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Objectives: On 5th September 2022, an Ms 6.8 earthquake struck the Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. This earthquake triggered extensive geological hazards in the moun‐ tainous area, leading to serious casualties. Rapidly and accurately obtaining the spatial distribution of the in‐ duced geological hazards is crucial for emergency decision-making and rescue after an earthquake. Methods: Based on the global coseismic landslide database and deep learning algorithm, this paper built a near real-time prediction model of spatial distribution probability of coseismic landslides, and obtained the prediction results of the geological hazards induced by the Luding earthquake within 2 hours after the event. Through the post-earthquake unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） and satellite remote sensing images, ma‐ chine learning and deep learning algorithms were used to realize the automated recognition of large-scale geological hazards. A total of 3 633 earthquake-induced landslides with an area of 13.78 km2 were interpreted. Finally, the model was optimized by integrating these landslide data, and the prediction results of coseismic landslides with a broader area and higher accuracy were achieved. Results: The results show that the coseis‐ mic landslide prediction model can realize a rapid capture of spatial distribution of post-earthquake geologi‐ cal hazards, filling the blank period before the acquisition of post-earthquake remote sensing images and providing support for post-disaster emergency rescue. Conclusions: Intelligent identification technologies based on UAV and satellite remote sensing images are effective means to rapidly obtain the vital informa‐ tion of large-scale geological hazards. The achievements obtained in this paper played an important role in the emergency rescue after the Luding earthquake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore building education capacity to improve disaster management in public awareness. We can improve public awareness of disaster risks through public education on landslide disasters. The current education in disaster courses is mainly aimed at students and ambulance personnel. Those education methods focus on textbook teaching and professional training, and the contents are too professional. There is no effective communication channel between educators and the public. Thus, this paper proposes a visual representation method of landslide disasters for public education. We prepared a concept map to organize and represent bits of knowledge of landslide, instantiating nodes of concept map as animation, then used animation to publicize. The landslide on June 24, 2017 in Diexi, Maoxian was selected to conduct a case test analysis. One short animation created by the method and one brief disaster report summarized by that animation is produced for a questionnaire. We collected and analyzed the results of the questionnaire. The results show that people tend to learn about landslides by watching animation, and they answer more questions correctly in the questionnaire after watching animation than reading the report. So the proposed method in this paper can effectively construct the visual content of landslide disaster knowledge and quickly help the public understand the landslide disaster knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The construction of disaster reduction system plays an important role in scientific disaster prevention and reduction. Considering that the monolith architecture is difficult to meet the requirements of current disaster prevention and reduction, this paper designs an integrated disaster reduction intelligent service system framework that combines the micro-service architecture and middle platform concept together. Methods: Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of the micro-service architecture, middle platform concept, as well as the concept and demand of comprehensive integrated disaster reduction intelligent service system, the advantages of using middle platform and micro-service architecture to build the disaster reduction system are summarized, which are high scalability, high fault tolerance, high cohesion, low coupling and so on. Secondly, a system architecture is designed based on middle platform concept. The system architecture is divided into 4 layers which are application system layer, middle platform layer, micro-service layer, and infrastructure layer. We detail the modules and functions of the middle platform, which can improve the development efficiency, reusability, responsiveness and stability of system. Then the implementation path of system based on micro-service architecture is introduced. Results: By implying the above architecture, a geographic information service platform for emergencies in Tibet Autonomous Region is build. The construction path and the main function of the system is introduced, it can not only provide basic functions such as map calculation, query, point of interest(POI) selection, but also provide emergency analysis models including path analysis, shelter location analysis, hazardous area analysis and so on, in addition, a portable system based on mobile phone is also established, which can provide basis browsing, comprehensive information query, emergency thematic information service and so on. Conclusions: The integrated disaster reduction intelligent service system is designed with the micro-service and the concept of middle platform, and by utilizing the proposed framework, this paper realizes the construction of the geographic information service platform for emergencies in Tibet Autonomous Region, which makes the constructing of disaster reduction system more efficient, flexible and practical, and this paper can partly provide reference for the construction of disaster reduction system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural disasters occur frequently and pose a huge threat to China. Disaster prevention, mitigation, and disaster relief are eternal topics of human survival and development. However, in the field of disaster relief and emergency response, the relevant data increase sharply while the critical knowledge of emergency is obviously lacking. The “data-information-knowledge” transformation capacity is insufficient to meet the urgent needs of disaster prevention and reduction. Firstly taking natural disasters as the core, and around four elements of natural disaster events, disaster emergency tasks, disaster data, and methods, this paper proposes a knowledge graph construction method by combining a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach. Then，concept layer of knowledge graph is built from top to down, and the conceptual framework is formed through ontology modeling. Data layer of knowledge graph is built from bottom to top, and the relationship between entities is established through data acquisition, knowledge extraction, fusion, and storage. Finally, a flood disaster emergency knowledge graph is built to verify the validity of the proposed method. The concept layer in flood disaster emergency knowledge graph defines the conceptual levels, the attributes and the semantic relationships of flood disaster events, disaster emergency tasks, disaster data, and methods. The data layer in flood disaster emergency knowledge graph realizes the extraction of entities and relationships from multi-source data. After the knowledge fusion process, 3 054 nodes and 12 689 relationship edges are obtained and stored in the Neo4j graph database. The flood disaster emergency knowledge graph realizes the transformation from multi-source data to interrelated knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we evaluate regional geological environment stability of the Three Gorges area quantitatively, using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and gravity continuous observation data, combined with hydrological meteorological and topographic data. The results are based on quantitatively detecting the influence of some environmental factors on the geological stability of different sites. We find out that geological environment of the Three Gorges reservoir area is generally stable, and the stability of the geological environment in the lower reaches of the Three Gorges Dam is generally good. However, there are 5 to 6 weak geological environment areas, with different shapes and areas along the Yangtze River in the Zigui-Yunyang section of the Yangtze River. There are also some areas with weak geological stability in Fang County and Zhenping County, outside the Three Gorges reservoir area. The quantitative evaluation method and results have important reference value for regional geological environment assessment and geological disaster prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speed is key to prevent and control major public health emergencies. For an efficient management, time, data, information, and resources are important factors. This paper summarizes the challenges in China’s response to the coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19）， and proposes an integration of vertical system and horizontal system, based on the idea of“let data run more, rely on accurate information, and outperform viruses with electromagnetic waves ”. Through all the analyses, we provide suggestions on improving China’s digital public health emergency management system for scientific and technological strategies, and they include: (1) establishing a standardized data epidemic information collection system to dynamically sense public sentiment; (2) building a public health big data center with a unified spatiotemporal benchmark to achieve cross regional and cross industry data aggregation, fusion, and sharing; (3) strengthening artificial intelligence technology for epidemic monitoring, forecasting, and risk research, and improving management accuracy and screening efficiency; (4) developing situation deduction and optimizing regulatory computing technology and services scientific dispatch and emergency command; (5) improving operating system mechanisms to ensure normal, safe and stable operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pre-failure evolution of landslides is of great value for the analysis of landslide triggering factors and post-disaster stability assessment. At present, optical images are commonly employed to ana⁃ lyze the pre-failure evolution, but it is well-known that their data availability could be highly limited due to the presence of clouds. With the advance in radar remote sensing and interferometric synthetic aperture radar(InSAR), it could provide a new technical approach for landslide pre-failure detection. In this paper, the 2018 Nanyu landslide in Gansu Province is utilized to demonstrate the capability of InSAR to trace its pre-failure surface displacements using European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 radar data with a temporal interval of 12 days in different tracks. The results show that the landslide began to deform in June of 2017, and the maximum cumulative deformation reached up to 77 mm in the 13 months before the occurrence of the landslide. The time series InSAR derive displacements and the rainfall data is consistent, suggesting that the rainfall should be one of the triggering factors for the landslide. The study demonstrates the potential of radar interferometry for landslide detection, which can provide insights on landslide triggering factors, landslide disaster prevention and mitigation, and even landslide monitoring and early warning work in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese small satellite constellation (abbreviated HJ constellation) is special for environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting. The satellites HJ-1 A/B have the feature of wide coverage, which can be widely used in the ecological environment and disaster monitoring. The traditional positioning model can't get ideal accuracy because of the CCD feature of wide coverage. It has significant error in CCD linear array direction. The reason is that the error factors changing with the field of view are not taken into count. Therefore, camera distortion model of CCD camera is considered and improved distortion model based on polynomial is used for image positioning in this thesis. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed algorithm improves the RMSE in CCD linear array direction is obviously reduced. The improved method has great significance to improve the positioning accuracy of HJ-1 CCD image and promote the use of domestic wide coverage satellite images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]