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The Sapotaceae family encompasses the genus Pouteria spp., comprising approximately 1,250 species of fruits cherished by consumers for their delightful assortment and flavors. Over the years, extensive research has been devoted to exploring the natural bioactive compounds present in these fruits, with the primary goal of preventing and/or mitigating the risk of degenerative diseases. Despite their widespread popularity in numerous countries, the chemistry, nutritional content, and biological potential of these fruits remain relatively unexplored. This comprehensive review aims to shed light on the principal volatile and non-volatile chemical components found in Pouteria fruits, which present notable antioxidant properties. By doing so, a broad perspective on the current trends in characterizing these compounds and their potential applications were provided, as well as the associated health benefits. Additionally, the prospects and potential applications of Pouteria fruits in the food industry were explored herein., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Thermal processes can be very damaging to the nutritional and sensory quality of foods. Non-thermal technologies have been applied to reduce the impact of heat on food, reducing processing time and increasing its efficiency. Among many non-thermal technologies, cold plasma is an emerging technology with several potential applications in food processing. This technique can be used to preserve and sanitize food products, and act as a pre-treatment for drying, extraction, cooking, curing, and hydrogenation of foods. Furthermore, the reacting plasma species formed during the plasma application can change positively the sensory and nutritional aspects of foods. The aim of this review is to analyze the main findings on the application of cold plasma as a pre-treatment technology to improve food processing. In its current maturity stage, the cold plasma technology is suitable for reducing drying time, increasing extraction efficiency, as well as curing meats. This technology can convert unsaturated into saturated fats, without forming trans isomers, which can be an alternative to healthier foods. Although many advantages come from cold plasma applications, this technology still has several challenges, such as the scaling up, especially in increasing productivity and treating foods with large formats. Optimization and control of the effects of plasma on nutritional and sensory quality are still under investigation. Further improvement of the technology will come with a higher knowledge of the effects of plasma on the different chemical groups present in foods, and with the development of bigger or more powerful plasma systems., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The Passiflora genus (Passifloraceae family) extends worldwide, but it is mainly found in the Americas. The present review aimed to select the main reports published over the last 5 years involving the chemical composition, health benefits, and products obtained from the pulps of Passifora spp. The pulps of at least 10 species of Passiflora have been studied presenting different classes of organic compounds, especially phenolic acids, and polyphenols. The main bioactivity properties include antioxidant and in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. These reports highlight the potential of Passiflora for the development of a variety of products, especially fermented and non-fermented beverages, as well as foods to attend a demand for non-dairy products. In general, these products are prominent source of probiotic bacteria resistant to in vitro gastrointestinal simulation, representing an alternative for intestinal microbiota regulation. Therefore, sensory analysis is encouraging herein, as well as in vivo tests to enable the development of high value pharmaceuticals and food products. The patents confirm the great interest in research and products development in different food technology areas, as well as in biotechnology, pharmacy, and materials engineering., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Anthocyanins from grape peel extract have several biological properties and can act as a natural colorant and antioxidant agent. However, these compounds are susceptible to degradation by light, oxygen, temperature, and the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, this study produced microstructured lipid microparticles (MLMs) containing anthocyanins by the spray chilling technique and evaluated the particle stability. trans-free fully hydrogenated palm oil (FHPO) and palm oil (PO) were used as encapsulating materials in the ratios 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50, respectively. The concentration of grape peel extract was 40 % (w/w) in relation to the encapsulating materials. The microparticles were evaluated for thermal behavior by DSC, polymorphism, FTIR, size distribution and particle diameter, bulk density, tapped density, flow properties, morphology, phenolic compounds content, antioxidant capacity, and retention of anthocyanins. Furthermore, the storage stability of the microparticles was investigated at different temperatures (-18, 4, and 25 °C), and the anthocyanins retention capacity, kinetic parameters (half-life time and degradation constant rate), total color difference, and visual aspects were evaluated during 90 days of storage. The resistance of MLMs to the gastrointestinal tract was also evaluated. In general, higher FHPO concentrations increased the thermal resistance of the MLMs and both showed defined peaks of β' and β forms. The FTIR analysis showed that the MLMs preserved the original forms of their constituent materials even after atomization, with interactions between them. The increase in the PO concentration directly affected the increased mean particle diameter, agglomeration, and cohesiveness, as well as lower bulk density, tapped density, and flowability. The retention of anthocyanins in MLMs ranged from 81.5 to 61.3 % and was influenced by the particle size, with a better result observed for the treatment MLM_90:10. The same behavior was observed for the phenolic compounds content (1443.1-1247.2 mg GAE/100 g) and antioxidant capacity (1739.8-1660.6 mg TEAC/100 g). During the storage, MLMs made with FHPO to PO ratios of 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40 showed the highest stability for anthocyanin retention and color changes at the three temperatures (- 18 °C, 4 °C, and 25 °C). The gastrointestinal simulation in vitro revealed that all treatments were resistant to gastric phase and maintained a maximum and controlled release in the intestinal phase, demonstrating that FHPO together with PO are effective to protect anthocyanins during gastric digestion, and can improve the bioavailability of this compound in the human organism. Thus, the spray chilling technique may be a promising alternative for the production of anthocyanins-loaded microstructured lipid microparticles with functional properties for various technological applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The effect of probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-03 (La-03); Lactobacillus acidophilus La-05 (La-05); Bifidobacterium Bb-12 (Bb-12) or Lacticaseibacillus casei-01 (L. casei-01)) on the characteristics of fermented whey-milk beverages during storage (4 °C, 30 days) was evaluated. The products were assessed for biological and antioxidant activities, physicochemical characteristics, and bioactive peptides. Probiotic addition increased α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activities, mainly at 15 days of storage. L. casei-01 showed higher metabolic activity (higher titratable acidity and lower pH values) and the presence of anti-hypertensive peptides, while La-5 and Bb-12 showed higher α-glucosidase inhibition, improvements in the high saturated hypercholesterolemic index, and peptides with ACE-inhibitory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. Our findings suggest that probiotic fermented whey-milk beverages may exert antidiabetic and antioxidant properties, being suggested La-5 or Bb-12 as probiotics and 15 days of storage., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The processing of high-protein vanilla-flavored milk was performed under different electric field strengths of ohmic heating (5.22 V/cm, OH6; 6.96 V/cm, OH8; 8.70 V/cm, OH10; 10.43 V/cm, OH12) to evaluate the energy consumption, processing parameters, and microbiological, rheological, and biological aspects, compared with the sample submitted to conventional pasteurization (PAST, 72 °C/15 s). All samples showed higher than 12 g/100 mL of protein, consisting of high-protein content products. In addition, Ohmic Heating (OH) generated lower energy expenditure and more significant microbial inactivation of lactic acid bacteria, molds and yeasts, total mesophiles, and psychotropics. Furthermore, OH at lower electric field strengths, mainly OH8, improved anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-hypertensive activities and rheological properties, and resulted in lower hydroxymethylfurfural contents, and higher whey protein nitrogen index. The results suggest that OH is a technology that can be used in flavored milk with high-protein content, being recommended an electric field strength of 6.96 V/cm. However, more studies are necessary to evaluate the effect of OH on high-protein dairy products, mainly by studying other OH processing parameters., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The Amazon region has a significant biodiversity composed of several fruits with health benefits and distinguished potential for technological application and development of novel products. Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) is one of the main Amazonian fruits with expressive nutraceutical properties. For this reason, this review aims to elucidate the current state of knowledge on buriti, providing information on its bioactive compounds, nutraceutical, and health potential for both technological and economic development especially in food and pharmaceutical areas. Different parts of buriti are important sources of carotenoids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and fibers. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, prebiotic, anti-diabetes, and anti-cancer properties have also been reported. In addition, the buriti oil presents a synergistic effect with antibiotics and it has been also an alternative to artificial dyes. However, there is a lack of information about the in vivo evaluation of the buriti's bioactive compounds providing a clearer elucidation on its biological potential, toxicity information and mechanisms of action. Proper sensory methods and the relationship between sensory quality and consumer perception are also needed to extend the possibility of developing new products. Finally, the use of non-thermal techniques is encouraged to improve the bioavailability of nutraceutical compounds and potentiate their action on human health., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The aim of this review was to compile the main reports over the last 5 years concerning the Ficus spp. fruits (Moraceae family) based on chemistry, properties, and applications as products. About 30 Ficus spp. fruits were reported focusing on their chemical composition rich in phenolic acids such as gallic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids, as well as quercetin and cyanidin derivatives. The fruits from Moraceae family presented mainly antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in addition to other functional properties to consumers health. Therefore, these fruits can be successfully considered by the food industry for the development of new products with high added value and also be considered a source of bioactive compounds., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The present work aims to evaluate the effect of different excitation frequency (200, 500 and 800 Hz) of cold plasma technique as a pretreatment for drying tucumã. SEM images showed changes on the pretreated tucumã's surface, favoring the drying rate and diffusivity of water as well as reducing the drying time. Marginal variation of color and reduced drying time were observed in the samples treated using 200 and 800 Hz. The pretreatment improved the concentration of phenolic (45.3 mg GAE g -1 ) and antioxidant compounds (799.8 µM ET) (p-value < 0.05). Carotenoids were more sensitive to the drying time, presenting significant degradation at 500 Hz. For this reason, the propose pretreatment based on the application of cold plasma technique for drying foods can preserve/improve their nutritional quality., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of cold plasma excitation frequency on camu-camu juice processing. Different levels of frequency (200, 420, 583, 698 and 960 Hz) were applied on camu-camu juice to measure the contents of ascorbic acid and anthocyanins, as well as to evaluate the antioxidant compounds (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and phenolic compounds), peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymatic activity and color. Furthermore, the juice bioaccessibility was evaluated after simulated digestion. The ascorbic acid concentration was increased when higher excitation frequencies were employed, increasing their bioavailability. Anthocyanins, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase presented considerable degradation with increasing the plasma excitation frequency. For this reason, the juice processing proposed herein represents an alternative to enhance its nutritional quality. Moreover, the use of cold plasma reduced the activity concentration of endogenous enzymes, presenting considerable degradation for higher excitation frequency., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Species of Eugenia have been used as an antidiabetic natural source. Chemical, antioxidant and antiglycant screening of extracts from pedra-ume caá (Eugenia punicifolia) fruits were performed. 1 H NMR assisted by non-supervised chemometric methods were employed for the evaluation of the chemical profiles which were distinguished according to the color of fruit maturation stages, as well as for pulp and seed fruit. Furthermore, 1 H NMR fingerprint analysis of the crude extract allowed the identification of quercitrin and myricitrin, beside other nine compounds. The extracts of the yellow (YP) and green (GP) pulps presented higher antiglycant and antioxidant activities. Fresh juice from E. punicifolia was encapsulated in microcapsules produced with dextrose equivalent (DE) of 10, 20 or 30 as wall materials for the maintainment of their antioxidant and antiglycant properties. The more efficient retention of the bioactive compounds was found using the DE30. The Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) and the Retention Efficiency (RE) of this system was found around 89.7% and 97.6%, respectively. In addition, NMR spectra revealed the presence of flavonoids O-glycosylated (quercitrin and myricitrin) which might be related to the antiglycant and antioxidant activities. The YP presented larger content of quercitrin (117.6 ± 0.4 mg per each 100 g of fresh fruit). Therefore, pedra-ume caá should be employed as an alternative nutraceutical source, as well as intherapeutic pourposes., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The objective of this work was to analyze the influence of maltodextrin equivalent dextrose on the lime essential oil reconstitution, storage, release and protection properties. Four treatments were evaluated: whey protein concentrate (WPC), and blends of maltodextrin with dextrose equivalents of 5 (WM5), 10 (WM10) and 20 (WM20). The reconstitution and storage properties of the microparticles (solubility, wettability and density), water kinetics adsorption, sorption isotherms, thermogravimetric properties, controlled release and degradation kinetics of encapsulated lime essential oil were studied to measure the quality of the encapsulated materials. The results of the study indicated that the DE degree influences the characteristics of reconstitution, storage, controlled release and degradation characteristics of encapsulated bioactive compounds. The increase in dextrose equivalent improves microparticle solubility, wettability and density, mainly due to the size of the maltodextrin molecules. The adsorption kinetics and sorption isotherm curves confirmed the increase in the hygroscopicity of maltodextrins with higher degrees of polymerization. The size of the maltodextrin chains influenced the release and protection of the encapsulated lime essential oil. Finally, the maltodextrin polymerization degree can be considered a parameter that will influence the physicochemical properties of microencapsulated food., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)