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Eight new compounds, dioscorosides G ( 1 ), H 1 ( 2 ), H 2 ( 3 ), dioscorol B ( 4 ), dioscorosides I ( 5 ), J ( 6 ), K 1 ( 7 ), and K 2 ( 8 ), together with twelve known ones ( 9 – 20 ) were obtained from the rhizomes of Dioscorea septemloba . Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Among the known isolates, 12 – 14 , 18 , and 20 were isolated from the Dioscoreae genus for the first time. While, 9 – 11 , 15 , and 16 were firstly obtained from the plant. Moreover, all the isolates were evaluated for in vitro anti-inflammatory potential using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, and compounds 7 , 11 , 15 , and 16 were found to display significant inhibition of nitrite production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six new cyclopentenyl esters, avellaneine A–F ( 1 – 4, 7 , 8 ), two new cyclopentyl esters, avellaneine G, H ( 9 , 10 ), along with two known cyclopentenyl esters were obtained from water extract of the inner bark of Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb. The chemical structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. The anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were determined on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell line. Some of the tested compounds ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 ) reduced the NO production in a dose-dependent manner, while 6 and 7 decreased PGE 2 production in a dose-dependent manner, without altering cell viability. Data presented in this research indicated that Tabebuia avellanedae 's ethnopharmacological action of treating inflammatory diseases was based on the constituents which exert a significant anti-inflammatory effect on inflammatory responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Three sulfated phenolic compounds, juglanin B (11R)-O-sulfate (1), myricetin 3´-O-sulfate (2), and ampelopsin 3´-O-sulfate (3), were isolated from the leaves of Myrica rubra. Compound 1 was a new sulfated lignan, 2 was a new sulfated flavone, and 3 was a known sulfated flavone. The structures of the new compounds (1 and 2) were determined by acid hydrolysis and spectroscopic methods, including IR, FAB-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. The inhibitory activities of compounds 1–3 and their hydrolysates (1a–3a) against LPS-induced cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. The 2 new compounds (1 and 2) and their aglycones (1a and 2a) significantly reduced LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]