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Abstract This paper aims to discuss how Knowledge Management (KM) can support the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) implementation. The paper analyzes the relevant literature and explores related research opportunities, which can provide insights and assist researchers in future studies. I4.0 technologies can influence work flexibility, autonomy, job performance and innovation, but the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge, especially on the shop floor, remain dependent on employees, indicating human concerns which can be supported by KM. We conducted a literature review on KM and I4.0 on 41 papers selected from the Clarivate Web of Science Core Collection, published between 2010 and 2021. Structured summaries were developed, that lead to broad themes. Findings indicate three themes relating KM and I4.0: Technology, which explores infrastructure demands for implementation and its influence on the knowledge creation process; KM and learning, which reinforces the importance of both hard and soft skills, and indicates the need to investigate enablers factors for knowledge creation and sharing; and Worker engagement, which consider communicational, cultural and trust-related aspects for worker's development. This paper explores the I4.0 implementation and indicate concerns involving workers and the technologies adoption, which can provide insights and assist researchers in future Operations Management practices and related researches.

Abstract The offer of business process modeling methodologies is quite extensive, making it difficult for scholars in the BPM area to choose properly. In this context, this paper has the objective to present the main modeling methodologies, with applications, examples and comparisons. A systematic bibliographic survey and the comparative analysis of these notations used in the implementation of BPM projects have been carried out. According to the bibliometric analysis, the modeling notations of the business process most portrayed in the works surveyed are: BPMN, UML, EPC and IDEF. From the construction of a consistent overview that allows the comparative analysis of the methodologies, in order to select the one that suits better its specificities it can be verified that, although they share the same objective, each notation has its specific characteristics. This study has the main purpose of providing a basis for the adequate indication of the application of studies in the field, especially those destined for papers, dissertations and theses.

Abstract: This paper aims at presenting a structure of implementation of the Workload Control (WLC) approach on a commercial discrete event simulation software by comprehensively demonstrating how to construct and simulate this approach. This research was developed considering the lack of studies fully describing this implementation on this kind of software, which hinders the dissemination and use of the WLC approach by managers. Initially, the logic was developed on a dedicated and structured language and then converted to the simulation software. A detailed description of the WLC implementation contributes to the business domain by facilitating its replication and application in other manufacturing environments, reducing the project time needed to develop the base model and allowing managers and/or researchers to focus directly on the adjustments of the model to the environment being modeled. In the academic domain, this paper addresses a gap in the WLC literature concerning the lack of tutorials for simulation and the lack of information, in the existing papers, regarding the development of the computational model.

Abstract: This paper aims to understand how the interconnection between the tacit and explicit dimensions of knowledge impacts knowledge management and its degree of maturity. Knowledge management maturity is understood as the ability firms are expected to have in order to exercise (to some degree) the skills required to manage knowledge internally. Nonaka and Takeuchi (N&T) model of organizational knowledge management was applied to a sample of companies (segmented by size) from the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, by using the logic of fuzzy sets. The results have shown that small and medium companies have lower levels of knowledge management maturity when compared to large companies. However, in large companies, knowledge management is at medium levels. In this context, this paper suggests, as management guidelines, that companies measure their professionals' perception regarding the company level of knowledge management, pursuing to identify which of their components should be developed.

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the Dynamic Capabilities (DC) from their micro-foundations (sensing, seizing, and reconfiguration) that help in sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) activities (organizational optimization, organizational transformation, and systems building) and that lead to the development of innovations in the context of higher education institutions (HEIs). This research has a descriptive and exploratory nature, developed through a case study in an HEI located in the northeast region of Brazil. The study was based on interviews with key sustainability managers within the institution and on research of institutional documents related to the subject. As a result, the existence of specific sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring microfoundations for HEIs that can enable SOI in the three levels of activities studied was verified, highlighting important relationships between them. This work contributes to the advancement of knowledge about SOI activities in HEIs by identifying the microfoundations that drive such activities and addressing a gap in studies on microfoundations of SOI dynamic capabilities and activities in higher education institutions. In practical terms, this article can serve as a basis for HEIs managers to understand what they need to do to drive SOI activities, especially in building systems for the development of innovations with social and economic impact for territories beyond institutional boundaries.

Abstract To perform better cost management in a supply chain, it must reduce or eliminate activities that do not add value to the product or export process. Thus, this paper aims to measure the costs of a containerized cargo export process using a combination of the Supply Chain Operation Reference Framework and activity-based costing, from the perspective of an exporting company. A qualitative approach is used to identify the processes and activities that generate costs in a containerized cargo export chain and a quantitative approach is used to measure these costs, through a combination of the mentioned methods. By applying the proposed methods, it was feasible to calculate the costs of the export chain of ceramic products, while it was possible to identify these costs based on performance indicators and metrics. Thus, this work assists commercial actions, raising the costs of an export chain and trying to fill gaps in the literature.

Abstract In the alignment of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) growing importance for investments’ decisions this paper presents an index for evaluating sustainable practices of road construction companies. For assessing the sustainable practices, it was developed a hierarchical framework based on environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The practices’ themes and its respective practices were found in the literature, and were selected and validate by an expert’ panel. That resulted in 12 practices themes and the 37 most relevant practices to the road construction sector. For each practice it was established a set of indicators. For the sustainable practices index, the dimensions and practice’s themes weights were determined using the Simplified Process Hierarchical Analysis method, applied to a second experts’ panel. By linking the sustainable practices to measurable indicators, it was possible to attain an overall sustainable practices index for road construction companies. The SPC method used in this case study emphasized practices in the “social” and “environmental” dimensions, with weights of 0.459 and 0.344. The framework elaborated is practical and expeditious, which has a feasible approach to tackling main ESG issues, helping road construction companies and governments preparedness for the new demands of investors and stakeholders.

Abstract Maintenance plays an indispensable role in the productive sector of an organization. The increasing use of high-precision operations in the steel industry means that hydraulic systems demand greater attention. This study proposes an evaluation framework for analyzing the economic feasibility of insourcing hydraulic maintenance services, seeking to present tools for assisting managers in decision-making and optimizing maintenance strategies. This paper presents a cash flow study, where the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and the Profitability Index (PI) are calculated. Subsequently, the Monte Carlo method is applied to perform a sensitivity analysis for viewing the probabilities and output results. The main contribution of this study is to enable the evaluation of the results considering the economic feasibility of insourcing or outsourcing maintenance contracts through the proposed framework. In this case, the economic viability of insourcing presents a cost reduction in maintenance services. This approach suggested an industrial case study, where the use of the Monte Carlo and cash flow methods are useful tools for decision-making, contributing to the optimization of resources among industrial managers.

Abstract This paper investigated the existence of contagion between S&P500 and FTSE100 stock indexes, the two major stock exchange markets in the world, due to Brexit. Brexit caused a wave of volatility in international financial markets and the immediate reaction in US market has brought instability among investors, who remained cautious regarding the unexpected unfolds over the global economy. Dynamic conditional correlation model (DCC GARCH) was applied to analyze the shift-contagion phenomenon in the time series data. The results showed that there was no evidence of shift-contagion between the two markets during the Brexit period. It was possible to observe a moderate increase in the conditional correlation during the month of the Brexit referendum, which may be due to the high interdependence between the two asset markets.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate trade unionists leaders' perspective on Industry 4.0. Questionnaires and interviews were carried out. Two conclusions were pointed out: a fragmented understanding of the concept and the low participation of workers in the implementation process. Looking forward to a just transition, the improvement of either the conceptual grasp and the workers' participation are necessary.

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the financial intermediation market practiced by Autonomous Investment Agents (AIAs) and to identify links between large international asset managers and investors from inland regions of the country. The research is linked to studies of economic sociology and finance that deal with financialization, a process in which financial groups have organized economies and explored innovations such as Exchange Traded Funds – ETFs, contributed to the expansion of asset loans and stock buyback programs, leading to implications for companies and societies. This is an exploratory study that combines historical perspectives, documental analysis, content analysis and a case study. Interviews were conducted with representatives of AIAs companies and the Brazilian Association of Autonomous Investment Agents (ABAAI in Portuguese). In inland municipalities, AIAs aim to reach local elites, "private" customers of traditional banks, expanding the provision of financial services on digital platforms. Considering the proposal to offer Financial Education to clients, AIAs spread the dominant financial culture and innovations such as ETFs. Professionals and AIAs offices in the inland municipalities complement the necessary resources to AIAs companies and partner brokers to access these markets.

Abstract This paper analyzed the level of adoption and compared characteristics of adopters and non-adopters of Industry 4.0 technologies. Primary data for the year 2021 were collected by means of a structured questionnaire applied to 30 small and medium-sized companies of the metallurgical sector, who operate with machining processes, in the state of São Paulo. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical measures and correlation estimates. The technologies adopted by the companies in the sample were: Cloud Computing (10 companies), Horizontal and Vertical Integration Systems (5 companies), Big Data (4 companies) and Industrial Internet of Things (4 companies). The comparative analysis between the characteristics of adopters and non-adopters showed that: (I) adopters have, much more frequently, employees with ICT capabilities and also more frequently hire ICT consulting services; (II) the use of ERP and MRP systems is much higher among companies that adopt Industry 4.0 technologies; (III) adopters participate more frequently in cooperation programs with Universities, Science and Technology Institutes or Research and Technological Development Promotion Agencies; (IV) companies that adopt 4.0 technologies have a greater perception of relative advantage and compatibility of these technologies.

Abstract The main objective of this study was to explore and analyze the recent scientific production on sustainability in the fashion retail sector. The methodology was based on a literature review and bibliometric analysis of the last 12 years of peer-reviewed published papers on the topic. The results illustrated an increase in publications in 2017 and 2018, with large participation from countries such as the United States and China. The findings covered a broad diversity of topics related to fashion retail such as: slow fashion, fast fashion, sustainability in the supply chain, sustainable production and consumption of textile products, and the main barriers, benefits, and trends for this sector in a near future. Due to the increase of negative social and environmental impacts in the last decades more studies related to sustainability practices to be adopted by this sector are required to identify potential alternative solutions for the problem. We did a list with the 55 most important practices to promote sustainability in fashion retail.

Abstract: This research presents a systematized literature review to identify the main critical success factors (CSFs) that influence startups’ competitiveness. Considering that aspects related to competitiveness should be the target of organizations, especially early-stage companies, this paper identifies a broad of factors regarding startups’ competitiveness. A total of 36 articles were selected in Scopus and Web of Science databases and an in-depth bibliometric analysis of the corpus was performed using the VOSviewer software. 25 CSFs that influence startups’ competitiveness were identified and categorized into three fundamental points of view (FPVs), namely: organizational, human, and environmental. Organizational FPV covers factors that define the internal characteristics of startups. Human FPV, in turn, consists of characteristics of human capital, while the Environmental FPV refers to external factors and the startup context. This work could help practitioners and policymakers by enlightening them about startups’ competitiveness and the elements involved therein, along with providing them with a robust conceptual framework.

Abstract: Advancements in production technologies and materials have facilitated the use of additive manufacturing (AM) (i.e., 3D printing) in the large-scale production of finished products with high level of customization, simplification of the factory floor, and fast delivery. Production sequencing is a well-established topic in this research area; however, its application to an AM environment suffers from specific issues that are yet to be explored. This paper presents a systematic literature review for mapping the state-of-the-art production sequencing methods in AM and for discussing the content of 26 articles published in magazines between 2017–2020. The main mathematical models, algorithms adopted for their solution, and main characteristics of computational experiments performed in these articles are identified; the results indicate that some characteristics of the problem can still be included in these models, such as the possibility of outsourcing and technology restrictions, which are yet to be explored in the literature. Further, authors observed the need for more robust computational experiments to better evaluate the proposed solutions.

Abstract In order to measure the impact of the economic growth over the years, the sustainable development concept works to balance three pillars of sustainability - economic, social and environmental. This paper has the objective to compare emerging countries (BRICS) with the most developed countries (G7) by analysing sustainable development. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used, thorugh the variant SBM (Slacks Based Measured) model. The inputs were CO2 emission, percentage of unemployed and energy utilization. GDP and life expectancy at birth were used as outputs. The main result was a global average efficency ranking, having the emerging countries in top positions (India, China and Brazil, respectively). In addition, emerging countries have always stood out in the average of the slacks of each analyzed variable. These results are important in terms of being useful for public policies related to sustainable development, especially: (1) to contribute to the discussions related to evaluating the countries, helping to identify those with the best practices with regard to environmental, social and economic aspects in each group; and (2) to guide policy decisions regarding government incentives to promote the development of efficient countries in terms of economic growth and welfare social without harming the environment.

Abstract Despite the proliferation as well as great advances in the development of dynamic models applied to project management, research that applies system dynamics principles to program management does not seem to be as fertile. The objective of this paper is to obtain a more accurate vision of how the system dynamics theory is being used in the development of the program management field. The bibliometric-qualitative study confirms there is a robust use of system dynamics tools in the project management area, with a wide range of applications as well as solid results. The study, however, also shows that for programs, despite a noticeable increase regarding the interest in program management by organizations, clearly there is much less research uniting program management and system dynamics. More importantly, some dynamic models are being used to improve the performance of programs, however, few studies take into consideration the specific variables from program management. Thus, we conclude that current research on these two topics can only be viewed as fragmented and in its early stages, offering ample room for improvement.

Abstract: Theory of Constraints (TOC) states that every system has a single constraint that limits its performance, on which improvement efforts should be concentrated. This paper compared, through computer simulation, several methods of identifying the capacity-constrained resource in the perspective of a process of continuous improvement. Six make-to-stock (MTS) production line configurations managed by the Simplified Drum-Buffer-Rope (S-DBR) system were simulated, in which six improvement methods were applied, three of them based on the TOC literature, and their performance measured and compared in terms of cycle time and order fill rate. The results showed that, in balanced systems, improvements spread over all resources allowed better results, because, in this case, it is necessary to improve everything to benefit the overall performance. In unbalanced environments, on the other hand, the three methods recommended by TOC, which recommend efforts concentrated on the weakest point of the system, achieved superior performance, with emphasis on the strategy based on the level of utilization. In addition to advancing the frontiers of knowledge in continuous improvement and TOC, the research results show that managers should focus their attention on the resource with the highest degree of utilization to get better and faster performance gains.

Abstract: This paper investigates the existence of uncertainties in different wind power commercialization contracts in Brazil and their correlation with the Real Options associated with unmitigated risks in the Back up Energy and New Energy contracts. From a documentary review of existing contracts from 2009 to 2018, it was found that the Real Options on New Energy contracts are more susceptible to market uncertainties related to energy price in the short-term market. The Real Options associated with risks not mitigated in Back up Energy contracts are more linked to uncertainties regarding the power generation efficiency and the project plant expansion capacity in order to generate the anticipation of its supply.

Abstract: The shortage of funding, the challenging assessment of aid needs, and the lack of transportation systems for the rescue and care of victims represent major constraints to disaster response operations. In order to improve logistical performance in these conditions, including remote and large areas, this paper proposes a formal mathematical model to assist air transport planning, using helicopters, for large-scale disasters, considering multiple deposit systems, multiples vehicles and multiple products, implemented in AIMMS to evaluate its performance. To achieve the objectives, a literature review is conducted to understand the ways in which helicopters are used in aid operations and to identify key steps in decision making and modeling processes. In the end, a hypothetical scenario is created with similar characteristics from the records of earthquake response operations that hit Haiti in 2010 for consolidation and validation of the procedure.

Abstract: With the purpose of identifying the state-of-the-art in the literature, on the theme of Green Information Technology, or simply Green IT, this study presents a bibliometric review about it. Following a research protocol, 171 papers published between the years 2007 to 2020 were selected, providing an overview or are focused on a particular aspect of Green IT. As the main results of this theoretical production, research highlighted that most of the literature on Green IT is based on analyzes at the organizational level. The surveys and theoretical frameworks that consider the environmental aspects of Green IT stand out. Among the empirical studies, investigations related to organizational motivations and the role of corporate social responsibility in the adoption of Green IT prevail. Behavioral factors linked to cognitive aspects that provide a preliminary view on the diffusion status and maturity of the Green IT also emerge among field studies. It should be noted that most studies were conducted in developed countries, that is, countries where technology is more widespread. Among the main managerial implications of the research, it was evident that the need for greater energy efficiency and, consequently, cost savings in IT operations, are the main factors for the adoption of Green IT.

Abstract: This paper aims to compare different models to support decision making in production planning (and, consequently, in sales and inventory), in an environment where product demands are variable and uncertain, it is possible to produce at normal hours and overtime, loss of sales is consequence of stockouts, there is limit to internal storage, with possible and more expensive external storage, and ordering costs are non-negligible. At first, we present a linear and deterministic model, with known demand and without shortage. In the second model, safety stocks are calculated to meet a probabilistic demand, but it is not yet considered the possibility of shortage. The third model includes shortage calculation as a consequence from demand uncertainty. The last two models use an iterative process to re-estimate the unit cost of storage, needed to calculate safety stocks in each period of the planning horizon. The models were implemented in MSExcel, making use of linear programming and search functions available in the software. As the original problem, data of the examples are based on real companies. The study allows concluding that, in the problem analyzed, linear models, simpler and faster to execute, may be sufficient to support good decisions.

Abstract: Multivariate control charts are essential tools in multivariate statistical process control (MSPC). “Shewhart-type” charts are control charts using rational subgroupings which are effective in the detection of large shifts. Recently, the one-class classification problem has attracted a lot of interest. Three methods are typically used to solve this type of classification problem. These methods include the k−center method, the nearest neighbor method, one-class support vector machine (OCSVM), and the support vector data description (SVDD). In industrial applications, like statistical process control (SPC), practitioners successfully used SVDD to detect anomalies or outliers in the process. In this paper, we reformulate the standard support vector data description and derive a least squares version of the method. This least-squares support vector data description (LS-SVDD) is used to design a control chart for monitoring the mean vector of processes. We compare the performance of the LS-SVDD chart with the SVDD and T2 chart using out-of-control Average Run Length (ARL) as the performance metric. The experimental results indicate that the proposed control chart has very good performance.

Abstract Urban solid waste management is a complex system due to the many variables that compose it, which makes it difficult for managers to make decisions. Among the decision-making tools is system dynamics. To identify the gaps between the literature and the studies about urban solid waste management by using system dynamics method, a survey of published papers on the subject was made, which were later analyzed using some defined criteria, such as the level of the study, the software used for modeling, the variables included in the model, among others. The research identified that, among the stages of solid waste management, the collection process is still little incorporated in the models, being mentioned in only nine studies analyzed. Besides, the environmental, financial and institutional requirements were not adequately explored in the models. Future research should endeavor to include these elements in the models, which will allow the proposed system to be approximated to the complex reality of solid waste management.

Abstract Sensing networks provide nowadays massive amounts of data that in many applications provide information about curves, surfaces and vary over a continuum, usually time, and thus, can be suitably modelled as functional data. Their proper modelling by means of functional data analysis approaches naturally addresses new challenges also arising in the statistical process monitoring (SPM). Motivated by an industrial application, the objective of the present paper is to provide the reader with a very transparent set of steps for the SPM of functional data in real-world case studies: i) identifying a finite dimensional model for the functional data, based on functional principal component analysis; ii) estimating the unknown parameters; iii) designing control charts on the estimated parameters, in a nonparametric framework. The proposed SPM procedure is applied to a real-case study from the maritime field in monitoring CO2 emissions from real navigation data of a roll-on/roll-off passenger cruise ship, i.e., a ship designed to carry both passengers and wheeled vehicles that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels. We show different scenarios highlighting clear and interpretable indications that can be extracted from the data set and support the detection of anomalous voyages.

Abstract: Marcucci (1985) proposed a chi square goodness of fit statistic based generalized p-chart for multinomial process monitoring. A chi square distribution quantile was considered as a control chart limit. A weighted chi square goodness of fit statistic-based control chart is proposed for multinomial process monitoring in this paper, where more important weights are advocated to poor quality categories. The statistic distribution is approximated by a well-known linear combination of chi squares distribution. The approximation is assessed through a simulation, an extreme percentile of the approximated distribution is used as an upper control chart limit and a comparison is carried out with a chi square goodness of fit statistic-based control chart. The average run length is used as a benchmark and the comparison is performed using simulations considering two process shifts scenarios. Under some restrictions, the weighted statistic-based control chart allows an earlier detection of process shift in case of deterioration and postpones out of control signals in case of improvement. This benefit is clearer when the process is improved by a decrease in the poor quality probability category and an increase in the best quality category probability.

Abstract: The creation of a management system to systematically promote innovation is a great challenge for large companies. Some authors argue for the creation of a dedicated organizational function (the Innovation Function – IF) to guide this system. This paper aims to understand how a large company builds an Innovation Function from a longitudinal and retrospective case study. Some aspects regarding the emergence of the IF, its organizational structure evolution, and changes on its team’s scope of action are discussed. The main results highlight the importance of key actors for IF’s recognition by the organization, serving as connecting mediators to other functions and external agents. Besides that, specific competence accumulation, gradual legitimacy acquisition, and project intermediary results enabled the team to deal with radical innovation projects over time.

Abstract: Intensive cargo movement in urban areas generates many vehicles in city centers. As a result, there are congestions increase and intensification of freight transport distribution system challenges. To overcome the difficulties, local traffic rules and restrictions for heavy vehicles are established, but they have an impact on carriers and shopkeepers activities, parcel little heard by surveys. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the difficulties in the receipt of goods in Niterói center, under the view of retailers. The data collected by survey in the study were evaluated trough descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. The major impasses found were the lack of available places for unloading and intense traffic, and for logistical challenges non-opening to overnight delivery and security level in the receiving periods, due to the urban violence.