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A crescente importância da cadeia de suprimentos tem levado pesquisadores a desenvolverem um volume significativo de trabalhos sobre o tema. Ao mesmo tempo, devido ao seu recente surgimento, esse fenômeno organizacional é complexo e engloba inúmeras variáveis, tornando igualmente complexo o processo de escolha do objeto de pesquisa por pesquisadores e estudantes. Por essa razão, esse artigo tem o objetivo de proporcionar uma análise dos principais tópicos estudados em 173 artigos sobre gestão da cadeia de suprimentos publicados nos principais periódicos acadêmicos internacionais entre 2004 e 2006. Os resultados mostram que os artigos focam, principalmente, a coordenação e a troca de informações entre empresas, a configuração da produção, o design e o desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos. Além disso, também são destacadas as características de alguns dos principais periódicos internacionais. Diversos tópicos, ainda, precisam ser estudados até que a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos se solidifique como disciplina.In recent years, supply chain management has received greater attention, hence leading researchers to develop many papers on this topic. Due to its recent development, this organizational phenomenon is complex and has many variables, making the process of choosing a research topic also complex for researchers and students. Thus, this paper aims to provide an analysis of the major topics studied in over 173 papers published about supply chain management in the most important international production and operation management journals between 2004 and 2006. The results show that the major topics are coordination, information sharing between companies, production decisions, and supply chain design and performance. Many topics should also be the focus of future studies until the supply chain management becomes a discipline.

Este trabalho examina alguns modelos de otimização conhecidos da literatura para o problema de corte, e reporta uma experiência real da aplicação destes modelos numa indústria de papel e papelão (problema unidimensional) e numa indústria de móveis (problema bidimensional). Também são discutidas algumas modificações nos modelos originais para incorporar restrições práticas dos processos de corte, tais como, unidades de estoque com tamanhos e custos diferentes, tolerância na demanda de clientes, entre outras. Alguns resultados computacionais são apresentados para um exemplo real da indústria de móveis, utilizando-se um microcomputador.This work examines some well-known optimization models for the cutting stock problem and reports a real experience of their application to a corrugated paper industry (one- dimensional problem) and to a furniture industry (two-dimensional problem). It is also discussed some modifications in the original models to incorporate practical constraints of the cutting processes, such as tolerance in the customer orders, among others. Some computational results from a real example of the furniture industry are presented utilizing a micro-computer.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer um mapeamento da produção científica divulgada em importantes periódicos publicados no Brasil sobre a aplicação de Métodos de Auxílio Multicritério à Decisão (AMD) à modelagem de problemas de Planejamento e Controle da Produção. O mapeamento contemplou 32 artigos, que foram selecionados criteriosamente, tendo como base a lista de periódicos científicos oferecida no Scielo e em importantes sociedades científicas brasileiras no âmbito da Engenharia de Produção. Os resultados permitiram indicar, entre outros aspectos, os periódicos que mais publicam neste contexto, os métodos de AMD mais usados nesta interface, os setores de produção nos quais as aplicações ocorreram e os tópicos de PCP mais abordados. Também foram destacados os aspectos de PCP que ainda carecem de estudos que envolvam métodos multicritério.The objective of this study is to map the Brazilian scientific production based on Brazilian journal publications on the implementation of Multicriteria Decision Aid (MCDA) to model Production Planning and Control problems. It consisted of 32 papers that were systematically selected from journals indexed in the Scielo database and also from a list of journals suggested by major Brazilian Industrial Engineering research societies. The results revealed, among other aspects, the journals that publish the most on this topic, the most often used MCDA methods in this interface, the production sectors in which the applications took place, and the most commonly discussed PPC topics. This paper also highlights the PPC aspects that need further research including MCDA methods.

Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica (82 artigos) sobre a Manufatura Enxuta (ME), revisão esta não encontrada até agora na literatura de Gestão da Produção. A partir de tal revisão propôs-se um sistema de classificação para a ME baseada em 4 parâmetros: metodologia, abrangência, princípios e capacitadores, a qual serviu para classificar e estruturar os artigos da revisão. Uma vez classificada e estruturada, a revisão bibliográfica sobre ME serviu de base para uma ampla análise do tema. Essa análise se baseou em dois pontos fundamentais: i) um estudo quantitativo das metodologias, abrangências, princípios e capacitadores utilizados nos trabalhos e ii) um estudo qualitativo dos principais assuntos e objetivos alcançados por esses trabalhos. As principais contribuições deste trabalho são: servir de base para um maior conhecimento da literatura existente atualmente sobre ME e propor sugestões de pesquisas futuras na área.This work reviews the literature on Lean Manufacturing (LM). Until now, there was no complete literature review regarding this subject in the Operations Management literature. Based on this literature review it is proposed a LM classification system based on 4 main characteristics: methodology, comprehension, principles and enablers. The system is used to classify and to organize the papers. After that a general analyses of LM is performed. The LM analyses is based on 2 main points: i) a quantitative study of the methodology, comprehension, principles and enablers within LM papers; ii) a qualitative study regarding the main subjects and goals accomplished by the papers. The main contributions of this work are to contribute for mental clarification, communication and discovering new fields for research on LM.

Este artigo apresenta um sistema para classificar e codificar trabalhos (SCCA - sistema de classificação e codificação de artigos) que relacionam o Controle da Produção (CP) e o Controle da Qualidade (CQ). O sistema de classificação é baseado em três características principais do artigo: a natureza, o foco e os objetivos. O sistema de codificação emprega a idéia básica da tecnologia de grupo (codificação de famílias de peças), utilizando uma estrutura híbrida de três dígitos para codificar as características mencionadas anteriormente. O SCCA foi criado em função da realização de um survey, o qual procurou ser o mais completo possível, contendo 45 trabalhos que relacionam o CP e o CQ. O sistema é validado por sua utilização na classificação e codificação dos trabalhos encontrados no survey. Essa classificação e codificação serve, ao mesmo tempo, como auxílio para estruturar a revisão bibliográfica e para realizar uma análise geral sobre o tema. A partir dessa análise, este artigo consegue proporcionar maior conhecimento e comunicação das pesquisas existentes atualmente que relacionam o CP e o CQ, além de sugerir novas áreas de pesquisa dentro das relações entre CP e CQ. O artigo destaca ainda a importância de estudar a relação entre CP e CQ.This work presents a system for classifying and codifying papers (PCCS - papers classification and codification system) relating Production Control (PC) and Quality Control (QC). The classification system is based on three main characteristics. These characteristics are: the nature, the focus and the goals of the article. The codification system uses the basic idea of the Group Technology (codification of the families of parts). An hybrid structure with three digits is used to codify the characteristics aforementioned. A survey, compounded by 45 papers (we tried to perform a survey the most complete as possible) was accomplished and used to create the PCCS. The system is validated through its use on the classification and codification of the papers found on survey. The classification and codification is useful to structure the literature about PC and QC and to perform a general analysis about the theme. From the analysis of these papers, using our system, a mental clarification and communication of the researches relating PC and QC is obtained. After such analysis, new research areas within the relations between PC and QC can be suggested. The paper also highlights the importance in studying the relationship between PC and QC.

Abstract This paper aims to discuss how Knowledge Management (KM) can support the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) implementation. The paper analyzes the relevant literature and explores related research opportunities, which can provide insights and assist researchers in future studies. I4.0 technologies can influence work flexibility, autonomy, job performance and innovation, but the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge, especially on the shop floor, remain dependent on employees, indicating human concerns which can be supported by KM. We conducted a literature review on KM and I4.0 on 41 papers selected from the Clarivate Web of Science Core Collection, published between 2010 and 2021. Structured summaries were developed, that lead to broad themes. Findings indicate three themes relating KM and I4.0: Technology, which explores infrastructure demands for implementation and its influence on the knowledge creation process; KM and learning, which reinforces the importance of both hard and soft skills, and indicates the need to investigate enablers factors for knowledge creation and sharing; and Worker engagement, which consider communicational, cultural and trust-related aspects for worker's development. This paper explores the I4.0 implementation and indicate concerns involving workers and the technologies adoption, which can provide insights and assist researchers in future Operations Management practices and related researches.

Abstract The offer of business process modeling methodologies is quite extensive, making it difficult for scholars in the BPM area to choose properly. In this context, this paper has the objective to present the main modeling methodologies, with applications, examples and comparisons. A systematic bibliographic survey and the comparative analysis of these notations used in the implementation of BPM projects have been carried out. According to the bibliometric analysis, the modeling notations of the business process most portrayed in the works surveyed are: BPMN, UML, EPC and IDEF. From the construction of a consistent overview that allows the comparative analysis of the methodologies, in order to select the one that suits better its specificities it can be verified that, although they share the same objective, each notation has its specific characteristics. This study has the main purpose of providing a basis for the adequate indication of the application of studies in the field, especially those destined for papers, dissertations and theses.

Abstract: This paper aims at presenting a structure of implementation of the Workload Control (WLC) approach on a commercial discrete event simulation software by comprehensively demonstrating how to construct and simulate this approach. This research was developed considering the lack of studies fully describing this implementation on this kind of software, which hinders the dissemination and use of the WLC approach by managers. Initially, the logic was developed on a dedicated and structured language and then converted to the simulation software. A detailed description of the WLC implementation contributes to the business domain by facilitating its replication and application in other manufacturing environments, reducing the project time needed to develop the base model and allowing managers and/or researchers to focus directly on the adjustments of the model to the environment being modeled. In the academic domain, this paper addresses a gap in the WLC literature concerning the lack of tutorials for simulation and the lack of information, in the existing papers, regarding the development of the computational model.

Abstract: This paper aims to understand how the interconnection between the tacit and explicit dimensions of knowledge impacts knowledge management and its degree of maturity. Knowledge management maturity is understood as the ability firms are expected to have in order to exercise (to some degree) the skills required to manage knowledge internally. Nonaka and Takeuchi (N&T) model of organizational knowledge management was applied to a sample of companies (segmented by size) from the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, by using the logic of fuzzy sets. The results have shown that small and medium companies have lower levels of knowledge management maturity when compared to large companies. However, in large companies, knowledge management is at medium levels. In this context, this paper suggests, as management guidelines, that companies measure their professionals' perception regarding the company level of knowledge management, pursuing to identify which of their components should be developed.

Abstract This paper analyzes how design diffusion is changing the organizational logics of established companies. If previously design activities had as its main objective packaging new technologies to create differentials for products and services and to reduce production costs, with the diffusion of digital services currently design activities expand its scope and identify functional and emotional needs from users that are relevant for creating differentiated experiences, that in turn will result in new products and services that incorporate existing and emerging technologies of the firm. This transformation reveals a new organizational strategy, in which design assumes a more relevant position for the creation of innovative business models. However, a point not yet considered in the literature is how companies are restructuring their operations in order to benefit from this transition. This paper analyzes how Brazilian organizations of different sizes and sectors have redefined their management models in order to incorporate design as a catalyst of change. The obtained framework consolidates the main propositions of design while directing of the changes in the organizations in the operational, tactical and strategic levels.

Abstract: The recent development of advanced manufacturing concepts brings new challenges for developing countries in order to prepare their workforce and industries for local and global markets. To explore and disseminate advanced manufacturing concepts, the first autonomous advanced manufacturing cell developed in Brazil as a result of a partnership between global and local companies and academia was designed and evaluated. This paper aims to describe the advanced manufacturing cell, the equipment composing the infrastructure, and the network topology and equipment that could deal with the heterogeneity of equipment and protocol. Moreover, the behavior of the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA) communication framework (and related protocols) as the integration element between the equipment composing the cell was evaluated. The results indicated that the OPC UA communication framework promotes a low traffic overhead and can also be used to carry data from the traditional protocols in their fields without restrictions that could hinder production. The paper also discusses how the exchange of data occurred between the equipment used in the production and the control systems via the protocol studied. The OPC UA communication framework protocols presented a messaging structure and data transport characteristics that satisfy the integration needs between equipment of several manufacturers that composed an autonomous cell of advanced manufacturing. This paper also presents some key challenges to integrating all equipment not addressed by the OPC UA reference model.

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the Dynamic Capabilities (DC) from their micro-foundations (sensing, seizing, and reconfiguration) that help in sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) activities (organizational optimization, organizational transformation, and systems building) and that lead to the development of innovations in the context of higher education institutions (HEIs). This research has a descriptive and exploratory nature, developed through a case study in an HEI located in the northeast region of Brazil. The study was based on interviews with key sustainability managers within the institution and on research of institutional documents related to the subject. As a result, the existence of specific sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring microfoundations for HEIs that can enable SOI in the three levels of activities studied was verified, highlighting important relationships between them. This work contributes to the advancement of knowledge about SOI activities in HEIs by identifying the microfoundations that drive such activities and addressing a gap in studies on microfoundations of SOI dynamic capabilities and activities in higher education institutions. In practical terms, this article can serve as a basis for HEIs managers to understand what they need to do to drive SOI activities, especially in building systems for the development of innovations with social and economic impact for territories beyond institutional boundaries.

Abstract Organizations are being highly pressured to increase their competitiveness in order to deal with dynamic and turbulent markets. The development of an intelligent manufacturing system has been identified as an effective way to increase the competitiveness of enterprises. Traditional companies need models, skills, processes, and technologies to face the challenges imposed by today´s highly competitive markets, which require constant innovation. Sensing, Smart, and Sustainable (S^3) Enterprises play an important role in the digitization of strategies, decisions, and operations. They become efficient in facing the challenges intrinsic to the digital economy and intelligent manufacturing by applying the concepts of detection and monitoring, intelligence, and sustainability. The extant literature indicates the need for the development of methods and enterprise models that portray the reality of S^3 Enterprises. This paper presents an enterprise model to facilitate the formalization of S^3 Enterprises and help understand the dynamics of their operations. Applying the For Enterprise Modeling (4EM) method, this proposed enterprise model documents the goals, business rules, processes, and concepts of S^3 Enterprises. The contribution of this paper is the identification of guiding principles that allow companies interested in applying the S^3 concepts to have a basic reference mapped through perspectives of different knowledge domains.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the advancement of International Operations Management in the digital era. Theories and models that address how multinationals organize international operations were generated in the 1990s, a time when Kasra Ferdows wrote his HBR’s seminal article “Making the Most of Foreign Factories”. Despite the critiques, that simple and insightful model, a fruit of Ferdows’ experience, remains as paradigm but must now be updated to become aligned to the features of the digital world. In this theory-building paper, we disclose how Digital Transformation will change the location, coordination, and role of the organizational units that constitute the multinational’s inner international network (IIN). We first synthesize the digital trends into three statements that are contrasted with the assumptions of Ferdows’ model, leading to a new taxonomy. We then display pieces of evidence collected from the recent literature in different management fields. This article brings new perspectives for the understanding of how multinationals reorganize their operations, now and in the future, in times of deglobalization accelerated by pandemics.

Abstract: The implementation of Manufacture and Automation techniques is mandatory in the current world. Mainly, the enhancement and progress of healthcare are fundamental in wellbeing improvement. This paper points to the utilization of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 concepts oriented to the optimization of a Smart Hospital using the Hospital Emergency Department (HED) as a case study. This proposal focuses on the development of a smart Hospital-based of the IoT, Industry 4.0, Health 4.0, and other current technology. On the other hand, the use of a computational simulation tool like the Discrete Event Simulation Model (DES) will allow the test, recognition, and reduction of bottlenecks in the HED workflow. The issue given by the bottlenecks is automatically controlled using an improved dynamic shift management proposal based on control theory, forecasting methods, and telemedicine. The results show an improvement in the use of the resources and a reduction of the length of stay that directly reduces the HED mortality rate, improving the service quality. The objective of this paper is to propose a simulation tool-based on DES for a selected HED, using forecasting methods of the patients’ arrival in a HED using the Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Following the forecasted entries, a proposal for bottleneck avoidance using a HED DES was realized. The forecasting data provided useful predictive information for the improvement of the HED workflow. As well as the analyzed data of a traditional HED system is helpful to solve the overcrowding problem. Finally, the use of simulation tools allows the test and validation of novel proposals for two smart HED optimization proposals following e-Health and Hospital 4.0 principles.

Abstract This paper studies and applies queueing systems to Call Centers regarding the possibility of customer abandonment from the system before being served due to their impatience in waiting for a service. Call Centers are service organizations that predominantly serve customers via phone calls. One of the main concerns in managing them is to provide quality service at a minimum cost. Noticing the quality of services offered is expressed by customers, for example by abandonment from the queue. This paper shows that the M/M/c+G analytical queueing models with abandonment, with patience time represented by generic distributions (particularly mixed distributions), are more effective than the M/M/c+M analytical queueing models with abandonment, with Exponential patience, commonly used to evaluate congestion problems in Call Centers and support sizing and operational decisions in these systems. We conducted a study using data extracted from a Bank Call Center located in Israel and the parameters and some performance measures are determined based on this data. These sampling measures are compared with the same measures achieved by the M/M/c+M and M/M/c+G analytical queueing models considered in this research, which use parameters obtained empirically and the mixed and non-mixed distributions based on Exponential and Lognormal to represent user patience. An experimental discrete simulation model was also used to explore an alternative scenario, showing the potential of using the approaches based on analytical models with abandonment for Call Center analysis.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to design an overview about Project Management (PM) in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) by analysing the evolution of publications and the main topics since 1996 to 2016 to motivate future research that helps SMEs to apply PM practices more efficiently. This study performed bibliometrics associated with content analysis of publications collected in scientific bases Web of Science and Scopus and in the periodic International Journal of Project Management. For that, the software VOSviewer, Nvivo, Minitab, and Excel were used in the analyses. The scan of 235 papers about Project Management in SMEs supported a literature overview. Furthermore, four thematic categories are highlighted: Project Management Practices, Planning and Control Systems, Collaboration, and Knowledge Management. Moreover, it was observed that SMEs requires a lighter PM methodology, focused on people and flexible. Besides that, the results show that the main challenges involve a lack of resources and qualified people and the high turnover. However, overcoming these issues, PM can benefit growth and innovation in SMEs. Therefore, this study presents a conceptual framework of benefits and challenges in Project Management in SMEs, reducing the research gap. Furthermore, recommendations for future research, mainly in Brazil, are given.

Abstract To perform better cost management in a supply chain, it must reduce or eliminate activities that do not add value to the product or export process. Thus, this paper aims to measure the costs of a containerized cargo export process using a combination of the Supply Chain Operation Reference Framework and activity-based costing, from the perspective of an exporting company. A qualitative approach is used to identify the processes and activities that generate costs in a containerized cargo export chain and a quantitative approach is used to measure these costs, through a combination of the mentioned methods. By applying the proposed methods, it was feasible to calculate the costs of the export chain of ceramic products, while it was possible to identify these costs based on performance indicators and metrics. Thus, this work assists commercial actions, raising the costs of an export chain and trying to fill gaps in the literature.

Abstract In the alignment of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) growing importance for investments’ decisions this paper presents an index for evaluating sustainable practices of road construction companies. For assessing the sustainable practices, it was developed a hierarchical framework based on environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The practices’ themes and its respective practices were found in the literature, and were selected and validate by an expert’ panel. That resulted in 12 practices themes and the 37 most relevant practices to the road construction sector. For each practice it was established a set of indicators. For the sustainable practices index, the dimensions and practice’s themes weights were determined using the Simplified Process Hierarchical Analysis method, applied to a second experts’ panel. By linking the sustainable practices to measurable indicators, it was possible to attain an overall sustainable practices index for road construction companies. The SPC method used in this case study emphasized practices in the “social” and “environmental” dimensions, with weights of 0.459 and 0.344. The framework elaborated is practical and expeditious, which has a feasible approach to tackling main ESG issues, helping road construction companies and governments preparedness for the new demands of investors and stakeholders.

Abstract Maintenance plays an indispensable role in the productive sector of an organization. The increasing use of high-precision operations in the steel industry means that hydraulic systems demand greater attention. This study proposes an evaluation framework for analyzing the economic feasibility of insourcing hydraulic maintenance services, seeking to present tools for assisting managers in decision-making and optimizing maintenance strategies. This paper presents a cash flow study, where the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and the Profitability Index (PI) are calculated. Subsequently, the Monte Carlo method is applied to perform a sensitivity analysis for viewing the probabilities and output results. The main contribution of this study is to enable the evaluation of the results considering the economic feasibility of insourcing or outsourcing maintenance contracts through the proposed framework. In this case, the economic viability of insourcing presents a cost reduction in maintenance services. This approach suggested an industrial case study, where the use of the Monte Carlo and cash flow methods are useful tools for decision-making, contributing to the optimization of resources among industrial managers.