1. Cloning and characterization of GITR ligand
- Author
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J S Bae, Dass S. Vinay, Jung Dae Kim, Byoung S. Kwon, I S Han, B K Choi, U H Lee, Hyeon Woo Lee, and B S Youn
- Subjects
DNA, Complementary ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Immunology ,Gene Expression ,Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor ,Biology ,Ligands ,Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ,Mice ,Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related Protein ,Gene expression ,Suppressor Factors, Immunologic ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Lymphocytes ,IL-2 receptor ,Luciferases ,Genetics (clinical) ,DNA Primers ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,HEK 293 cells ,NF-kappa B ,Dendritic Cells ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Dendritic cell ,Flow Cytometry ,NFKB1 ,Molecular biology ,Recombinant Proteins ,Gene Components ,Membrane protein ,Tumor Necrosis Factors ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Carrier Proteins ,Plasmids - Abstract
The gene encoding the natural ligand of murine glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) was cloned and characterized. The putative GITR ligand (GITRL) is composed of 173 amino acids with features resembling those of type II membrane proteins and is 51% identical to the human activation-inducible TNF receptor (AITR) ligand, TL6. Expression of the GITRL is restricted to immature and mature splenic dendritic cells. GITRL binds GITR expressed on HEK 293 cells and triggers NF-kappaB activation. Functional studies reveal that soluble CD8-GITRL prevents CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell-mediated suppressive activities.
- Published
- 2003
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