44 results on '"Beglinger, C."'
Search Results
2. Mepolizumab, a Humanized Monoclonal Antibody to IL-5, for Severe Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Trial
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Straumann, A., primary, Conus, S., additional, Simon, H., additional, Kita, H., additional, Kephart, G., additional, Bussmann, C., additional, Beglinger, C., additional, Patel, J., additional, and Byrne, M., additional
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- 2007
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3. Further validation of the [13C]octanoic acid breath test for gastric emptying of solids
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Drewe, J., primary, Hildebrand, P., additional, Descloux, L., additional, and Beglinger, C., additional
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- 1998
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4. Recurrence of H. pylori (HP) in adults after successful eradication therapy in an area of high HP prevalence (Bangladesh)
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Rossi, L., primary, Parvin, S., additional, Azad, A.K., additional, Dhaka, Khan, additional, Hildebrand, P., additional, and Beglinger, C., additional
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- 1998
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5. Does Helicobacter status alone affect outcome of dyspeptic patients?
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Froehlich, F., primary, Schneider, C., additional, Vader, JP., additional, Burnand, B., additional, Wietlisbach, V., additional, Hildebrand, P., additional, Gyr, K., additional, Stalder, G., additional, Beglinger, C., additional, and Gonvers, J.J., additional
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- 1998
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6. Exocrine pancreatic function in patients with tropical chronic pancreatitis (TCP)
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Rossi, L., primary, Hildebrand, P., additional, Ketterer, S., additional, Beglinger, C., additional, Gyr, K., additional, Ali, L, additional, and Azad Khan, A.K., additional
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- 1998
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7. Influence of orlistat on gastric emptying rates of fats and solids in healthy subjects
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Degen, L., primary, Matzinger, D., additional, Maecke, H., additional, Lengsfeld, H., additional, and Beglinger, C., additional
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- 1998
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8. [13C]octanoic acid breath test for gastric emptying of solids: Meal-to-meal variability
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Hildebrand, P., primary, Drewe, J., additional, Degen, L.P., additional, and Beglinger, C., additional
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- 1998
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9. Clinical trial of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in acute Shigella colitis
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Bardhan, PK, primary, Islam, MR, additional, Islam, M, additional, Saha, D, additional, Beglinger, C, additional, and Gyr, N, additional
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- 1998
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10. Appropriateness of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: Randomized trial of algorithm-based versus free clinical decision
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Froehlich, F., primary, Vader, J.P., additional, Burnand, B., additional, Schneider, C., additional, Wietlisbach, V., additional, Realini, S., additional, Gyr, K., additional, Stalder, G., additional, Pache, I., additional, Beglinger, C., additional, and Gonvers, J.J., additional
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- 1998
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11. Double-blind comparison of three different amoxicillin (AMO) plus omeprazole (OME) regimens for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in patients with peptic ulcer
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Koelz, H.R., primary, Beglinger, C., additional, Inauen, W., additional, and Blum, A.L., additional
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- 1995
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12. Blockade of GRP receptors potently inhibits gastric emptying and gallbladder contraction in man
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Hildebrand, P., primary, Peng, F.P., additional, Ketterer, S., additional, Berthold, R., additional, Serrano, Y., additional, and Beglinger, C., additional
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- 1995
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13. Peptide YY inhibits low-dose but not high-dose CCK-stimulated pancreatic enzyme secretion in humans
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Grandt, D., primary, Gschossmann, J.M., additional, Schimiczek, M., additional, Beglinger, C., additional, Goebell, H., additional, and Layer, P., additional
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- 1995
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14. BIM 4004-1 is a novel PYY analog selective for Y2 receptors
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Grandt, D., primary, Beglinger, C., additional, Schimiczek, M., additional, Goebell, H., additional, and Layer, P., additional
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- 1995
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15. Natural history of primary eosinophilic esophagitis: a follow-up of 30 adult patients for up to 11.5 years
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Straumann, A., Spichtin, H.p., Grize, L., Bucher, K.A., Beglinger, C., and Simon, H.u.
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Primary eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic, increasingly recognized, interleukin 5-driven inflammatory disorder of the esophagus. The leading symptom in adults is uniform attacks of dysphagia, and the established histologic sign is a dense eosinophilic infiltration of the esophageal epithelium. Before this study, the natural course of eosinophilic esophagitis had not been defined and information regarding potential long-term risks was lacking. Methods: This prospective case series included 30 adult patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (22 men and 8 women; mean age, 40.6 years) whose diagnosis had been made >1 year before study debut based on typical history, consistent endoscopic abnormalities, and infiltration of the esophageal epithelium with >24 eosinophils/high-power field. After a mean of 7.2 years, patients underwent a comprehensive follow-up examination. Results: All patients survived the study period in good health and stable nutritional state. Dysphagia persisted in 29 patients, exerting a major negative effect on socioprofessional activities on 1 patient and a minor impact on 15. Attacks of dysphagia were more frequent in patients with blood eosinophilia or pronounced endoscopic alterations. The esophageal eosinophilic infiltration persisted in all symptomatic patients, but cell numbers spontaneously decreased significantly (78.7 vs. 40.3 cells/high-power field). The inflammatory process evoked fibrosis of the esophageal lamina propria but did not spread to the stomach or duodenum. No case evolved to a hypereosinophilic syndrome. Conclusions: Eosinophilic esophagitis, a primary and chronic disease restricted to the esophagus, leads to persistent dysphagia and structural esophageal alterations but does not impact the nutritional state. To date, no malignant potential has been associated with this disease.
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- 2003
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16. The release of pancreatic polypeptide by CCK-octapeptide and some analogues in the dog
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Dieter Gillessen, Beglinger C, G.A. Stalder, Gyr K, F. D. Meyer, W.H. Hacki, L. Varga, L. Jeker, and L. Kayasseh
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Methoxinine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Methionine ,Hepatology ,Chemistry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Gastroenterology ,Stimulation ,Radioimmunoassay ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pancreatic secretion ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Potency ,Pancreatic polypeptide ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Cholecystokinin - Abstract
In dogs with gastric and pancreatic Thomas fistulas the effect of different cholecystokinin-like peptides upon pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release was studied in three ways: (a) Plasma PP concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay in response to 135 pmol/kg/h of the synthetic C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-OP) (A), of three of its analogues (B, C, D) where methionine has been replaced by methoxinine, and in response to 45 pmol/kg/h of caerulein. The greatest rise in plasma PP concentration expressed as ΔPP was achieved with caerulein (327 ± 37 pM), when taking into account the threefold smaller dose used, followed by CCK-OP (536 ± 67 pM) and analogues B (343 ± 51 pM), C (87 ± 46 pM), and D (32 ± 15 pM). The order of potency with respect to stimulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion was the same: E and A precede B, C, and D. ΔPP correlated linearly with the pancreatic protein output (r = 0.98, p
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- 1981
17. Hydrolysis of dietary fat by pancreatic lipase stimulates cholecystokinin release
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Hildebrand, P., Petrig, C., Burckhardt, B., Ketterer, S., Lengsfeld, H., Fleury, A., Hadvary, P., and Beglinger, C.
- Abstract
Background & Aims: The hypothesis that cholecystokinin release requires adequate dietary fat digestion in the small intestine was investigated in 10 healthy volunteers, and the consequences of reduced fat hydrolysis on pancreaticobiliary secretions were assessed. Methods: Fat hydrolysis was inhibited by intraduodenal perfusion of tetrahydrolipstatin, an irreversible lipase inhibitor. An oil emulsion containing 0, 30, 60, or 120 mg tetrahydrolipstatin was perfused. After a 40-minute basal period, a test meal was eaten to stimulate cholecystokinin release and pancreaticobiliary responses. Results: In the control without tetrahydrolipstatin, lipase output increased threefold with meal ingestion and remained doubled for 4 hours. At the ligament of Treitz, free fatty acid concentration averaged 60% of total fatty acids. Increasing doses of tetrahydrolipstatin induced a dose-dependent inhibition of duodenal lipase activity (P < 0.01); 120 mg tetrahydrolipstatin eliminated the postprandial lipase peak activity, free fatty acid levels decreased to <5% of total fatty acids, and plasma cholecystokinin levels were suppressed by 77% (P < 0.01). Amylase and trypsin outputs were reduced by 77% and 59%, respectively, and bilirubin secretion was virtually abolished (P < 0.01). Conclusions: These findings show that tetrahydrolipstatin prevents triglyceride hydrolysis and that plasma cholecystokinin release, gallbladder emptying, and pancreatic enzyme secretion require adequate triglyceride digestion. These data also support the concept of negative feedback regulation of cholecystokinin secretion. GASTROENTEROLOGY 1998;114:123-129
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- 1998
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18. Acid-Stimulated Ductular Bile Flow
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Beglinger, C., primary, Whitehouse, I., additional, Fried, M., additional, and Gyr, K., additional
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- 1984
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19. The release of pancreatic polypeptide by CCK-octapeptide and some analogues in the dog
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Meyer, F.D., primary, Gyr, K., additional, Hacki, W.H., additional, Beglinger, C., additional, Jeker, L., additional, Varga, L., additional, Kayasseh, L., additional, Gillessen, D., additional, and Stalder, G.A., additional
- Published
- 1981
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20. Cephalic phase of pancreatic secretion
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Beglinger, C., primary, Gyr, K., additional, Fried, M., additional, and Whitehouse, I., additional
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- 1985
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21. Potentiation of pancreatic enzyme secretion
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Beglinger, C., primary, Gyr, K., additional, and Fried, M., additional
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- 1983
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22. Effect of gastric distension on food intake and satiety in healthy human subjects
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Matzinger, D., Degen, L., Fischer, B., Fronterotta, D., and Beglinger, C.
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- 2001
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23. Interaction of GLP-1 with gastric distension in regulating food intake and satiety in humans
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Degen, L., Matzinger, D., Fischer, B., Zimmerli, F., Knupp, M., and Beglinger, C.
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- 2001
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24. Does Helicobacterstatus aloneaffect outcome of dyspeptic patients?
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Froehlich, F., Schneider, C., Vader, JP., Burnand, B., Wietlisbach, V., Hildebrand, P., Gyr, K., Stalder, G., Beglinger, C., and Gonvers, J.J.
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- 1998
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25. Recurrence of H. pylori(HP) in adults after successful eradication therapy in an area of high HP prevalence (Bangladesh)
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Rossi, L., Parvin, S., Azad, A.K., Dhaka, Khan, Hildebrand, P., and Beglinger, C.
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- 1998
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26. Budesonide is effective in adolescent and adult patients with active eosinophilic esophagitis.
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Straumann A, Conus S, Degen L, Felder S, Kummer M, Engel H, Bussmann C, Beglinger C, Schoepfer A, and Simon HU
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- Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal, Eosinophilia pathology, Esophagitis pathology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa drug effects, Male, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Budesonide administration & dosage, Eosinophilia drug therapy, Esophagitis drug therapy, Glucocorticoids administration & dosage, Intestinal Mucosa pathology
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus characterized by dense tissue eosinophilia; it is refractory to proton pump inhibitor therapy. EoE affects all age groups but most frequently individuals between 20 and 50 years of age. Topical corticosteroids are effective in pediatric patients with EoE, but no controlled studies of corticosteroids have been reported in adult patients., Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of oral budesonide (1 mg twice daily for 15 days) in adolescent and adult patients with active EoE. Pretreatment and posttreatment disease activity was assessed clinically, endoscopically, and histologically. The primary end point was reduced mean numbers of eosinophils in the esophageal epithelium (number per high-power field [hpf] = esophageal eosinophil load). Esophageal biopsy and blood samples were analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunoassays, respectively, for biomarkers of inflammation and treatment response., Results: A 15-day course of therapy significantly decreased the number of eosinophils in the esophageal epithelium in patients given budesonide (from 68.2 to 5.5 eosinophils/hpf; P < .0001) but not in the placebo group (from 62.3 to 56.5 eosinophils/hpf; P = .48). Dysphagia scores significantly improved among patients given budesonide compared with those given placebo (5.61 vs 2.22; P < .0001). White exudates and red furrows were reversed in patients given budesonide, based on endoscopy examination. Budesonide, but not placebo, also reduced apoptosis of epithelial cells and molecular remodeling events in the esophagus; no serious adverse events were observed., Conclusions: A 15-day course of treatment with budesonide is well tolerated and highly effective in inducing a histologic and clinical remission in adolescent and adult patients with active EoE., (Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2010
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27. Endoscopist-directed administration of propofol: a worldwide safety experience.
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Rex DK, Deenadayalu VP, Eid E, Imperiale TF, Walker JA, Sandhu K, Clarke AC, Hillman LC, Horiuchi A, Cohen LB, Heuss LT, Peter S, Beglinger C, Sinnott JA, Welton T, Rofail M, Subei I, Sleven R, Jordan P, Goff J, Gerstenberger PD, Munnings H, Tagle M, Sipe BW, Wehrmann T, Di Palma JA, Occhipinti KE, Barbi E, Riphaus A, Amann ST, Tohda G, McClellan T, Thueson C, Morse J, and Meah N
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- Anesthetics, Intravenous administration & dosage, Anesthetics, Intravenous economics, Clinical Competence, Consumer Product Safety, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Global Health, Health Care Costs, Humans, Intubation, Intratracheal, Masks, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Propofol adverse effects, Propofol economics, Respiration, Artificial instrumentation, Risk Assessment, Anesthesia adverse effects, Anesthesia economics, Anesthetics, Intravenous adverse effects, Endoscopy economics, Propofol administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Endoscopist-directed propofol sedation (EDP) remains controversial. We sought to update the safety experience of EDP and estimate the cost of using anesthesia specialists for endoscopic sedation., Methods: We reviewed all published work using EDP. We contacted all endoscopists performing EDP for endoscopy that we were aware of to obtain their safety experience. These complications were available in all patients: endotracheal intubations, permanent neurologic injuries, and death., Results: A total of 646,080 (223,656 published and 422,424 unpublished) EDP cases were identified. Endotracheal intubations, permanent neurologic injuries, and deaths were 11, 0, and 4, respectively. Deaths occurred in 2 patients with pancreatic cancer, a severely handicapped patient with mental retardation, and a patient with severe cardiomyopathy. The overall number of cases requiring mask ventilation was 489 (0.1%) of 569,220 cases with data available. For sites specifying mask ventilation risk by procedure type, 185 (0.1%) of 185,245 patients and 20 (0.01%) of 142,863 patients required mask ventilation during their esophagogastroduodenoscopy or colonoscopy, respectively (P < .001). The estimated cost per life-year saved to substitute anesthesia specialists in these cases, assuming they would have prevented all deaths, was $5.3 million., Conclusions: EDP thus far has a lower mortality rate than that in published data on endoscopist-delivered benzodiazepines and opioids and a comparable rate to that in published data on general anesthesia by anesthesiologists. In the cases described here, use of anesthesia specialists to deliver propofol would have had high costs relative to any potential benefit.
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- 2009
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28. Causal relationship of Helicobacter pylori with iron-deficiency anemia or failure of iron supplementation in children.
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Sarker SA, Mahmud H, Davidsson L, Alam NH, Ahmed T, Alam N, Salam MA, Beglinger C, Gyr N, and Fuchs GJ
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- Anemia, Iron-Deficiency diet therapy, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency epidemiology, Bangladesh epidemiology, Breath Tests methods, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Helicobacter Infections epidemiology, Helicobacter Infections microbiology, Hemoglobins metabolism, Humans, Incidence, Male, Risk Factors, Treatment Failure, Urea analysis, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency etiology, Dietary Supplements, Helicobacter Infections complications, Helicobacter pylori isolation & purification, Iron, Dietary therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background & Aims: We investigated Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)-infection as a cause of iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) or treatment failure of iron supplementation., Methods: We randomized 200 Hp-infected children (positive urea breath test) 2-5 years of age with IDA (hemoglobin level <110 g/L; serum ferritin level <12 microg/L; and soluble transferrin receptor >8.3 mg/L) or ID (serum ferritin level <12 microg/L or soluble transferrin receptor level >8.3 mg/L) to 1 of 4 regimens: 2-week anti-Hp therapy (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and omeprazole) plus 90-day oral ferrous sulfate (anti-Hp plus iron), 2-week anti-Hp therapy alone, 90-day oral iron alone, or placebo. Sixty noninfected children with IDA received iron treatment as negative control., Results: Hp-infected children receiving iron had significantly less frequent treatment failure compared with those with no iron in correcting IDA (11% [95% confidence interval (CI), 2%-20%] for anti-Hp plus iron, 0% for iron alone vs 33% [95% CI, 26%-46%] for anti-Hp and 45% [95% CI, 31%-59%] for placebo; chi(2) = 127; P < .0001), ID (19% [95% CI, 8%-30%] for anti-Hp plus iron, 7% [95% CI, 0%-14%] for iron alone vs 65% [95% CI, 52%-78%] for anti-Hp alone, and 78% [95% CI, 66%-90%] for placebo; chi(2) = 124; P < .0001), or anemia (34% [95% CI, 20%-40%] for anti-Hp plus iron, 27% [95% CI, 14%-40%] for iron alone vs 65% [95% CI, 52%-78%] for anti-Hp alone and 78% [95% CI, 66%-90%] for placebo; chi(2) = 46; P < .0001). Cure rates of IDA, ID, or anemia with iron were comparable with that of the negative control group. Improvements in iron status also were significantly greater in groups with iron., Conclusions: H pylori is neither a cause of IDA/ID nor a reason for treatment failure of iron supplementation in young Bangladeshi children.
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- 2008
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29. Effect of peptide YY3-36 on food intake in humans.
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Degen L, Oesch S, Casanova M, Graf S, Ketterer S, Drewe J, and Beglinger C
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- Adult, Double-Blind Method, Feeding Behavior drug effects, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Peptide Fragments, Peptide YY adverse effects, Peptide YY blood, Placebos, Satiety Response drug effects, Appetite drug effects, Eating drug effects, Peptide YY administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Studies in animals and humans suggest a role for peptide YY (PYY3-36) in regulating satiety. The physiologic role of PYY3-36, however, has not been investigated in detail., Methods: The present study was designed to examine PYY release in response to 2 meals differing in their calorie content and to relate the plasma levels to those obtained after exogenous infusion. In a second step, the effect of graded intravenous doses (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 pmol.kg(-1).min(-1)) of synthetic human PYY3-36 on food intake was investigated in healthy male volunteers in a double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion., Results: Plasma PYY concentrations increased in response to food intake reflecting the size of the calorie load. Graded PYY3-36 infusions resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in food intake (maximal inhibition, 35%; P < .001 vs control) and a similar reduction in calorie intake (32%; P < .001). Fluid ingestion was also reduced by PYY (18% reduction; P < .01). Nausea and fullness were the most common side effects produced by PYY, especially at the highest dose. Furthermore, subjects experienced less hunger and early fullness in the premeal period during PYY3-36 infusion at the highest dose (P < .05)., Conclusions: This study shows that intravenous infusions of PYY3-36 decrease spontaneous food intake; the inhibition is, however, only significant at pharmacologic plasma concentrations. Whether PYY3-36 has a physiologic role in the regulation of satiety in humans remains to be defined.
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- 2005
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30. SPINK1/PSTI mutations are associated with tropical pancreatitis and type II diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh.
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Schneider A, Suman A, Rossi L, Barmada MM, Beglinger C, Parvin S, Sattar S, Ali L, Khan AK, Gyr N, and Whitcomb DC
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- Adult, Bangladesh epidemiology, Chronic Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Genetic Predisposition to Disease epidemiology, Humans, Pancreatitis epidemiology, Polymorphism, Genetic, Risk Factors, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Pancreatitis genetics, Point Mutation, Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic genetics
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Tropical pancreatitis, including tropical calcific pancreatitis and fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, is endemic in parts of Asia and Africa. In a preliminary study, we found serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) mutations in 6 of 8 patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes in Bangladesh. A more extensive investigation of patients with pancreatic diseases in Bangladesh, including non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, was undertaken., Methods: Patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (n = 22), tropical calcific pancreatitis (n = 15), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 43) and controls (n = 76) from Bangladesh were studied. DNA was extracted, and the SPINK1 gene was sequenced in all patients and 50 controls. Exon 3 was sequenced in an additional 26 controls., Results: SPINK1 N34S mutations appeared in 1 of 76 controls (1.3%), 12 of 22 patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (55%; odds ratio, 83; P < 0.00001), 3 of 15 with tropical calcific pancreatitis (20%; odds ratio, 11.2; P = 0.04), and 6 of 43 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (14%; odds ratio, 11.9; P = 0.009). P55S was present in 2 of 76 controls (3%) and in 1 of 22 patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (5%; P = not significant). A novel Y54H (160T>C) mutation was identified in 1 of 15 tropical calcific pancreatitis patients., Conclusions: In Bangladesh, the SPINK1 N34S mutation increases the risk of several forms of pancreatic disease, including fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, tropical calcific pancreatitis, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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- 2002
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31. Recrudescence and reinfection with Helicobacter pylori after eradication therapy in Bangladeshi adults.
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Hildebrand P, Bardhan P, Rossi L, Parvin S, Rahman A, Arefin MS, Hasan M, Ahmad MM, Glatz-Krieger K, Terracciano L, Bauerfeind P, Beglinger C, Gyr N, and Khan AK
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- Adult, Amoxicillin therapeutic use, Bangladesh ethnology, Body Mass Index, Breath Tests, Carbon Isotopes, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Helicobacter Infections drug therapy, Helicobacter Infections pathology, Humans, Male, Metronidazole therapeutic use, Omeprazole therapeutic use, Patient Compliance, Peptic Ulcer epidemiology, Ranitidine therapeutic use, Recurrence, Tinidazole therapeutic use, Anti-Ulcer Agents therapeutic use, Developing Countries, Helicobacter Infections physiopathology, Helicobacter pylori, Organometallic Compounds therapeutic use, Urea analysis
- Abstract
Background & Aims: In developing countries where Helicobacter pylori infection is widespread, posttherapeutic recurrence rates may be high. Many of the limited studies available have methodological problems and show varied recurrence rates. We determined late recrudescence rates, true reinfection, and ulcer recurrence., Methods: One hundred five Bangladeshi patients with H. pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease were treated with a triple therapy. Follow-up included 13C-urea breath tests, endoscopy, and biopsy-based tests. In reinfected patients, genomic typing compared pretherapeutic and posttherapeutic strains., Results: Recrudescence, associated with nitroimidazole-based treatment, occurred in 15 of 105 patients (14%) within the first 3 months, but only 8 of 105 patients tested positive 4 weeks after therapy ended. True reinfection was diagnosed in 11 of 105 patients between 3 and 18 months after therapy. The annual reinfection rate was 13%, based on a total follow-up of 84.7 patient years. Ulcer relapse occurred in 2 of 15 (13%) recrudescence cases and in 6 of 11 (55%) reinfection cases, but also in 4 of 73 (5%) H. pylori-negative patients., Conclusions: In Bangladesh, late recrudescence of H. pylori after eradication therapy occurs within the first 3 months. The reinfection rate is high and might influence cost-benefit analyses for determining diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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- 2001
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32. Blockade of GRP receptors inhibits gastric emptying and gallbladder contraction but accelerates small intestinal transit.
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Degen LP, Peng F, Collet A, Rossi L, Ketterer S, Serrano Y, Larsen F, Beglinger C, and Hildebrand P
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- Adult, Bombesin adverse effects, Cholecystokinin blood, Cross-Over Studies, Duodenum diagnostic imaging, Duodenum drug effects, Duodenum physiology, Eating physiology, Gallbladder Emptying physiology, Gastric Emptying physiology, Gastrointestinal Motility physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Peptide Fragments adverse effects, Radionuclide Imaging, Single-Blind Method, Bombesin administration & dosage, Bombesin analogs & derivatives, Gallbladder Emptying drug effects, Gastric Emptying drug effects, Gastrointestinal Motility drug effects, Peptide Fragments administration & dosage, Receptors, Bombesin antagonists & inhibitors
- Abstract
Background & Aims: This study was designed to characterize [D-F(5)Phe(6)D-Ala(11)]Bn(6-13)OMe (BIM26226) as a gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-preferring bombesin receptor antagonist and to determine whether GRP physiologically regulates gastrointestinal motility. Intravenous BIM26226 (5-500 microg. kg(-1). h(-1)) inhibits GRP-induced gallbladder contraction and plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) release in a dose-dependent fashion., Methods: Gastric emptying and small bowel transit of a solid meal were quantified using scintigraphy. Meal-stimulated gallbladder contraction was measured by sonography in a 2-period crossover design., Results: Intravenous BIM26226 potently inhibited gastric lag time (114 +/- 7 vs. 41 +/- 6 minutes [control]) and gastric emptying rate (0.11 +/- 0.02%/min vs. 0.26 +/- 0.04%/min [control]), whereas concomitant infusion of BIM26226 accelerated small bowel transit time (153 +/- 41 vs. 262 +/- 20 minutes [control]). A continuous liquid meal perfusion into the duodenum induced complete gallbladder contraction (t(50%), 35 +/- 4 minutes), which BIM26226 inhibited significantly (t(50%), 64 +/- 8 minutes). BIM26226 did not alter plasma CCK response, indicating that circulating CCK did not mediate these effects., Conclusions: These data show that BIM26226 is a potent antagonist of exogenous and endogenous GRP and suggest that GRP is a major physiologic regulator of gastric emptying, small bowel transit, and gallbladder contraction.
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- 2001
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33. Effect of intravenous human gastrin-releasing peptide on food intake in humans.
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Gutzwiller JP, Drewe J, Hildebrand P, Rossi L, Lauper JZ, and Beglinger C
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- Adult, Cholecystokinin antagonists & inhibitors, Cholecystokinin blood, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Eating drug effects, Gastrin-Releasing Peptide, Gastrins blood, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Peptides administration & dosage, Peptides blood, Proglumide analogs & derivatives, Proglumide pharmacology, Satiation, Time Factors, Eating physiology, Peptides pharmacology
- Abstract
Background/aims: Bombesin and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) are closely related peptides. Both have been proposed to serve as a satiety signal in animals., Methods: To explore further the role of GRP in humans, its effects on satiety and eating behavior were investigated by infusion of GRP into healthy men at three dosages (10, 40, and 160 pmol/kg per hour) and compared with saline infusions., Results: GRP produced a significant reduction in calorie intake (P < 0.05) but only a 19% (nonsignificant) reduction in food intake. Fluid ingestion was not affected by GRP. No overt side effects were produced by GRP, but subjects experienced d less hunger and early fullness in the premeal period during GRP infusion but not when receiving saline (P < 0.05-0.01)., Conclusions: This study shows that intravenous infusions of GRP can decrease spontaneous food intake at concentrations that produce physiological effects, such as stimulation of acid or pancreatic secretion or gallbladder contraction. The data imply that GRP-like peptides can act as satiety signals in humans, confirming data previously reported in animals.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Somatostatin 28 and coupling of human interdigestive intestinal motility and pancreatic secretion.
- Author
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von der Ohe M, Layer P, Wollny C, Ensinck JW, Peeters TL, Beglinger C, and Goebell H
- Subjects
- Adult, Amylases metabolism, Chymotrypsin metabolism, Gastrointestinal Motility drug effects, Half-Life, Humans, Male, Motilin blood, Myoelectric Complex, Migrating drug effects, Myoelectric Complex, Migrating physiology, Protein Precursors blood, Sodium Chloride administration & dosage, Somatostatin blood, Somatostatin-28, Time Factors, Trypsin metabolism, Gastrointestinal Motility physiology, Pancreas enzymology, Periodicity, Protein Precursors pharmacology, Somatostatin pharmacology
- Abstract
To determine the effects of small increases in somatostatin 28 plasma concentrations on human interdigestive gastrointestinal motility and pancreatic secretion, six fasting volunteers were intubated with gastroduodenal multilumen tubes and motility and pancreatic enzyme secretion were measured. Subjects received intravenous NaCl and somatostatin 28 at 11 and 44 pmol.kg-1.h-1 for 120 minutes or at least one interdigestive cycle. The two doses increased plasma somatostatin 28 levels within the physiological or into the supraphysiological range, respectively. Somatostatin 28 at 11 and 44 pmol.kg-1.h-1 decreased the length of the interdigestive motility cycle by 50% and 67% compared with controls, respectively (both P less than 0.002). Propagation velocity of the migrating motor complex (P less than 0.01) and plasma motilin were decreased (P less than 0.01). The smaller and larger dose decreased pancreatic enzyme outputs by 50% and 65%, respectively (P less than 0.005), but with the smaller dose, phase III-associated enzyme outputs were greater than phase I outputs. These findings suggest that small changes in somatostatin 28 plasma concentrations modulate human interdigestive motility and pancreatic enzyme output while coupling of motor and secretory events is preserved.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Cephalic stimulation of gastrointestinal secretory and motor responses in humans.
- Author
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Katschinski M, Dahmen G, Reinshagen M, Beglinger C, Koop H, Nustede R, and Adler G
- Subjects
- Adult, Atropine pharmacology, Cholecystokinin physiology, Gastrins blood, Humans, Male, Pancreatic Polypeptide blood, Proglumide analogs & derivatives, Proglumide pharmacology, Brain physiology, Eating physiology, Gastric Acid metabolism, Gastrointestinal Motility, Pancreas metabolism
- Abstract
The present study was designed (a) to investigate the cephalic phase of gastropancreatic secretion, antroduodenal motility, and regulatory peptide release in six healthy young men and (b) to assess its regulation by the cholinergic system and endogenous cholecystokinin. Sham feeding performed for 15 minutes induced a concurrent stimulation of gastropancreatic secretion, antroduodenal motility, and pancreatic polypeptide release that lasted for 30 minutes. Reappearance of interdigestive phases III was retarded in the post-sham-fed state. Atropine abolished secretory, motor, and pancreatic polypeptide responses to sham feeding and enhanced gastrin release. The cholecystokinin receptor antagonist loxiglumide did not attenuate pancreatic enzyme response but diminished antral motor response by 72% (P less than 0.05) and release of pancreatic polypeptide by 91% (P less than 0.05); it enhanced gastrin release and abolished retardation of reappearance of phase III with sham feeding. It is concluded that (a) there is a distinct cephalic phase of gastropancreatic secretion, antroduodenal motility, and pancreatic polypeptide release in humans that is primarily under cholinergic control and that (b) endogenous cholecystokinin is involved in antral motor, gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide responses to sham feeding.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A physiological role for cholecystokinin as a regulator of gastrin secretion.
- Author
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Beglinger C, Hildebrand P, Meier R, Bauerfeind P, Hasslocher H, Urscheler N, Delco F, Eberle A, and Gyr K
- Subjects
- Adult, Food, Gastrin-Releasing Peptide, Humans, Male, Peptides pharmacology, Proglumide analogs & derivatives, Proglumide pharmacology, Cholecystokinin physiology, Gastrins metabolism
- Abstract
To explore the role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in regulating gastrin secretion in humans, the effect of a CCK antagonist (loxiglumide) on meal-stimulated hormone responses was investigated. Subjects received 500 mL of a liquid test meal in the presence and absence of loxiglumide (22 mumol.kg-1.h-1). In the control experiments, both plasma gastrin and CCK levels increased postprandially. In loxiglumide-treated subjects there was a marked elevation in gastrin (area under the curve, 11,042 +/- 1493/120 min vs. 2156 +/- 281 pg/120 min) and CCK levels compared with the control experiment. These observations were confirmed in experiments with modified sham feeding and gastrin-releasing peptide stimulation in which loxiglumide pretreatment also caused a significant increase in gastrin release compared with saline (P less than 0.05). Further studies with intravenous infusion of gastrin, CCK-8, and CCK-33 with and without loxiglumide showed that the increases in CCK and gastrin during loxiglumide application cannot be explained by alterations in clearance rates. The findings of this study show that postprandial gastrin secretion is influenced by CCK and support the concept of a negative feedback control of gastrin secretion by CCK.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Evidence for hormonal inhibition of exocrine pancreatic function by somatostatin 28 in humans.
- Author
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Hildebrand P, Ensinck JW, Gyr K, Mossi S, Leuppi J, Eggenberger C, and Beglinger C
- Subjects
- Adult, Amino Acids pharmacology, Cholecystokinin blood, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Duodenum, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Osmolar Concentration, Pancreas metabolism, Pancreas physiology, Perfusion, Somatostatin blood, Somatostatin-28, Tryptophan pharmacology, Pancreas drug effects, Somatostatin pharmacology
- Abstract
Somatostatin 28 (S-28), originating in gastrointestinal cells, is secreted into the circulation and increases in humans after ingestion of a mixed meal. To evaluate the possibility that the increased levels of S-28 post cibum might modulate the release of enzymes and bicarbonate from the exocrine pancreas, S-28 was infused intravenously into healthy volunteers to levels seen after food intake. During S-28 infusion, the output of lipase, trypsin, amylase, and bicarbonate stimulated by either exogenous cholecystokinin octapeptide or endogenous signals from intraduodenal administration of tryptophan or a mixture of amino acids was significantly reduced. It is concluded that S-28 released from the gut during food intake modulates pancreatic exocrine function in humans.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Role of circulating cholecystokinin in control of fat-induced inhibition of food intake in humans.
- Author
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Drewe J, Gadient A, Rovati LC, and Beglinger C
- Subjects
- Adult, Cholecystokinin blood, Eating drug effects, Energy Intake, Humans, Male, Proglumide analogs & derivatives, Proglumide pharmacology, Receptors, Cholecystokinin physiology, Satiation drug effects, Cholecystokinin physiology, Dietary Fats pharmacology, Feeding Behavior drug effects, Satiation physiology
- Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) has been proposed to serve as a satiety signal in animals and humans. To further explore the role of CCK in humans, the effect on satiety and eating behavior of a specific CCK-receptor antagonist, loxiglumide, that preferentially inhibits peripheral (CCK-A) receptors was investigated. In a randomized, blind, four-period latin square design, 10 subjects received intravenous saline (placebo) or loxiglumide (10 mg/kg per hour) with concomitant intrajejunal perfusions of isotonic saline or fat (containing 50% corn oil and 3% albumin). Food intake and plasma CCK concentrations were assessed, and subjects scored their feelings of hunger and fullness in paired experiments. In placebo-treated subjects, the duration of the meal was shorter during fat perfusion (30 +/- 2 minutes vs. 35 +/- 2 minutes; P less than 0.01; mean +/- SEM). The amount of food intake was reduced (361 +/- 31 g vs. 454 +/- 35 g; P less than 0.05), and fluid ingestion was inhibited (490 +/- 31 mL vs. 625 +/- 38 mL; P less than 0.01). Loxiglumide did not affect any parameter and did not change the pattern of responses. In loxiglumide-treated subjects there was a 4-5-fold elevation in plasma CCK levels. These results confirm that jejunal infusion of lipid reduces the size of the meal and stimulates early satiety. The data imply that these effects are not mediated through peripheral endogenous CCK under these conditions.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Role of cholecystokinin in the regulation of gastric emptying and pancreatic enzyme secretion in humans. Studies with the cholecystokinin-receptor antagonist loxiglumide.
- Author
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Fried M, Erlacher U, Schwizer W, Löchner C, Koerfer J, Beglinger C, Jansen JB, Lamers CB, Harder F, and Bischof-Delaloye A
- Subjects
- Adult, Cholecystokinin antagonists & inhibitors, Cholecystokinin blood, Gastric Emptying physiology, Humans, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Polypeptide metabolism, Proglumide pharmacology, Trypsin metabolism, Cholecystokinin physiology, Gastric Emptying drug effects, Lipase metabolism, Pancreas metabolism, Proglumide analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
The role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the regulation of gastric emptying and pancreatic enzyme secretion was evaluated by infusing the CCK-receptor antagonist loxiglumide. Gastric emptying rates and pancreatic secretory outputs were measured in five healthy volunteers by the double-indicator perfusion technique using a multiple-lumen tube in the duodenum. Placebo or loxiglumide (22 mumol.kg-1.h-1) was infused throughout each experiment. Five hundred-milliliter liquid intragastric meals of (a) fat, protein, and glucose (Ensure; Abbott, Chicago, IL); (b) glucose, 20 g/dL; and (c) guar gum, 1.1 g/dL, were given in random order. In addition, the effect of a physiologic CCK-8 dose (20 pmol.kg-1.h-1) after an intragastric 500-mL saline meal (0.154 mol/L) was tested. Intravenous CCK-8 induced a marked retardation of the gastric emptying rate of the saline solution (P less than 0.05) while stimulating pancreatic secretory outputs; both effects were completely abolished by the infusion of loxiglumide. Loxiglumide markedly accelerated the gastric emptying rates (by approximately 40%) and simultaneously diminished lipase (by approximately 75%) and trypsin (by approximately 50%) outputs of both the mixed meal (P less than 0.01) and the pure glucose meal (P less than 0.05). Additional experiments using gamma camera scintigraphy confirmed the accelerating effect of loxiglumide on gastric emptying of the mixed meal (P less than 0.01). The gastric emptying rate of the guar meal, which did not release CCK, was not influenced by the infusion of loxiglumide. Loxiglumide distinctly augmented plasma CCK levels after the mixed (2.6 times) and the pure glucose (2.1 times) meals while markedly reducing (approximately 76%) pancreatic polypeptide release (P less than 0.02). It is concluded that endogeneous CCK exerts a major role in the regulation of both gastric liquid emptying and pancreatic secretion in humans.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Interaction of the cholinergic system and cholecystokinin in the regulation of endogenous and exogenous stimulation of pancreatic secretion in humans.
- Author
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Adler G, Beglinger C, Braun U, Reinshagen M, Koop I, Schafmayer A, Rovati L, and Arnold R
- Subjects
- Adult, Amylases metabolism, Atropine pharmacology, Ceruletide administration & dosage, Ceruletide pharmacology, Cholecystokinin antagonists & inhibitors, Cholecystokinin blood, Chymotrypsin metabolism, Food, Humans, Lipase metabolism, Male, Pancreas drug effects, Pancreas enzymology, Pancreas innervation, Proglumide analogs & derivatives, Proglumide pharmacology, Trypsin metabolism, Cholecystokinin physiology, Pancreas metabolism, Parasympathetic Nervous System physiology
- Abstract
Pancreatic enzyme secretion is regulated in humans by the cholinergic system and by cholecystokinin (CCK). The interaction between both regulatory systems in response to exogenous and endogenous stimulation was analyzed in the present study using the cholinergic antagonist atropine and the CCK antagonist loxiglumide. A dose-dependent stimulation of pancreatic enzyme output was achieved either by duodenal perfusion of graded caloric loads or by IV infusion of increasing doses of cerulein. Prestimulated pancreatic secretion was inhibited by atropine and loxiglumide. Atropine furthermore almost completely blocked meal-stimulated pancreatic secretion, whereas loxiglumide caused 60% inhibition. The enzyme response to graded doses of exogenous CCK was significantly inhibited by atropine and loxiglumide. Plasma levels of CCK were not altered by atropine but increased with infusion of loxiglumide. This study supports the concept that pancreatic enzyme secretion is predominantly dependent on a cholinergic tone and that CCK modulates the enzyme-secretory response.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Effect of loxiglumide, a cholecystokinin antagonist, on pancreatic polypeptide release in humans.
- Author
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Meier R, Hildebrand P, Thumshirn M, Albrecht C, Studer B, Gyr K, and Beglinger C
- Subjects
- Adult, Duodenum, Eating, Female, Humans, Intubation, Gastrointestinal, Male, Perfusion, Proglumide pharmacology, Cholecystokinin antagonists & inhibitors, Pancreatic Polypeptide metabolism, Proglumide analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of cholecystokinin in the regulation of postprandial pancreatic polypeptide secretion in humans. The pancreatic polypeptide responses to modified sham feeding and gastric instillation of a test meal were first compared with the response to oral ingestion of the same meal. The experiments were repeated under cholinergic (atropine) and cholecystokinin (loxiglumide) blockade. Atropine completely abolished the pancreatic polypeptide response to sham feeding and caused significant reductions after gastric and oral food intake. Loxiglumide, on the other hand, significantly reduced pancreatic polypeptide release to oral food (51% inhibition) without affecting the response to sham feeding. In separate experiments using a duodenal perfusion system, the effects of atropine and loxiglumide on intestinal phase-stimulated pancreatic polypeptide release were examined, and both cholinergic and cholecystokinin blockade induced complete suppression. It was concluded (a) that cholecystokinin is involved in postprandial pancreatic polypeptide response, especially during the intestinal phase stimulation, and (b) that the cholinergic system is crucial and superimposed on cholecystokinin in stimulating pancreatic polypeptide release.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Pancreatic polypeptide release: role of stimulants of exocrine pancreatic secretion in dogs.
- Author
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Beglinger C, Taylor IL, Grossman MI, and Solomon TE
- Subjects
- Animals, Bethanechol, Bethanechol Compounds pharmacology, Ceruletide pharmacology, Cholecystokinin pharmacology, Dogs, Food, Hydrochloric Acid pharmacology, Oleic Acids pharmacology, Phenylalanine pharmacology, Secretin pharmacology, Sincalide pharmacology, Oleic Acid, Pancreas metabolism, Pancreatic Polypeptide metabolism
- Abstract
There are apparent similarities in the mechanisms of the intestinal phase of exocrine and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) secretion by the pancreas. To characterize this relationship, we measured incremental responses of protein, bicarbonate, and PP to graded doses of intravenous secretin, caerulein, CCK8, CCK33, bethanechol, and intraduodenally perfused HCl, sodium oleate, and L-phenylalanine in dogs with gastric and pancreatic fistulas and compared them with average postprandial values. Secretin did not release PP at any dose studied, whereas intraduodenal HCl increased PP levels slightly at a load maximal for pancreatic secretion. Caerulein produced dose-related increases in PP secretion (maximal, 106% of meal response) but CCK8 and CCK33 had much less effect at doses equivalent for protein secretion. Bethanechol was a weak stimulant for PP only at the largest tolerable dose. L-Phenylalanine and sodium oleate markedly increased protein secretion, but only oleate clearly stimulated PP. Our results suggest a greater quantitative importance of the intestinal phase for exocrine than endocrine (PP) pancreatic secretion.
- Published
- 1984
43. Calcitonin gene-related peptides I and II and calcitonin: distinct effects on gastric acid secretion in humans.
- Author
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Beglinger C, Born W, Hildebrand P, Ensinck JW, Burkhardt F, Fischer JA, and Gyr K
- Subjects
- Adult, Bethanechol Compounds pharmacology, Bicarbonates metabolism, Calcitonin pharmacokinetics, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropeptides pharmacokinetics, Pentagastrin pharmacology, Somatostatin metabolism, Calcitonin pharmacology, Gastric Acid metabolism, Neuropeptides pharmacology
- Abstract
The human calcitonin gene-related peptides I and II (CGRP I and CGRP II) are two neuropeptides that have been recognized throughout the gastrointestinal system including the stomach. The present study was undertaken to compare in healthy volunteers the effects of intravenous infusions of CGRP I and CGRP II (79 pmol/kg.h) on pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion to those of calcitonin (88 pmol/kg.h). Calcitonin gene-related peptide I did not inhibit basal or pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion. However, CGRP II and calcitonin inhibited pentagastrin-stimulated acid responses by 20% and 28%, respectively (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01), whereas basal acid output was only reduced with calcitonin (p less than 0.05). These effects were recognized with low doses of pentagastrin, and absent with high doses suggesting competitive inhibition. Furthermore, step-doses of CGRP I and CGRP II (79-320 pmol/kg.h) were given intravenously on continuous pentagastrin stimulation and compared with calcitonin (88-352 pmol/kg.h). Calcitonin gene-related peptide II and calcitonin induced a dose-dependent decrease of acid output, whereas CGRP I was ineffective. The inhibitory effects of CGRP II and calcitonin are not due to increased gastric alkaline secretion or to somatostatin release, as neither peptide stimulated gastric bicarbonate secretion or induced an increase in circulating somatostatin. In conclusion, CGRP II, unlike CGRP I, inhibits gastric acid secretion in humans. Inhibitory effects of CGRP II and of calcitonin were comparable. The results imply that CGRP I and II, at the level of the stomach, have distinct biological properties in humans.
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Human secretin. Biologic effects and plasma kinetics in humans.
- Author
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Christ A, Werth B, Hildebrand P, Gyr K, Stalder GA, and Beglinger C
- Subjects
- Adult, Amylases metabolism, Animals, Bicarbonates metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Hormones blood, Hormones pharmacokinetics, Humans, Isoamylase metabolism, Lipase metabolism, Male, Radioimmunoassay, Saliva enzymology, Secretin blood, Secretin pharmacokinetics, Secretory Rate drug effects, Swine, Trypsin metabolism, Hormones pharmacology, Pancreas metabolism, Secretin pharmacology
- Abstract
The action of synthetic human secretin, which differs in two amino acid residues from porcine secretin, was compared with synthetic porcine secretin in 6 healthy volunteers. Pancreatic secretion was assessed by a marker perfusion technique and plasma secretin concentrations were assessed by a specific radioimmunoassay. Increasing doses of either human or porcine secretin produced increasing bicarbonate output (p less than 0.01), whereas trypsin and lipase were not stimulated over basal. The highest doses of secretin induced a significant increase in pancreatic amylase secretion. The two secretin preparations were found to be equipotent with respect to pancreatic secretion and plasma kinetics. Significant increases of plasma secretin were observed after a steak meal in 15 volunteers (p less than 0.001). When human secretin was infused at postprandial concentrations, significant increases in pancreatic bicarbonate output were observed (p less than 0.05). We conclude (a) that the substitution of two amino acids in human secretin does not affect biologic activity and plasma metabolism of the compound; (b) secretin does not stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion at physiologic concentrations; and (c) the stimulatory effects of secretin on pancreatic amylase remain to be elucidated. The study suggests that human secretin is a true hormone.
- Published
- 1988
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