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The paper discusses changes both in environmental education and in the labour market of environmental professionals, within the context of the European Union. Changes in the Netherlands are estimated using [...]

In both business training and academic courses, students value a clear connection between the theoretical concepts they are learning and their application in the 'real' world. In subjects such as [...]

Over the past decade governments in the US, as well as in other industrial countries, have experimented with voluntary technology partnership as an alternative style of policy implementation. To examine [...]

In the Dutch National Environmental Policy Plan 4 it has been recognised that persistent environmental problems (such as global warming caused by greenhouse gases) cannot be solved by traditional policy [...]

The implementation of an environmental management system (EMS) is a highly discretionary decision process: even for businesses using the common template of the ISO 14001 international voluntary standard, EMSs may [...]

A prerequisite of chemical risk assessment is the requirement to fully develop exposure scenarios for different situations to describe how a substance is manufactured, released in production and used during [...]

A primary objective of the new EU chemicals policy is to shift the burden of proof from authorities having to identify chemical risks to industry having to demonstrate the safe [...]

Project HERA (Human and Environmental Risk Assessment) is a collaborative venture of the International Soap, Detergent and Maintenance Products Association and the European Chemical Industry Council, their member companies and [...]

AN ENORMOUS NEW FREE-TRADE AREA, covering 34 countries and 800 million people, moved another step closer in November when ministers from 34 countries agreed to keep to their target date [...]

EU POLITICIANS AND REGULATORS ACTED with uncharacteristic speed and decisiveness after an oil tanker broke in two and sank off Spain, spilling 15,000 tonnes of oil into the Atlantic, causing [...]

A comparison of the organisational efforts of the business and environmental communities in the multilateral climate negotiations reveals a startling difference. In the environmental domain, the Climate Action Network has [...]

HOW DOES THE PRESENT EUROPEAN Commission score on the environment? Soso, according to environmental groups who, in July, issued a detailed assessment of the green credentials of Romano Prodi and [...]

This paper presents a study of a trend-setting company in the electricity sector in the Netherlands and its innovative response to the combined influence of liberalisation and climate change. The [...]

As a key element in its climate change strategy, the UK government launched a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme in April 2002. The UK ETS is the first-ever national, industry-wide [...]

Cement is a low-cost construction material whose manufacture generates significant carbon dioxide emissions. As these emissions enter a carbon-constrained world, they may ultimately have a significant impact on the industry's [...]

The technological, economic and policy dimensions of climate change are essential to understanding and formulating corporate strategic responses. Over the past decade, advances in greenhouse gas mitigation technologies, the refinement [...]

PRESIDENT BUSH PUSHED AHEAD WITH his Clear Skies plan--a market-based approach to reducing air pollution from power plants--despite opinion polls showing that most people preferred the mandatory emissions cuts and [...]

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION UNVEILED a new four-year programme to put renewable energy sources at the heart of the 'Intelligent Energy for Europe' policy. Backed by a budget of 215 million [...]

THE FIRST GLOBAL GUIDELINES ON genetic resources, charting a course for international action through to 2010, were approved by representatives from 166 countries at the Conference of the Parties to [...]

THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION announced in April that it would be asking the us Senate to ratify the new international treaty on persistent organic pollutants (POPs), to outlaw the so-called 'Dirty [...]

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT WANTS A tough new set of environmental laws. That became clear in January when MEPs, brushing aside the growing concerns of business, approved a new raft of [...]

WHEN HE ANNOUNCED THE US WOULD not sign up to the Kyoto Protocol, President Bush said he had some cards up his sleeve on climate change. And, in February, amid [...]

This paper makes a concrete proposal for the assessment of sustainable development strategies, placing the emphasis on the process factor. Based on the Bellagio Principles, a set of criteria is [...]

This paper is part of the European Union project on the Development of Urban Green Spaces to Improve the Quality of Life in Cities and Urban Regions (URGE). (†) The [...]

THE KYOTO PROTOCOL ON CLIMATE change was finally signed and sealed in November when ministers and senior officials from 171 countries worked through the night in Marrakesh to agree to [...]

THE EU SCORED AN IMPORTANT breakthrough in the battle against noise in the skies when it won the go-ahead from an international aviation conference in October to restrict--in some cases, [...]

LIKE THE PROVERBIAL CURATE'S EGG, the 2002 Interior Appropriations Bill--which funds the Department of Interior to the tune of US$19.1 billion--had potentially good and bad news for the US environment, [...]

IT TOOK MUCH COAXING AND CAJOLING, and ultimately compromise--as well as a tough session of all-night negotiations--but representatives from 180 countries, meeting in Bonn in July, eventually reached agreement on [...]

In order to achieve both efficient and reliable external communication adapted to the company's specific conditions, it is desirable to establish a clear relation between the environmental performance indicators (EPIs) [...]

In this paper, the potential for Chinese small town governments to adopt ISO 14001 is discussed. While ISO 14001 is regarded as too difficult for most Chinese local enterprises, the [...]

This paper focuses on the relationship between a company's environmental activity in marketing and its environmental advertising. Green advertising without environmental emphasis in strategies and appropriate connections between strategies and [...]

ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND TECHNOLOGIES ARE INCREASINGLY BECOMING A challenge for manufacturers of electronic products. In the wake of manifold pressures--obsolete electronic products, customer concerns about hazardous substances, environmental legislation regarding take-back [...]

THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT ACTED IN October to create the world's biggest fully protected marine reserve: an area of 25,000 square miles, including the Heard and McDonald Islands, 620 miles north [...]

A PARADOX: SEVEN IN TEN US-BASED global companies insist that sustainability is important or very important to their business--but fewer than a quarter of them are doing much about it: [...]

POLLUTED WATER AND POOR SANITATION are the biggest killers of children in Asia and the Pacific, the UN Economic and Social Commission for the region reported in August; and it [...]

UNCONTROLLED, ILLEGAL HUNTING AND trade are taking a murderous toll on wildlife and wild lands across Asia--to the extent that, throughout Indochina, tigers have been selectively hunted to local extinction [...]

AUSTRALIA ANGERED ITS environmentalists in March when it signed an agreement with the US to establish a formal partnership to deliver `practical climate change measures' outside the Kyoto Protocol. The [...]

ILLEGAL SMUGGLING OF CFCs AND other ozone-depleting chemicals is thriving and on the increase, the Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA)--which exposes environmental crime--revealed in October. It said that thousands of tons [...]

US FIRMS OPERATING IN EUROPE delivered what they hoped would be the final and fatal blow to EU plans to give tax concessions for green products when they flatly rejected [...]

CHINA HAS VERY SERIOUS environmental problems--aggravated by its rapid economic growth over the past 20 years. And, according to a blunt report by The World Bank in August, there will [...]

ENVIRONMENTALISTS GREETED GEORGE W. Bush's hugely controversial victory in the us Presidential election with horror (Al Gore had been their favoured candidate), at least out of the two large parties. [...]

A Case Study of Traidcraft plc This paper builds a set of cultural principles on which a firm needs to act if it wishes to move towards sustainability,(1) defined in [...]

We have studied the Factor X concept through an imagined future lens provided by a framework of basic principles for sustainability for the whole ecosphere. From such a backcasting perspective, [...]

This contribution uses competitive theory to analyse the Swiss cotton yarn retailer and world market leader for organic cotton, Remei. Greening the cotton business is still in its infancy, even [...]

This paper examines the process of introducing chain-oriented environmental improvements at the catering subcontractor Van Hecke Catering. To cope with this complex issue, the company originally focused on one theme: [...]

DO WE NEED AN ENVIRONMENTAL counterweight to the World Trade Organisation? The EU thinks we may, because, in July, it set up a working group to look into the possibility [...]

MOUNTING EVIDENCE CONTINUES TO suggest that there is a clear business case for improved environmental performance. According to the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS), multinationals adopting [...]

The Case of the Canary Islands In many cases small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are rooted in their local communities. Therefore, their owners and employees can be expected to show [...]