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The effect of added Al2O3, introduced by the substitution method, on the crystallization and spectral-luminescent properties of gallium germanosilicate glasses with γ-Ga2O3:Ni2+ nanocrystals was investigated. It was found that the Ni2+-luminescence efficiency increased on account of both an increase in the degree of crystallinity of glass with Al2O3 and an increase in the strength of the crystal field around the Ni2+ ions on account of Al3+ incorporation into the structure of the precipitated nanocrystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of studies on lowering of the melting temperature of strontium aluminosilicate glass by introducing boron and phosphorus oxides into the batch are reported. The main physicochemical processes occurring in the batches on and heating and the sequence and temperature intervals in which they occur were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction of lead silicate glasses Ñ87-2 and Ñ78-4 with dilute solutions of hydrofluoric acid was investigated. It is shown that an increase in the temperature and concentration of the HF solution does not lead to an increase in the reaction rate. The obtained results are explained by the fact that, along with the formation of soluble salts, complex compounds with limited solubility appear and on precipitating onto a surface prevent the glass components from entering the solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was shown that ash-slag wastes from TPP can be used in the production of heat-insulating glass materials. Compositions with different granulometric composition of batch were developed and underwent heat-treatment. The primary properties of the synthesized samples were determined. The effect of the particle size on the foaming-up of granules was determined and the optimal dispersity of the batch found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of the temperature and concentration of NaOH solutions on the chemical dissolution of the lead-silicate glasses used as base glasses in the manufacture of microchannel plates was studied. It is shown that on decomposition of the glasses C87-2 and C78-4 in the studied solutions a linear dependence on the exposure time, concentration, and temperature of the solution is observed. It is noted that for Ñ87-2 glass the shape of the removed mass curve depends on the temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IR and RS spectroscopy are used to study the effect of substituting barium and calcium for the sodium cation on the structure of sodium borosilicate glass with the composition 0.25NaO; 0.25BO ; 0.5SiO . Analysis of the recorded spectra showed that the substitution of the alkali-metal cations Ba and Ca for the Na cation results in breaking of B-O-B and Si-O-Si bridges, as a result of which the fraction of oxygen end atoms increases and the degree of polymerization of the glass decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of experimental studies of the production of low-melting glasses with low lead oxide content for fluxes of silicate paints based on two borate systems not previously studied are presented. The predictable changes of the softening onset temperature, the total flow, and the CLTE are established. The crystallization power of the glasses is studied. The results of these investigations are used as a basis to propose compositions with 20–25 wt.% PbO (molar content 6–10%) and burn-in temperature of paints based on them 560–580°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of using ultradisperse (nano) materials on the strength of glass samples with different chemical composition obtained by high-temperature sintering from powder-forming components is studied. The character of the dependence of the strength on the content (by weight) and type of nanomaterials and the chemical composition of the glass is determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of various additives on the porization of liquid-glass compositions using new approaches for analyzing experimental data, making it possible to obtain a quantitative assessment of the influence of inorganic additives and salts, is determined. Application of the law of constancy of the volume phase composition of dispersed systems makes it possible to express mathematically the influence of technological parameters (temperature, time) and the form of the types of additives introduced on the porization processes in such compositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of studying the effect of nontraditional additives, namely, metallic aluminum and zinc powders on the process of silicate and glass formation using polythermal and thermogravimetric analysis, are described. The specifics of the glass-melting process for decorative glasses using the nontraditional additives are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A batch preparation technology is proposed using traditionally prepared and mixed components with subsequent superfine milling of the mixture adding special temporary reactants. The milling method involves mechanical acceleration of the material and its self-milling. The crusher has high reliability parameters. A batch prepared in this way is homogeneous and ensures a fast completion of silicate formation reactions in the initial zone of the melting tank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of using substandard materials in the form of granulated concentrates in glass technology is analyzed. It is established that using granulated concentrates in glass melting intensifies the chemical activity of batches at the stage of silicate and glass formation, which is due to the finely dispersed and defective structure of the material, close contact of the high-melting components with soda, and increased homogeneity of the batch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of modifier oxides (MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, and ZnO) introduced instead of SiO2 into borosilicate glass on glass properties is investigated. It is established that the physicochemical properties (TCLE, softening temperature, mircohardness, density, water resistance) of glasses are determined mainly by structure and phase composition and, to a lesser extent, depend on the type of modifier oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of studying the possibility of using cullet of different chemical compositions accumulated at dumping grounds for foam glass production are described. It is established that sodium silicate introduced into cullet in the form of water glass partly destroys milled cullet and homogenizes the chemical composition of the batch and its most significant technological properties. Due to the chemical reaction between water glass and the surface of milled cullet particles, silicates are formed containing bound water, which is released at high temperatures (600 - 620°C) and facilitates frothing of foam glass. Water glass in a batch increases the quantity of the vitreous phase and decreases the propensity of glass for crystallization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physicochemical and technological properties of an improved modification of soda ash from nepheline material and its effect on batch preparation and silicate and glass formation and on the properties of glass are considered. It is established that the improved modification of soda with respect to its physicochemical and technologies properties and storage behavior belongs to the “heavyweight” category, is a promising alkali-bearing material, and can be recommended for effective application in the production of glass containers and household and sheet glass, including decorative float glass with special properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is demonstrated that the density of binary glasses upon variation of the molar content of the modifier in their compositions obeys a parabolic dependence, whose parameters can be used to estimate the extent and type of reactions between the components. The reaction parameters in glasses that are prone to liquation are lower by an order of magnitude and have the negative sign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistical data obtained on the mechanical strength of the glass from tests performed on glass samples treated by different methods are examined. It is shown that the deposition of a metalized film on glass decreases glass strength and virtually no further strength degradation occurs when the film is removed by means of laser radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of obtaining foamed heat-insulation material at room temperature on the basis of liquid glass with calcium-containing additives is examined. Amethod of controlling gas generation and solidification of a liquid-glass composition by changing the silicate modulus of liquid glass is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glass of the NaO - BO - SiO system with a BO content from 20 to 40% was investigated by high-temperature Raman spectroscopy. It was shown that when the boron oxide content was gradually increased, the silicate network undergoes depolymerization, which is confirmed by the change in the ratio of the intensities of the bands characteristic of tetrahedrons with a different number of nonbridge oxygen atoms ( Q and Q ). The borate constituent has BO tetrahedrons which then alternate with nonsymmetrical BO triangles with nonbridge oxygen atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of short- and medium-range order of silicate glass containing additions of phosphorus oxide is simulated on a computer. The phosphorus atoms can be in oxygen tetrahedra with different symmetry as well as in pentahedra and trigonal bipyramids. Calculations of the P – O bond lengths and the azimuthal angles in the phosphate glass-forming polyhedral are performed and a conclusion is drawn concerning the most likely structural position of phosphorus. The shortcomings of purely ionic models are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The character of diffusion of oxygen and nitrogen in the surface layer of nitrated lead-silicate glass was investigated. The dependences of the diffusion coefficients on the composition of the glass and duration of gas heat treatment were established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leachability of sheet glass in time and across the ribbon width is investigated using different methods. It is demonstrated that the method for determining the thermal-emission capacity of the surface makes it possible to characterize the chemical resistance of glass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expressions for the interaction parameter as a function of macroscopic glass parameters are derived within the framework of a model taking into account the interaction between the structural elements in binary glasses. Analysis of published data established that the interaction index in alkali-silicate glasses within the temperature interval in which the temperature coefficients of expansions are constant does not depend on temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of the duration of treatment of the surface of soda-lime glass in potassium and lead nitrate melts at a temperature of 460°C on the chemical and mechanical strength is investigated. It is demonstrated that the formation of a crystalline lead-silicate coating in this treatment increases the alkali resistance threefold and the mechanical strength of glass twofold. Practical recommendations are issued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation defects in the lattice of sodium-silicate glass that arise under the effect of γ-radiation were investigated by optical spectroscopy. Color centers of the hole type appeared in the glass at radiation doses in the 102–103 Gy region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium-aluminosilicate glasses have been melted and the physicochemical properties of glasses and glass ceramics crystallizing in two stages on the basis of these glasses have been studied. The study results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of multicomponent sodium-borosilicate glasses is investigated using the IR spectroscopy method, and their physicochemical properties are identified. It is demonstrated that enamels for protecting pipes used in the oil sector can be obtained on the basis of these glasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new technology for manufacturing gold smalto using a “liquid” gold preparation has been developed. Glasses with different hues for use as substrates in preparing smalto have been synthesized in the alkali-boro-silicate system. This has made it possible to expand the range of gold smalto. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]