is contingent on pandemic severity and local economic endowment. Specifically, facilitating effect of government intervention on economic growth is effective in all provinces, and the impact of government intervention is more pronounced in the province with more diagnosed cases, a high level of marketization and fiscal income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the relationship between agglomeration economies (urbanization, specialization, and diversity) and firm‐level performance during a period of deep economic downturn (2011–2018). We use data from the National Survey of Economic Activities for eight Tunisian manufacturing industries to explore which agglomeration externalities matter most for firm performance after the revolution. The analysis considers, in addition, the role played by selected firm‐specific characteristics. The empirical results, based on a multilevel analysis approach, sanction the importance of firm‐specific determinants of productivity and exporting. They also indicate that only specialization externalities have a positive and significant effect on firms' performance. The replicate results during a period of economic stability (1998–2004) show, however, that specialization and urbanization economies are both relevant predictors of firms' productivity and that more productive firms, in particular the smaller ones, are better able to benefit from agglomeration. This finding has not been confirmed for the post‐revolutionary period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of highway construction on the size distribution of manufacturing firms using Chinese firm and highway network data. I construct instrumental variables using historical and counterfactual road approaches to identify the causal effects of highway construction. I find that highway construction can increase firm size dispersion and market concentration. Areas near highways have a higher number of firms, more outsourcing activities, and more large firms; while areas further from highways have a higher share of new entry firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to externalities and market failure, innovation activities are facing insufficient investment. Venture capital guidance funds (VCGFs) are an important policy implemented by China's government to guide private capital to participate in innovation and entrepreneurship activities, and it can have an important impact on scientific and technological innovation. Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China, this paper empirically analyzed the impact of VCGFs on innovation and its mechanism. VCGFs can significantly promote urban innovation and this role is sustained for three years following VCGF establishment. Further research shows that VCGFs do not have a direct impact on innovation but promote innovation by promoting the accumulation of innovative talent and capital, and the capital accumulation effect of VCGFs is the main path through which they promote urban innovation. Corruption is also a factor that restricts the effectiveness of an innovation policy. Thus, China's top‐down anticorruption campaigns can strengthen the ability of VCGFs to promote urban innovation. This paper opens the black box to show the mechanism through which VCGFs impact urban innovation, affirms the important role of the government in the regional innovation system, and clarifies the debate on government innovation policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the industrial transfer path is of great significance to the distribution of the industrial relocators and receivers in the process of industrial transfer, how to measure the input–output relationship between industries is still unclear. Based on an adjusted input–output table, this paper attempts to measure the input–output relationship for transport equipment manufacturing industry in the Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei region. The interregional input–output model was used to realize the calculation of the single department transfer amount. Moreover, combining with the calculation results, the transfer path of the transportation equipment manufacturing was characterized. The results showed that the phenomenon of transfer over space in the transportation equipment manufacturing industry was distinct. The industrial transfer has shifted from the coastal areas to central and western regions. Sixteen provinces, mainly including Inner Mongolia, Henan, Shanxi, etc., had a net outflow of the transportation equipment manufacturing industry. The rest is net inflow provinces. Transportation equipment manufacturing industrial transfer is moving into Beijing and Tianjin. This paper will provide a reference for reasonable and orderly acceptance of industrial transfer from a quantitative perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research at the biophysical level constitutes the main approach to study the path through which climate influences infectious diseases, but the influence of socioeconomic factors on climate change and the spread of infectious diseases also cannot be ignored. In the current context, with its emphasis on carbon emission reduction, countries have begun to adopt "total control and trading" methods to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper is based on the monthly relevant data of various provinces and cities from 2015 to 2019, adds the moderating variable of "carbon emission trading volume" based on current research results, establishes a static model of unbalanced panel fixed effects and a dynamic panel model, and deeply analyzes the impact of climate change on infectious disease popularity and the moderating effect of the carbon trading market. The study found that climate warming, frequent precipitation, and shortened sunshine duration will lead to an increase in the number of infectious disease cases and that the "carbon emission trading volume" variable plays a negative role in the positive correlation between climate change (temperature/precipitation) and the number of infectious disease cases. There are seasonal differences, and the moderating effect in summer/autumn is more obvious than that in winter/spring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the system of political centralization and economic decentralization, the expanding scale of land finance and the increasingly severe environmental pressure have jointly become crucial features of China's urban development. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the intrinsic mechanism of land finance on haze pollution for China's economy to achieve kinetic energy transformation and green development. This paper empirically analyzes the impact of land finance on haze pollution using a dynamic spatial Durbin model based on panel data of 269 prefecture‐level cities in China from 2004 to 2017. The statistical results show that haze pollution has a significant "snowball effect" and space spillover effect. Land finance has a significant positive effect on haze pollution. Land transfer both by agreement and by bid invitation, auction, and listing have significant positive effect on haze pollution. However, the promoting effect of land transfer by agreement on haze pollution is significantly higher than that of land sale by bid invitation, auction, and listing. Furthermore, regional heterogeneity implies that for cities in the eastern region, land finance is conducive to alleviating haze pollution. In contrast, for cities in the central and western regions, land finance significantly promotes haze pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A substantial amount of research has examined the collaborations within technology‐based industries, but how technological intensity relates to the evolution of interregional research collaboration is less well understood. This paper investigates the dynamic changes of spatial structure and determinants of intercity research collaborations in the sectoral innovation networks of high‐tech industries contrasting to low and medium technology (LMT) industries in the Greater Pearl River Delta (GPRD), China. Using the sectoral patent application data over the period 2008–2016, the social network analysis results confirm a higher level of triangles in the co‐invention network of high‐tech industries than within LMT industries. Moreover, the empirical results through Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM) show that, compared to LMT industries, collaboration in the co‐invention network of high‐tech industries is less sensitive to geographical and linguistic distance, while more subject to economic distance, regional educational level and government support with time. In addition, cognitive proximity and regional R&D intensity are both important prerequisite in the formation of these two collaborative networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates how human capital agglomeration interplays with institutional factors to affect migration destination choice in China. Over the last decades, China has experienced massive internal migration, substantial human capital investment, and the relaxation of its hukou system, thus providing us with a valuable opportunity to examine the role of human capital externality in migration choice. Based on rich data on province‐to‐province migration flows for different education and hukou groups, we find that migrants in China, especially highly educated and urban‐to‐urban migrants, have a strong preference to move to provinces with a high agglomeration of human capital. Further examination reveals that low‐skilled migrants in China are less likely to benefit from human capital agglomeration because of their lower ability to overcome hukou restrictions. Our findings raise the concern that labor migration under the skill‐biased hukou system would enlarge China's regional disparities in human capital and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using micro merged data of China's customs transaction and National Bureau of Statistics Annual Surveys of Industrial Firms data, this paper analyzes the effect of industrial agglomeration on domestic value‐added in exports to gross exports (DVAR). It is found that industrial agglomeration significantly improves DVAR. Mechanism tests show that industrial agglomeration promotes DVAR by increasing the relative price of imported intermediate inputs and domestic inputs (relative price effect), as well as restrains DVAR by restraining cost markup of firm (cost markup effect). However, the promotion effect of the "relative price effect" is greater than the restraint effect of the "cost markup effect". In addition, accession to the World Trade Organization and exchange reform strengthen the promotion effect of industrial agglomeration. The result of dynamic decomposition shows that 74.62% of the industry's DVAR increase is attributed to the resource re‐allocation effect, which is an important channel for industrial agglomeration to promote DVAR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to realize the ecological protection and high‐quality development (HQD) of the Yellow River Basin (YRB) has become a great challenge for China. Based on panel data from 100 prefecture‐level cities in the YRB from 2006 to 2018, this innovative paper employs the System Generalized Method of Moments (SYS‐GMM) panel model and takes environmental regulation as a situational factor to empirically examine the influence mechanism of industrial agglomeration on HQD in the YRB. Our findings reveal that: (i) overall, a "U‐shaped" relationship exists between industrial agglomeration and HQD in the YRB, and environmental regulation plays a vital role in augmenting their relationship. (ii) Presently, the industrial agglomeration degree prevails on the left side of the threshold value, and the upsurge of industrial agglomeration degree still limits HQD. (iii) From the perspective of river basins, the influence of industrial agglomeration on HQD in the upstream is not significant, and the strengthening effect of environmental regulation is not noticeable. We find a "U‐shaped" relationship between industrial agglomeration and HQD in the midstream, along with notable differences in the correlation between industrial agglomeration and different dimensions of HQD in downstream. This paper helps in further understanding the influence of industrial agglomeration, environmental regulation, and HQD, as well as establishes efficient policies to promote HQD in the YRB and other similar river basins through industrial agglomeration in the context of environmental constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper uses the hazards model to estimate how market segmentation affects firm survival and accompanied resource allocation efficiency in China based on the manufacturing firm's data in 1998–2007 from the Annual Survey of Industrial Firms, considering the time‐varying and heterogeneous effect with the dynamics and characteristics of enterprises. According to the results, although firms benefit from market segmentation in the inauguration period, the protection diminishes afterwards and eventually becomes a hazard to the firm survival. This paper also takes one step further in finding that market segmentation may distort the resource allocation by protecting low‐productivity and low‐profitability firms from exiting the market. The findings suggest that local governments should strengthen cooperation to break administrative barriers and promote regional integrated development in order to realize the benefits of the domestic super‐large‐scale market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the geography of the fintech industry in China's cities, which has not been systematically studied. It contributes to the literature on fintech by applying a new theoretical perspective—evolutionary economic geography. Improving on the existing literature on fintech that conducts a relatively general analysis of the role of technology in fintech development, evolutionary economic geography offers a detailed analysis that zooms in on the specific kinds of technology that determine fintech development. Moreover, this article contributes to the literature on evolutionary economic geography by systematically examining the role of market demand in developing a new industry. Based on a unique data set from 2003 to 2019, this article provides a city‐level analysis of the fintech industry in China. The results show that the fintech industry tends to develop in cities that have accumulated technologies in the fields of finance, e‐commerce, data sciences, and security. Moreover, there is a positive relationship between the development of the fintech industry and the demand for fintech services. Finally, this paper sheds light on the role of a favorable regulatory environment in fintech development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the effects of urban spatial structure on urban employment growth in China by focusing on two dimensions, monocentricity, and compactness. Theoretically, the urban spatial structure affects urban employment through its effects on transportation costs, the concentration of economic activities, and urban amenities. Our empirical analysis verifies a nonlinear U‐shaped relationship between the monocentricity of a city and the growth rate of urban employment. Additionally, we find that a high level of compactness accelerates urban employment growth. Furthermore, cities that are more monocentric and more compact experienced more rapid urbanization during our sample period. We then use an instrumental variable approach to identify causal effects, and we obtain similar results. Our findings indicate that to accelerate the transfer of labor to urban sectors, governments in developing countries should pay attention to the planning of the urban spatial structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper assesses the impact of a home team's participation in a major sporting event—the Super Bowl—on the local economy. Our identification strategy is to compare the winning and losing cities of the National Football League (NFL) conference championship games under the assumption of similar pre‐trends. We use the stock market performance of public companies headquartered in these cities to capture the changing prospects of local economies attributable to Super Bowl participation. The exogenous variation in football game outcomes allows for a straightforward difference‐in‐differences approach to identify the causal effect. We show that the post‐event trends in winning and losing cities diverge despite their similar trends before the end of the regular season. Our empirical results indicate that winning the NFL conference championship game, thus the opportunity to compete in the Super Bowl, has a positive, significant effect on the local economy, particularly the manufacturing and FIRE (finance, insurance, and real estate) sectors. A similar analysis of winning the Super Bowl, however, finds no further significant effect on the local economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reexamines the debated issue of the effects of rent control policy on the rental market. We investigate the impact on rents of three different forms of rent regulation in Lyon over a 78‐year period. We use an original historical data set which allows us to track regulation changes, rent paid, and tenant moves for a long‐run panel of flats. Using a difference‐in‐differences method, we estimate the impact of regulation on rents depending on the type of rent control over different economic periods. Our results show that the impact of rent control deepened over time. Starting with an 11% reduction in rents between 1914 and 1929, it reached a decrease by 47% in the regulated rental market in the 1949–1968 period. We do not find any increase in rents in the unregulated segment of the rental market, which could be a result of a reduction in housing investment in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper illustrates the application of machine learning algorithms in predictive analytics for local governments using administrative data. The developed and tested machine learning predictive algorithm overcomes known limitations of the conventional ordinary least squares method. Such limitations include but not limited to imposed linearity, presumed causality with independent variables as presumed causes and dependent variables as presume result, likely high multicollinearity among features, and spatial autocorrelation. The study applies the algorithms to 311 non‐emergency service requests in the context of Miami‐Dade County. The algorithms are applied to predict the volume of 311 service requests and the community characteristics affecting the volume across Census tract neighborhoods. Four common families of algorithms and an ensemble of them are applied. They are random forest, support vector machines, lasso and elastic‐net regularized generalized linear models, and extreme gradient boosting. Two feature selection methods, namely Boruta and fscaret, are applied to identify the significant community characteristics. The results show that the machine learning algorithms capture spatial autocorrelation and clustering. The features generated by fscaret algorithms are parsimonious in predicting the 311 service request volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A clan is a group of families that are linked by patriarchal blood relationships with one common ancestor. Clans may help members to find jobs and set up businesses through blood‐based networks, but traditional male‐biased norms may lead to different effects on employment between genders. This paper examines the causal effects of clans on the employment statuses of men and women and the gap in the effects between genders. To mitigate the endogeneity issue, we employ the potential rain‐fed rice yield as an instrumental variable to obtain consistent estimates. We find that clans have positive effects on women's probabilities of participating in the labor market and having nonfarming jobs, while the effects on men are not significant. Clans have positive effects on male entrepreneurship but no effects on female entrepreneurship. The results are robust to a host of sensitivity tests. Moreover, we find that the findings are driven mainly by small cities, and clans have larger effects on regions where private enterprises dominate. The dynamic analysis indicates that the gender gap of clan effects decreases with the development of urbanization and marketization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship induces novelty in the innovation system, generates selection processes, and shapes market structure over time. Entrepreneurial firms participate in the creation and diffusion of new technologies, the creation, and early development of new markets and industries, and the renewal of existing firms and industries. But does entrepreneurship also facilitate the transformation and adaptability of innovation systems? In this paper, we analyze whether the Swedish innovation system's industrial structure underwent a transformation as a result of the emergence, growth, and development of new entrepreneurial firms during the last financial crisis. In particular, we focus on the dynamics of two relevant sectors of the Swedish economy which, however, show however different structural characteristics: manufacture of machinery and industrial equipment, and computer programming. Our analysis reveals that large companies use firm acquisitions to respond to the threats posed by new emerging entrepreneurial firms. In the current context of disruptive change, acquisitions are thus used as a defensive mechanism for firms' survival and adaptation rather than as a means to transfer/gain new knowledge/technology. We discuss how entrepreneurial ecosystems and innovation support policies can take two forms depending on the stage of development of an innovation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a slacks‐based global DEA for Chinese urban green economic growth (GECO) and a global Malmquist index for decomposing its changes into three components, technology change (GTEC), scale efficiency change (GSEC), and pure technical efficiency change (GPEC). On this basis, using China's 286 city‐level panel data for the period 2006–2018, this paper then analyses the key driving factors of GECO and the regional heterogeneous effects of resource abundance on GECO. Results show that: (a) during the sample period, the city‐level GECO of China remains at a low level. GTEC and GSEC promote GECO, but much of this growth effect is offset by a reduction in GPEC; (b) there is negative effect of resource abundance on Chinese urban GECO. Specifically, in eastern, central, and western cities, the negative effect on GECO by adversely affecting GSEC and GPEC, while in northeast cities, the main transmission is GTEC; (c) because the key factors which affect the decompositions show different characteristics from regional heterogeneity perspective, this paper takes further step to formulate specific strategies and effective implementation of policies for the improvement of GECO in China's city level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a recent study, Mejía‐Reyes, Díaz‐Carreño, and Aroca analyzed the synchronization of the business cycles of the states of Mexico. Using an extended gravitational model, they propose and test a set of variables to explain the co‐movement of those cycles. Following on from their work, this paper proposes that one variable in particular, economic complexity, not only explains the synchronization of the business cycles of Mexican states but, in fact, also does a better job at explaining it on its own than the entire set of seven variables proposed by Mejía‐Reyes et al. (2019). The paper provides a more parsimonious specification to explain the co‐movement of the states' business cycles by using a single variable that contains information on their relative productive structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]