1. Identification of a novel CCM2 gene mutation in an Italian family with multiple cerebral cavernous malformations and epilepsy: A causative mutation?
- Author
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Marco Calabrò, Rosalia D'Angelo, Mario Fratta, Concetta Scimone, Antonina Sidoti, and Carla Schettino
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System ,RNA Splicing ,Gene mutation ,Biology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,White People ,Frameshift mutation ,Exon ,Epilepsy ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Sequence Deletion ,Mutation ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Exons ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Penetrance ,Stop codon ,Cerebral cavernous malformations Epilepsy Real-time RT-PCR mRNA decay Haploinsufficiency Two-hit model ,Pedigree ,Phenotype ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Italy ,Female ,Carrier Proteins ,Haploinsufficiency ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length - Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs; OMIM 116860) are vascular anomalies mostly located in the central nervous system (CNS) and occasionally within the skin and retina. Main clinical manifestations are seizure, hemorrhage, recurrent headaches, focal neurological deficits and epileptic attacks. The CCMs can occur as sporadic or autosomal dominant conditions, although with incomplete penetrance and variable clinical expression. Familial CCMs were associated with causative mutations in the CCM1 [K-Rev interaction trapped 1 (KRIT1)], CCM2 (MGC4607) and CCM3 (PDCD10) genes. This study reports the identification of a previously undescribed deletion mutation in CCM2 gene exon 5, in an Italian family with multiple cerebral cavernous malformations and epilepsy. Mutation c.502_503delAG results in a frame shift causing a TGA stop codon. This truncates the mutant CCM2 gene protein, the malcavernin, to 233 amino acids, respect to 444 amino acids of the wild-type malcavernin. By using real-time RT-PCR, we have found that the mRNA resulting from two nucleotides deletion showed a 70% reduction relative to the wild-type transcript, indicating that it may be subject to a degradation mechanism such as nonsense-mediated decay (NMD).
- Published
- 2013
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