11 results on '"Warren H Meck"'
Search Results
2. Interval timing and time-based decision making requires differential protein synthesis in the dorsal and ventral striatum for the setting of ‘Start’ and ‘Stop’ response thresholds
- Author
-
Christopher eMacDonald, Ruey-Kuang eCheng, and Warren H Meck
- Subjects
basal ganglia circuits ,protein synthesis ,Timing and Time perception ,dopamine-glutamate interactions ,reward anticipation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Time-based decision-making in peak-interval timing procedures involves the setting of response thresholds for the initiation (‘Start’) and termination (‘Stop’) of a response sequence that is centered on the target duration. We report here that the acquisition of the ‘Start’ response depends on de novo protein synthesis in the dorsal striatum (DS), but not the ventral striatum (VS). Conversely, inhibition of protein synthesis in the VS, but not the DS, impairs the acquisition of the ‘Stop’ response. The hypothesis is that the dorsal and ventral regions of the striatum function as a competitive neural network that encodes the temporal boundaries marking the beginning and end of a learned response sequence.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Developmental Neuroscience of Time and Number: Implications for Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
- Author
-
Melissa J. Allman, Kevin A Pelphrey, and Warren H Meck
- Subjects
Numerical cognition ,temporal cognition ,Timing and Time perception ,Cortico-striatal circuits ,Counting ,Mode-control models ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Estimations of time and number share many similarities in both non-humans and man. The primary focus of this review is on the development of time and number sense across infancy and childhood, and neuropsychological findings as they relate to time and number discrimination in infants and adults. Discussion of these findings is couched within a mode-control model of timing and counting which assumes time and number share a common magnitude representation system. A basic sense of time and number likely serves as the foundation for advanced numerical and temporal competence, and aspects of higher cognition—this will be discussed as it relates to typical childhood, and certain developmental disorders, including autism. Directions for future research in the developmental neuroscience of time and number will also be highlighted.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Contingent Negative Variation and its Relation to Time Estimation: A Theoretical Evaluation
- Author
-
Hedderik eVan Rijn, Tadeusz Władyslaw Kononowicz, Warren H Meck, Kwun Kei eNg, and Trevor B Penney
- Subjects
Timing and Time perception ,EEG/ERP ,Fronto-central and parietal-central areas ,response preparation ,Temporal accumulation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
The relation between the contingent negative variation (CNV) and time estimation is evaluated in terms of temporal accumulation and preparation processes. The conclusion is that the CNV as measured at fronto-central and parietal-central areas is not a direct reflection of the underlying interval timing mechanism(s), but more likely represents a time-based response preparation/decision-making process.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Rapid and acute effects of estrogen on time perception in male and female rats
- Author
-
Kristen ePleil, Sara eCordes, Warren H Meck, and Christina L Williams
- Subjects
Dopamine ,Striatum ,gonadal steroids ,interval timing ,sex differences ,Clock speed ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Sex differences in the rapid and acute effects of estrodiol on time perception were investigated in adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Because estrodiol has been shown to increase striatal dopamine release, it may be able to modify time perception and timed performance by increasing the speed of an internal clock in a manner similar to indirect dopamine agonists such as amphetamine and cocaine. Two groups of females (neonatally estradiol-treated/adult ovariectomized and neonatally oil-treated/adult ovariectomized) and 2 groups of males (neonatally castrated and adult castrated) were trained in a 2 s vs. 8 s duration bisection procedure and tested using intermediate signal durations. After obtaining oil-injected baseline psychometric functions over several days, rats were administered 5μg of estradiol for 4 days and behaviorally evaluated 30 min following each injection. This oil-estradiol administration cycle was subsequently repeated 3 times following the re-establishment of baseline training. Results revealed significant sex differences in the initial baseline functions that were not modifiable by organizational hormones, with males’ duration bisection functions shifted horizontally to the left of females’. Upon the first administration of estradiol, females, but not males, showed a significant, transient leftward shift in their bisection functions, indicative of an increase in clock speed. After extensive retraining in the duration bisection procedure, rats that were exposed to gonadal hormones during the first week of life showed a significant rightward shift in their bisection functions on the fourth day of estradiol administration during each cycle, suggesting a decrease in clock speed. Taken together, our results support the view that there are multiple mechanisms of estrogens’ action in the striatum that modulate dopaminergic activity and are differentially organized by gonadal steroids during early brain development.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Developmental periods of choline sensitivity provide an ontogenetic mechanism for regulating memory capacity and age-related dementia
- Author
-
Warren H Meck, Christina L Williams, Jennifer M Cermak, and Jan K Blusztajn
- Subjects
cognitive aging ,epigenetics ,Gene Expression ,Hippocampus ,neural plasticity ,perinatal nutrition ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
In order to determine brain and behavioral sensitivity of nutrients that may serve as inductive signals during early development, we altered choline availability to rats during 7 time frames spanning embryonic day (ED) 6 through postnatal day (PD) 75 and examined spatial memory ability in the perinatally-treated adults. Two sensitive periods were identified, ED 12-17 and PD 16-30, during which choline supplementation facilitated spatial memory and produced increases in dendritic spine density in CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus while also changing the dendritic fields of DG granule cells. Moreover, choline supplementation during ED 12-17 only, prevented the memory decline normally observed in aged rats. These behavioral changes were strongly correlated with the acetylcholine (ACh) content of hippocampal slices following stimulated release. Our data demonstrate that the availability of choline during critical periods of brain development influences cognitive performance in adulthood and old age, and emphasize the importance of perinatal nutrition for successful cognitive aging.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Developmental Neuroscience of Time and Number: Implications for Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
- Author
-
Kevin A. Pelphrey, Melissa J. Allman, and Warren H. Meck
- Subjects
Counting ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Developmental cognitive neuroscience ,Numerical cognition ,Timing and Time perception ,Review Article ,temporal cognition ,050105 experimental psychology ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Developmental psychology ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,10. No inequality ,Competence (human resources) ,Cortico-striatal circuits ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,05 social sciences ,Neuropsychology ,Number sense ,Time perception ,medicine.disease ,Sensory Systems ,Autism spectrum disorder ,Autism ,Mode-control models ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Estimations of time and number share many similarities in both non-humans and man. The primary focus of this review is on the development of time and number sense across infancy and childhood, and neuropsychological findings as they relate to time and number discrimination in infants and adults. Discussion of these findings is couched within a mode-control model of timing and counting which assumes time and number share a common magnitude representation system. A basic sense of time and number likely serves as the foundation for advanced numerical and temporal competence, and aspects of higher cognition—this will be discussed as it relates to typical childhood, and certain developmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder. Directions for future research in the developmental neuroscience of time and number (NEUTIN) will also be highlighted.
- Published
- 2012
8. Rapid and acute effects of estrogen on time perception in male and female rats
- Author
-
Warren H. Meck, Christina L. Williams, Sara Cordes, and Kristen E. Pleil
- Subjects
sex differences ,Clock speed ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Dopamine ,Striatum ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Amphetamine ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,duration bisection ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Original Research ,interval timing ,Dopaminergic ,Time perception ,Sensory Systems ,Endocrinology ,gonadal steroids ,Estrogen ,Ovariectomized rat ,Psychology ,medicine.drug ,Hormone ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Sex differences in the rapid and acute effects of estradiol on time perception were investigated in adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Because estradiol has been shown to increase striatal dopamine release, it may be able to modify time perception and timed performance by increasing the speed of an internal clock in a manner similar to indirect dopamine agonists such as amphetamine and cocaine. Two groups of females (neonatally estradiol-treated/adult ovariectomized and neonatally oil-treated/adult ovariectomized) and two groups of males (neonatally castrated and adult castrated) were trained in a 2 vs. 8-s duration bisection procedure and tested using intermediate signal durations. After obtaining oil-injected baseline psychometric functions over several days, rats were administered 5 μg of estradiol for 4 days and behaviorally evaluated 30 min following each injection. This oil–estradiol administration cycle was subsequently repeated three times following the re-establishment of baseline training. Results revealed significant sex differences in the initial baseline functions that were not modifiable by organizational hormones, with males’ duration bisection functions shifted horizontally to the left of females’. Upon the first administration of estradiol, females, but not males, showed a significant, transient leftward shift in their bisection functions, indicative of an increase in clock speed. After extensive retraining in the duration bisection procedure, rats that were exposed to gonadal hormones during the first week of life showed a significant rightward shift in their bisection functions on the fourth day of estradiol administration during each cycle, suggesting a decrease in clock speed. Taken together, our results support the view that there are multiple mechanisms of estrogens’ action in the striatum that modulate dopaminergic activity and are differentially organized by gonadal steroids during early brain development.
- Published
- 2011
9. Acquisition of 'Start' and 'Stop' response thresholds in peak-interval timing is differentially sensitive to protein synthesis inhibition in the dorsal and ventral striatum
- Author
-
Ruey-Kuang Cheng, Warren H. Meck, and Christopher J. MacDonald
- Subjects
Dorsum ,timing and time perception ,reward prediction ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Ventral striatum ,cortico-striatal circuits ,Striatum ,decision-making ,Biology ,Protein Synthesis Inhibition ,Sensory Systems ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,memory consolidation ,dopamine-glutamate interactions ,medicine ,Protein biosynthesis ,Memory consolidation ,Original Research Article ,Neuroscience ,protein synthesis inhibitors - Abstract
Time-based decision-making in peak-interval timing procedures involves the setting of response thresholds for the initiation (“Start”) and termination (“Stop”) of a response sequence that is centered on a target duration. Using intracerebral infusions of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, we report that the acquisition of the “Start” response depends on normal functioning (including protein synthesis) in the dorsal striatum (DS), but not the ventral striatum (VS). Conversely, disruption of the VS, but not the DS, impairs the acquisition of the “Stop” response. We hypothesize that the dorsal and ventral regions of the striatum function as a competitive neural network that encodes the temporal boundaries marking the beginning and end of a timed response sequence.
- Published
- 2011
10. Unwinding the Molecular Basis of Interval and Circadian Timing
- Author
-
Patricia V. Agostino, Diego A. Golombek, and Warren H. Meck
- Subjects
Serotonin ,Dopamine ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Circadian clock ,Review Article ,Biology ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Sensory Systems ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Interval (music) ,Neurochemical ,suprachiasmatic nuclei ,Circadian system ,Timer ,Circadian rhythm ,Glutamate ,Genetically modified animal ,Cortico-striatal circuits ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Neuroscience ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,interval timing - Abstract
Neural timing mechanisms range from the millisecond to diurnal, and possibly annual, frequencies. Two of the main processes under study are the interval timer (seconds-to-minute range) and the circadian clock. The molecular basis of these two mechanisms is the subject of intense research, as well as their possible relationship. This article summarizes data from studies investigating a possible interaction between interval and circadian timing and reviews the molecular basis of both mechanisms, including the discussion of the contribution from studies of genetically modified animal models. While a common neurochemical substrate for timing mechanisms in the brain has been related to dopamine-reward systems, circadian modulation of interval timing suggests an interaction of different frequencies in cerebral temporal processes.
- Published
- 2011
11. Developmental Periods of Choline Sensitivity Provide an Ontogenetic Mechanism for Regulating Memory Capacity and Age-Related Dementia
- Author
-
Christina L. Williams, Warren H. Meck, Jennifer M. Cermak, and Jan Krzysztof Blusztajn
- Subjects
Dendritic spine ,hippocampus ,Ontogeny ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Hippocampal formation ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Neuroplasticity ,medicine ,Choline ,Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Original Research ,epigenetics ,cognitive aging ,Dentate gyrus ,perinatal nutrition ,spatial memory ,Sensory Systems ,chemistry ,gene expression ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,Acetylcholine ,medicine.drug ,neural plasticity - Abstract
In order to determine brain and behavioral sensitivity of nutrients that may serve as inductive signals during early development, we altered choline availability to rats during 7 time frames spanning embryonic day (ED) 6 through postnatal day (PD) 75 and examined spatial memory ability in the perinatally-treated adults. Two sensitive periods were identified, ED 12-17 and PD 16-30, during which choline supplementation facilitated spatial memory and produced increases in dendritic spine density in CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus while also changing the dendritic fields of DG granule cells. Moreover, choline supplementation during ED 12-17 only, prevented the memory decline normally observed in aged rats. These behavioral changes were strongly correlated with the acetylcholine (ACh) content of hippocampal slices following stimulated release. Our data demonstrate that the availability of choline during critical periods of brain development influences cognitive performance in adulthood and old age, and emphasize the importance of perinatal nutrition for successful cognitive aging.
- Published
- 2008
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.