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Although most commonly found in the knee, elbow, and talar dome, osteochondral lesions can also be found in the subtalar joint and can occur due to either high or low energy trauma. Diagnosis of these lesions in the subtalar joint is typically confirmed with advanced imaging such as computerized tomography and MRI. Although there are a few published case reports, there is otherwise very limited literature on the prevalence, treatment options, prognosis, or outcomes for patients with osteochondral lesions of the subtalar joint, and thus further research is required in this area., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Anesthesia management during hallux valgus surgery trends toward multimodal pain control. Locoregional anesthesia with peripheral nerve blocks and wound instillation increase pain control. Peripheral nerve blocks as first-line analgesia are effective with minimal side effects. Local wound instillation has a variable but positive effect with minimal negative side effects. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in bone-to-bone healing remain controversial; however, they reduce opiate requirements and enhance patient satisfaction. Opiate agonists remain the mainstay for postoperative pain; long-acting formulations minimize pain crises. Multimodal analgesia with locoregional anesthesia facilitate the progress of hallux valgus surgery as an outpatient procedure., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Metatarsus adductus (MA) is a congenital condition resulting in adduction of the forefoot at the tarsometatarsal joint, medial metatarsal deviation, supination of the hindfoot through the subtalar joint, and plantarflexed first ray. The exact underlying pathophysiology remains elusive. There is increasing evidence highlighting the importance of recognizing MA as an associated deformity that complicates management of hallux valgus (HV). Unfortunately, metatarsalgia and lesser toe pathology is also common in this population. We present a review regarding the epidemiology, pathomechanics, and a comprehensive surgical treatment algorithm to optimize the management of patients with MA, HV, lesser toe deformity, and metatarsalgia., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Adult patients presenting with an overcorrected clubfoot often have had a posteromedial release. They present later in life and have compensated quite well despite the development of deformity. Minor trauma may lead to the onset of acute symptoms. A spectrum of deformity exists. Key features include a dorsally subluxated navicular, a dorsal bunion from overpull of the tibialis anterior tendon, valgus of the ankle or hindfoot or both, and a flattop talus. This article details the diagnostic approach to the overcorrected clubfoot patient and options for management of the various components of the deformity., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)