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Objectives: Human papillomavirus infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Long-term exposure to the HPV leads to development of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions that can eventually transform into cervical cancer. The aim of the study was to assess the HPV genotype distribution in patients with abnormal pap smear and provide prospective study., Material and Methods: We obtained material from 674 women who registered to Specialist Medical Practice in the years 2008-2020. The sample for the molecular test was collected using combi brush and forwarded to the independent, standardized laboratory. HPV detection was done using PCR followed by DNA enzyme immunoassay and reverse hybridization line probe assay for virus genotyping. Sequence analysis was performed to characterize virus genotypes in HPV - positive samples., Results: We found that 53% of patients tested positive for HPV. The percentage decreased with age. The following HPV types were the most common: HPV - 16 (24.5%), HPV - 53 (13.1%), HPV - 31 (10.3%), HPV - 51 (9.7%), HPV - 56 (9.5%). To our knowledge, this study is the largest assessment of HPV genotypes in Poland., Conclusions: Our results suggest that type-specific, high-risk HPV DNA - based screening should focus on HPV types 16, 31, 51, 56.

Advances in cancer treatment of young patients have resulted in markedly improved survival rates and quality of life. However infertility remains to be one of adverse effects of anticancer therapy. Female patients who receive high-dose abdominal and/or pelvic irradiation or chemotherapy based on alkylating agents are at highest risk of developing ovarian failure. Among women whose fertility was not impaired during oncologic treatment, there is a significantly increased number of premature labors. High-dose irradiation also predisposes to low-birthweight infants. Neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy increase a risk of congenital malformations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate selected clinical, histological and diagnostic factors as prognostics of time and location of endometrial cancer recurrence. We also attempted to design a more efficient follow-up protocols for patients with recurrent endometrial cancer., Methods: A retrospective review of 196 patients with recurrent endometrial cancer treated at the Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, was done. Recurrence was analyzed by site, presence or absence of symptoms and methods of detection. We focused our attention on the impact of specific disease characteristics on pattern and risk of recurrence., Results: Vast majority of recurrences (88%) occurred within the first 3 years after the primary treatment, whereas 71% within the first two years after the completion of the treatment. More than half of the patients (55%) were symptomatic when relapse occurred, while no statistically significant differences were found in time to relapse between the symptomatic and the asymptomatic group. Disease-free time observed when vaginal relapse occurred was significantly shorter compared to distant sites (p = 0.049). Histological maturity of primary tumor seems to be a prognostic of disease-free time (p = 0.039). Also patients with histological type I and II seem to have different courses of the disease (p = 0.064). Among recurrent endometrial cancer cases, pelvic examination, abdominal or pelvic ultrasound and chest x-ray could detect 95% of relapses., Conclusions: A follow-up program in the first three years after the primary treatment of endometrial cancer is useful in detecting recurrent disease. There is no reason to use an intensive program of follow-up in patients with low risk primary disease. Pelvic examination, vaginal and abdominal ultrasound, chest x-ray are good and not expensive methods in relapse detection. There is no clinical justification for the routine use of the Pap smear in the follow-up of patients with endometrial cancer.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Cicatridine application in healing and repairing process after operative procedures concerning uterine cervix, vagina and vulva and after brachytherapy due to cervical and endometrial cancer. We also analyzed Cicatridine effect on vaginal athrophical signs in post-menopausal women., Patients and Methods: The examined group consist of 319 women. They were divided into 2 arms. The active arm concerns 213 women who used Cicatridine, while controlled one consists of 106 women. The effect of treatment was estimated after 6 weeks and 3 months by the visual inspection of the cervix and vagina. We also analyzed the subjective filling of patients bound to sexual intercourses by using of Visual Analogue Scale (0%--no effect; 100%--disappearance of pathological symptoms)., Results: In active arm according to control one the reparation of cervix was more often: after surgery procedures (respectively after 6 weeks 93% vs 70%; after 3 months 99% vs 89%) and after brachytherapy (respectively after 3 months 86% vs 0%). In brachytherapy group the lack of discomfort during sexual intercourses was also more often in active arm (respectively 55% vs 0%). In postmenopausal women reduction of symptoms associated with atrophic vaginitis was observed only in active group (respectively after 6 weeks 43% vs 0%; after 3 months 57% vs 0%). In the group of patients after ephisiotomy due to delivery the relief of discomfort during sexual intercourses was also more often in active arm respectively 94% vs 25%)., Conclusion: Cicatridine causes fast healing of cervix after gynecological procedures. It influences improvement of atrophical, inflammatory and after radiation therapy effects which improve quality of life and comfort of vagina after brachytherapy due to cervical and endometrial cancer. Cicatridine causes similar effect in vagina of post-menopausal women as locally used estrogens. Cicatridine also causes the feeling of relief and comfort in vagina after delivery as well as fast healing after episiotomy.

Objectives: The aim of the study was analysed a chance to successful radioimmunotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer as a consolidation procedure., Design: Between 2000 and 2002 we introduced 56 patients into consolidation study with radioimmunotherapy after second look laparoscopy., Materials and Methods: 17 patients during screening procedure have failed--mostly with positive CT scans (9/17). We have done 39 laparoscopies. Among 11 patients during laparoscopy we have found in 6 cases a residual disease and in 5 cases adhesions in abdomen or pelvis and this group was excluded from study. The remaining 28 patients were divided into two groups--14 in active and 14 in control arm., Results: Only 50% of patients with ovarian cancer in complete clinical remission after first line surgery and chemotherapy can be candidates to consolidation therapy. Among patients subjected to laparoscopy in 70% there was no evidence of macroscopic disease and adhesions., Conclusions: Only 50% patients in complete clinical remission after first line surgery and chemotherapy have chance to successful radioimmunotherapy.

Concentrations of two acute phase proteins: alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) and transferrin (Tf) as well as glycosylation profiles of alpha 2M and Tf were studied in sera samples from 13 patients suffering from ovarian cancer. In the observed group of patients with ovarian cancer in whom the progression of disease was noticed low concentrations of both investigated proteins were present. On the contrary, the microheterogeneity of both alpha 2M and Tf was changed towards variants of both proteins more weakly reacting with ConA, what was previously described for AGP and ACT in all chronic inflammatory conditions including cancer.

In two cases, 5 and 2.5 years after hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy (myomata uteri, bilateral endometrioid cysts and pelvic endometriosis) endometrioid carcinoma developed. Finding out the endometriosis during operation is an indication for precise removing of its residual and following careful examinations over the period of many years.