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Objective: Ischemia is characterized by an inadequate supply of nutrients and oxygen due to reduced blood circulation to specific tissues or organs. Reperfusion injury refers to the detrimental effects of abrupt exposure of the ischemic tissue to elevated oxygen levels and subsequent generation of reactive oxygen derivatives inside the tissue. In surgical procedures characterized by frequent occurrences of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), such as transplant and cardiovascular surgery, it is crucial to prioritize the preservation of tissue integrity and mitigation of associated damage. In this study, we formulated a hypothesis suggesting that carvacrol (Car), an aromatic hydrocarbon present in some plant species, might decrease I/R injury by implication of its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory functions. Methods: We planned our study with 18 rats, randomly divided into three groups: control group, I/R group, and I/R + Car group. In the control group, laparotomy was performed only, and blood and lower limb muscle tissue samples were taken. In the I/R group, after laparotomy, lower extremity ischemia is achieved for 60 min, and reperfusion is achieved for another 60 min. In I/R + Car, rats were administered 100 mg/kg Car via intraperitoneal injection 30 min after ischemia. Then, 60 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion were achieved. Lower limb muscle samples were examined both histologically and biochemically. We evaluated the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione-S transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT). In addition, serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels were measured. Results: Our study showed that the findings of I/R injury decreased prominently in the I/R + Car group's samples. GST, MDA, CAT, and IMA levels were significantly higher in the I/R group than in the control and I/R + Car groups. (p=0.024, p=0.010, p=0.030 and p<0.0001; respectively). Histopathological examination revealed no degeneration in the control group. Conversely, contraction, hypertrophy, nucleus degeneration, necrotic fibers, and hyalinization were observed in the I/R group. In the I/R + Car group, inflamed areas were less frequent than in the I/R group, and vascular dilatation of myofibre was noted. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the Car molecule protects against I/R injury. Therefore, we contend that more experimental cohort investigations are needed to examine the impact of the Car molecule on preventing I/R injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Esmolol has protective effects in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. The purpose of our study was to look into the effects of this which esmolol on erythrocyte deformability in rat liver IR injury model. Materials and Methods: We used 24 Wistar albino rats as subjects in our study. They were divided into 4 groups; randomized control group (group C; n=6), esmolol group 200µg/kg/min intravenously (group E; n=6), IR group (group IR; n=6) and IR group with esmolol 200µg/kg/min intravenously (group IR-E; n=6). Erythrocyte packs were prepared from heparinized blood samples and deformability measurements were performed. Results: It was discovered that ischemia reperfusion increased the relative resistance when compared to control group (p<0.0001). Erythrocyte deformibility index was found to be higher in IR and IR-E groups compared to control group (p<0.0001, p=0.002, respectively). Esmolol application decreased the erythrocyte deformibiltiy index when compared to control group (p=0.017). Conclusion: In this research, esmolol application has improved the ertyhrocyte deformibity in liver rat IR injury partially. We also found that esmolol had beneficial effects by reversing undesirable effects of IR. Further studies with larger volume are required to support our promising results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Diabates mellitus, is a chronic metabolic disorder accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a cascade of events initiated by tissue ischemia. The cellular damage produced by reperfusion leads to an active inflammatory response. This study was performed to investigate the effect of picroside II on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Methods: Animals were equally (n:6) divided for five groups as follows; Control (C), diabetes [D], diabetes+picroside II [DP], diabetes+I/R [DIR], and diabetes+I/R+ picroside II [DIRP]. In DIR group, a left anterior descending artery branch was occluded for 60 minutes, the reperfused for 120 minutes. In DIRP group, picroside II was administrated via 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal route 30 minutes before ligating the left anterior descending artery. At the end of the study, myocardial tissues were taken for total oxidant status and total antioxidant status level determinations. Results: Total oxidant status levels were significantly higher in DIR group, when compared with C, DP, and DIRP groups (p:0.001, p:0.019, and p:0.031, respectively). Total antioxidant status levels were significantly higher in DIR group, when compared with C, DP, and DIRP groups (p:0.006, p:0.024, and p:0.007, respectively). Conclusion: These results indicate that administration of picroside II may have protective effects against I/R injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]