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Abstract: Since the proposition in 1975 of the European Neogene Mammal (MN) scale by Pierre Mein, the amount of taxonomical, stratigraphical and chronological information around Europe has increased exponentially. In this paper, the stratigraphical schemes of three of the best studied areas for the Lower and Middle Miocene, the Aragonian type area in Spain and the Upper Freshwater Molasse from the North Alpine Foreland Basin in Switzerland and Bavaria, are compared. The correlation of their local biostratigraphies are discussed. Sixteen rodent''s events are studied and ranked in the three areas according to their local biostratigraphy. This study shows, and quantifies for the first time, the significant asynchronies of the different included rodent events. The MN-system is discussed in the light of those results. In accordance, we propose that it is still useful but only in a biochronological way, as a sequence of time-ordered reference localities allowing coarse long-distance correlations. In order to obtain better temporal resolution, this system has to be combined with local biostratigraphies that are well calibrated to the time scale, implementing the information about synchrony and diachrony of mammal events in different areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper we report on the results of a paleontological and paleomagnetic sampling carried out in the Miocene of the central Ebro Basin. It includes the sections of Albalatillo, Lanaja, La Almolda and San Caprasio in the Sierra de Alcubierre, which delivered six new micromammal levels ranging from the MN3 to MN5 mammal units. The magnetobiostratigraphic study of the Sierra de Alcubierre enables one to shed light on the chronology of the Early to Middle Miocene European mammal biozonation (e.g., the Ramblian-Aragonian boundary). As a result, the first occurrence of the “Miocene Cricetids” and, therefore, the lower boundary of MN4 – zone B, is set back to the lower part of chron C5Cr, thus reducing significantly the supposed discrepancy of the First Occurrence of Democricetodon in the Swiss Molasse and the Aragonian type-section. Another significant result is the persistence of Vasseuromys in the Ebro Basin up to the Middle Miocene (MN5). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The Piacenzian section of Campore (Northern Italy) has been used to determine the paleoecological significance of the muddy upper bathyal mollusc associations of the Mediterranean Pliocene. By employing computer-based strategies (cluster and rarefaction analyses) a Korobkovia oblonga–Jupiteria concava paleocommunity type ( KJ pt) has been defined. The KJ pt comprises a mosaic of local paleocommunities and paleocommunities whose taxonomic and trophic structures are mainly controlled by oxygen content, sediment accumulation rate, turbidity, and trophic resources. Comparison with mollusc coenoclines recognized in Northern Italy (Rio Merli and River Reno sections) suggests that the KJ pt is bracketed between the deepest muddy circalittoral paleocommunities and the deeper bathyal Bathyspinula excisa–Austrotindaria pusio unit (preliminarily described for the Rio Merli section). The KJ pt is very common in Northern Italy outcrops even though reported by previous authors with different names. We interpret this paleocommunity, which does not go beyond the Middle Pliocene, as the last evidence of an upper bathyal environment in the Neogene climatic-oceanographic regime of the Mediterranean. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]