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• Pickering emulsions based on gliadin/arabinoxylan nanoparticles (GANPs) were fabricated. • GANPs with different gliadin/arabinoxylan (G/AX) ratios had distinct effects on emulsion properties. • Pickering emulsion with G/AX ratio of 1:4 showed strongest oxidative stability. • Percolating gel net-work mechanism conferred the emulsion superior stabilization. In the present work, the Pickering emulsions with enhanced oxidation stability were fabricated using gliadin (G)/arabinoxylan nanoparticles (GANPs). The influence of different G/AX ratios on the properties of GANPs and corresponding physicochemical characteristics of Pickering emulsions were investigated. Results indicated that the droplet size and ζ-potential of Pickering emulsions declined with the decrease of G/AX ratios. Pickering emulsion with the smallest G/AX ratio (1:4) exhibited excellent oxidative and coalescence stability due to the formation of viscoelastic gel network, which was supported by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images. Furthermore, the increase of salt ions in a lower concentration (0–0.2 M) was conducive to the flocculation of the droplets, while further increasing the NaCl concentration impaired the emulsion stability. Such elements revealed that G/AX complex is a promising stabilizer of Pickering emulsions with prominent antioxidant activity, which have favorable potential applications in protecting the functional properties of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]