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2. ORIGIN: metal creation and evolution from the cosmic dawn
- Author
-
den, Herder Jan-Willem, Piro, Luigi, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, Hartmann, Dieter H., Kaastra, Jelle S., Amati, L., Andersen, M. I., Arnaud, M., Atteia, J.-L., Bandler, S., Barbera, M., Barcons, X., Barthelmy, S., Basa, S., Basso, S., Boer, M., Branchini, E., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Borgani, S., Boyarsky, A., Brunetti, G., Budtz-Jorgensen, C., Burrows, D., Butler, N., Campana, S., Caroli, E., Ceballos, M., Christensen, F., Churazov, E., Comastri, A., Colasanti, L., Cole, R., Content, R., Corsi, A., Costantini, E., Conconi, P., Cusumano, G., de, Plaa J., De, Rosa A., Del, Santo M., Di, Cosimo S., De, Pasquale M., Doriese, R., Ettori, S., Evans, P., Ferrari, L., Finger, H., Figueroa-Feliciano, T., Friedrich, P., Furuzawa, A., Fynbo, J., Gatti, F., Galeazzi, M., Gehrels, N., Gendre, B., Ghirlanda, G., Ghisellini, G., Gilfanov, M., Giommi, P., Girardi, M., Grindlay, J., Cocchi, M., Godet, O., Guedel, M., Haardt, F., den, Hartog R., Hepburn, I., Hermsen, W., Hjorth, J., Hoekstra, H., Holland, A., Hornstrup, A., van, der Horst A., int, Zand J., Irwin, K., Jonker, P., Kitayama, T., Kawahara, H., Kawai, N., Kelley, R., Kilbourne, C., de, Korte P., Kusenko, A., Kuvvetli, I., Labanti, M., Macculi, C., Maiolino, R., Mas, Hesse M., Matsushita, K., Mazzotta, P., McCammon, D., Mendez, M., Mignani, R., Mineo, T., Mushotzky, R., Molendi, S., Moscardini, L., Natalucci, L., Nicastro, F., O'Brien, P., Osborne, J., Paerels, F., Page, M., Paltani, S., Pedersen, K., Perinati, E., Ponman, T., Pointecouteau, E., Predehl, P., Porter, S., Rasmussen, A., Rauw, G., Rottgering, H., Roncarelli, M., Rosati, P., Quadrini, E., Ruchayskiy, O., Salvaterra, R., Sasaki, S., Sato, K., Savaglio, S., Schaye, J., Sciortino, S., Shaposhnikov, M., Sharples, R., Shinozaki, K., Spiga, D., Sunyaev, R., Suto, Y., Tanvir, N., Troja, E., Ubertini, P., Ullom, J., Ursino, E., Verbunt, F., van, de Voort F., Viel, M., Wachter, S., Watson, D., Weisskopf, M., Werner, N., White, N., Willingale, R., Wijers, R., Yoshikawa, K., Zane, S., Ohashi, Takaya, Ezoe, Y., Fujimoto, R., Hoshino, A., Ishisaki, Y., Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Takei, Yoh, Tashiro, Makoto, Tamura, Takayuki, Tawara, Yuzuru, Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tsuru, Takeshi, Yamasaki, Noriko, den Herder, JW, Piro, L, Ohashi, T, Kouveliotou, C, Hartmann, DH, Kaastra, JS, Amati, L, Andersen, MI, Arnaud, M, Attèia, JL, Bandler, S, Barbera, M, Barcons, X, Barthelmy, S, Basa, S, Basso, S, Boer, M, Branchini, E, Branduardi-Raymont, G, Borgani, S, Boyarsky, A, Brunetti, G, Budtz-Jorgensen, C, Burrows, D, Butler, N, Campana, S, Caroli, E, Ceballos, M, Christensen, F, Churazov, E, Comastri, A, Colasanti, L, Cole, R, Content, R, Corsi, A, Costantini, E, Conconi, P, Cusumano, G, de Plaa, J, De Rosa, A, Del Santo, M, Di Cosimo, S, De Pasquale, M, Doriese, R, Ettori, S, Evans, P, Ezoe, Y, Ferrari, L, Finger, H, Figueroa-Feliciano, T, Friedrich, P, Fujimoto, R, Furuzawa, A, Fynbo, J, Gatti, F, Galeazzi, M, Gehrels, N, Gendre, B, Ghirlanda, G, Ghisellini, G, Gilfanov, M, Giommi, P, Girardi, M, Grindlay, J, Cocchi, M, Godet, O, Guedel, M, Haardt, F, den Hartog, R, Hepburn, I, Hermsen, W, Hjorth, J, Hoekstra, H, Holland, A, Hornstrup, A, van der Horst, A, Hoshino, A, in't Zand, J, Irwin, K, Ishisaki, Y, Jonker, P, Kitayama, T, Kawahara, H, Kawai, N, Kelley, R, Kilbourne, C, de Korte, P, Kusenko, A, Kuvvetli, I, Labanti, M, Macculi, C, Maiolino, R, Hesse, MM, Matsushita, K, Mazzotta, P, McCammon, D, Mèndez, M, Mignani, R, Mineo, T, Mitsuda, K, Mushotzky, R, Molendi, S, Moscardini, L, Natalucci, L, Nicastro, F, O'Brien, P, Osborne, J, Paerels, F, Page, M, Paltani, S, Pedersen, K, Perinati, E, Ponman, T, Pointecouteau, E, Predehl, P, Porter, S, Rasmussen, A, Rauw, G, Rottgering, H, Roncarelli, M, Rosati, P, Quadrini, E, Ruchayskiy, O, Salvaterra, R, Sasaki, S, Sato, K, Savaglio, S, Schaye, J, Sciortino, S, Shaposhnikov, M, Sharples, R, Shinozaki, K, Spiga, D, Sunyaev, R, Suto, Y, Takei, Y, Tanvir, N, Tashiro, M, Tamura, T, Tawara, Y, Troja, E, Tsujimoto, M, Tsuru, T, Ubertini, P, Ullom, J, Ursino, E, Verbunt, F, van de Voort, F, Viel, M, Wachter, S, Watson, D, Weisskopf, M, Werner, N, White, N, Willingale, R, Wijers, R, Yamasaki, N, Yoshikawa, K, Zane, S, Airbus, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali, Astronomy, J. W., den Herder, L., Piro, T., Ohashi, C., Kouveliotou, D. H., Hartmann, J. S., Kaastra, L., Amati, M. I., Andersen, M., Arnaud, J. L., Attéia, S., Bandler, M., Barbera, X., Barcon, S., Barthelmy, S., Basa, S., Basso, M., Boer, E., Branchini, G., Branduardi Raymont, Borgani, Stefano, A., Boyarsky, G., Brunetti, C., Budtz Jorgensen, D., Burrow, N., Butler, S., Campana, E., Caroli, M., Ceballo, F., Christensen, E., Churazov, A., Comastri, L., Colasanti, R., Cole, R., Content, A., Corsi, E., Costantini, P., Conconi, G., Cusumano, J., de Plaa, A., De Rosa, M., Del Santo, S., Di Cosimo, M., De Pasquale, R., Doriese, S., Ettori, P., Evan, Y., Ezoe, L., Ferrari, H., Finger, T., Figueroa Feliciano, P., Friedrich, R., Fujimoto, A., Furuzawa, J., Fynbo, F., Gatti, M., Galeazzi, N., Gehrel, B., Gendre, G., Ghirlanda, G., Ghisellini, M., Gilfanov, P., Giommi, Girardi, Marisa, J., Grindlay, M., Cocchi, O., Godet, M., Guedel, F., Haardt, R., den Hartog, I., Hepburn, W., Hermsen, J., Hjorth, H., Hoekstra, A., Holland, A., Hornstrup, A., van der Horst, A., Hoshino, J. in t., Zand, K., Irwin, Y., Ishisaki, P., Jonker, T., Kitayama, H., Kawahara, N., Kawai, R., Kelley, C., Kilbourne, P., de Korte, A., Kusenko, I., Kuvvetli, M., Labanti, C., Macculi, R., Maiolino, M., Mas Hesse, K., Matsushita, P., Mazzotta, D., Mccammon, M., Méndez, R., Mignani, T., Mineo, K., Mitsuda, R., Mushotzky, S., Molendi, L., Moscardini, L., Natalucci, F., Nicastro, P. O., Brien, J., Osborne, F., Paerel, M., Page, S., Paltani, K., Pedersen, E., Perinati, T., Ponman, E., Pointecouteau, P., Predehl, S., Porter, A., Rasmussen, G., Rauw, H., Röttgering, M., Roncarelli, P., Rosati, E., Quadrini, O., Ruchayskiy, R., Salvaterra, S., Sasaki, K., Sato, S., Savaglio, J., Schaye, S., Sciortino, M., Shaposhnikov, R., Sharple, K., Shinozaki, D., Spiga, R., Sunyaev, Y., Suto, Y., Takei, N., Tanvir, M., Tashiro, T., Tamura, Y., Tawara, E., Troja, M., Tsujimoto, T., Tsuru, P., Ubertini, J., Ullom, E., Ursino, F., Verbunt, F., van de Voort, M., Viel, S., Wachter, D., Watson, M., Weisskopf, N., Werner, N., White, R., Willingale, R., Wijer, N., Yamasaki, K., Yoshikawa, S., Zane, Jan-Willem Herder, Luigi Piro, Takaya Ohashi, Chryssa Kouveliotou, Dieter H. Hartmann, Jelle S. Kaastra, L. Amati, M. I. Andersen, M. Arnaud, J. -L. Attéia, S. Bandler, M. Barbera, X. Barcon, S. Barthelmy, S. Basa, S. Basso, M. Boer, E. Branchini, G. Branduardi-Raymont, S. Borgani, A. Boyarsky, G. Brunetti, C. Budtz-Jorgensen, D. Burrow, N. Butler, S. Campana, E. Caroli, M. Ceballo, F. Christensen, E. Churazov, A. Comastri, L. Colasanti, R. Cole, R. Content, A. Corsi, E. Costantini, P. Conconi, G. Cusumano, J. Plaa, A. Rosa, M. Santo, S. Cosimo, M. Pasquale, R. Doriese, S. Ettori, P. Evan, Y. Ezoe, L. Ferrari, H. Finger, T. Figueroa-Feliciano, P. Friedrich, R. Fujimoto, A. Furuzawa, J. Fynbo, F. Gatti, M. Galeazzi, N. Gehrel, B. Gendre, G. Ghirlanda, G. Ghisellini, M. Gilfanov, P. Giommi, M. Girardi, J. Grindlay, M. Cocchi, O. Godet, M. Guedel, F. Haardt, R. Hartog, I. Hepburn, W. Hermsen, J. Hjorth, H. Hoekstra, A. Holland, A. Hornstrup, A. Horst, A. Hoshino, J. Zand, K. Irwin, Y. Ishisaki, P. Jonker, T. Kitayama, H. Kawahara, N. Kawai, R. Kelley, C. Kilbourne, P. Korte, A. Kusenko, I. Kuvvetli, M. Labanti, C. Macculi, R. Maiolino, M. Mas Hesse, K. Matsushita, P. Mazzotta, D. McCammon, M. Méndez, R. Mignani, T. Mineo, K. Mitsuda, R. Mushotzky, S. Molendi, L. Moscardini, L. Natalucci, F. Nicastro, P. O’Brien, J. Osborne, F. Paerel, M. Page, S. Paltani, K. Pedersen, E. Perinati, T. Ponman, E. Pointecouteau, P. Predehl, S. Porter, A. Rasmussen, G. Rauw, H. Röttgering, M. Roncarelli, P. Rosati, E. Quadrini, O. Ruchayskiy, R. Salvaterra, S. Sasaki, K. Sato, S. Savaglio, J. Schaye, S. Sciortino, M. Shaposhnikov, R. Sharple, K. Shinozaki, D. Spiga, R. Sunyaev, Y. Suto, Y. Takei, N. Tanvir, M. Tashiro, T. Tamura, Y. Tawara, E. Troja, M. Tsujimoto, T. Tsuru, P. Ubertini, J. Ullom, E. Ursino, F. Verbunt, F. Voort, M. Viel, S. Wachter, D. Watson, M. Weisskopf, N. Werner, N. White, R. Willingale, R. Wijer, N. Yamasaki, K. Yoshikawa, S. Zane, den Herder Jan, Willem, Piro, Luigi, Ohashi, Takaya, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, Hartmann Dieter, H., Kaastra Jelle, S., Amati, L., Andersen, M. I., Arnaud, M., Atteia, J. L., Bandler, S., Barbera, M., Barcons, X., Barthelmy, S., Basa, S., Basso, S., Boer, M., Branchini, ENZO FRANCO, Branduardi Raymont, G., Borgani, S., Boyarsky, A., Brunetti, G., Budtz Jorgensen, C., Burrows, D., Butler, N., Campana, S., Caroli, E., Ceballos, M., Christensen, F., Churazov, E., Comastri, A., Colasanti, L., Cole, R., Content, R., Corsi, A., Costantini, E., Conconi, P., Cusumano, G., de Plaa, J., De Rosa, A., Del Santo, M., Di Cosimo, S., De Pasquale, M., Doriese, R., Ettori, S., Evans, P., Ezoe, Y., Ferrari, L., Finger, H., Figueroa Feliciano, T., Friedrich, P., Fujimoto, R., Furuzawa, A., Fynbo, J., Gatti, F., Galeazzi, M., Gehrels, N., Gendre, B., Ghirlanda, G., Ghisellini, G., Gilfanov, M., Giommi, P., Girardi, M., Grindlay, J., Cocchi, M., Godet, O., Guedel, M., Haardt, F., den Hartog, R., Hepburn, I., Hermsen, W., Hjorth, J., Hoekstra, H., Holland, A., Hornstrup, A., van der Horst, A., Hoshino, A., in't Zand, J., Irwin, K., Ishisaki, Y., Jonker, P., Kitayama, T., Kawahara, H., Kawai, N., Kelley, R., Kilbourne, C., de Korte, P., Kusenko, A., Kuvvetli, I., Labanti, M., Macculi, C., Maiolino, R., Mas Hesse, M., Matsushita, K., Mazzotta, P., Mccammon, D., Mendez, M., Mignani, R., Mineo, T., Mitsuda, K., Mushotzky, R., Molendi, S., Moscardini, L., Natalucci, L., Nicastro, F., O'Brien, P., Osborne, J., Paerels, F., Page, M., Paltani, S., Pedersen, K., Perinati, E., Ponman, T., Pointecouteau, E., Predehl, P., Porter, S., Rasmussen, A., Rauw, G., Rottgering, H., Roncarelli, M., Rosati, P., Quadrini, E., Ruchayskiy, O., Salvaterra, R., Sasaki, S., Sato, K., Savaglio, S., Schaye, J., Sciortino, S., Shaposhnikov, M., Sharples, R., Shinozaki, K., Spiga, D., Sunyaev, R., Suto, Y., Takei, Y., Tanvir, N., Tashiro, M., Tamura, T., Tawara, Y., Troja, E., Tsujimoto, M., Tsuru, T., Ubertini, P., Ullom, J., Ursino, E., Verbunt, F., van de Voort, F., Viel, M., Wachter, S., Watson, D., Weisskopf, M., Werner, N., White, N., Willingale, R., Wijers, R., Yamasaki, N., Yoshikawa, K., and Zane, S.
- Subjects
HOT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM ,UNIVERSE ,Chemical evolution ,Mission ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Spectral line ,Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,media_common ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,NUCLEOSYNTHESIS ,COSMIC cancer database ,Clusters of galaxies ,Satellite Mission ,Epoch (reference date) ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,FOREST ,GALAXIES ,Gamma-ray bursts ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,X-ray, Mission, Gamma-ray bursts, Clusters of galaxies, Warm-hot intergalactic medium, Chemical evolution ,Warm-hot intergalactic medium ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics and Astronomy ,Structure formation ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Clusters of galaxie ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,REDSHIFT ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,X-ray Mission, Gamma-ray bursts, Clusters of galaxies, Warm-hot intergalactic medium, Chemical evolution ,ABSORPTION-SPECTRA ,010309 optics ,X-ray ,YIELDS ,0103 physical sciences ,Gamma-ray burst ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) ,Astronomy ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Redshift ,Galaxy ,Universe ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,CLUSTERS - Abstract
Herder, Jan-Willem den et al., ORIGIN is a proposal for the M3 mission call of ESA aimed at the study of metal creation from the epoch of cosmic dawn. Using high-spectral resolution in the soft X-ray band, ORIGIN will be able to identify the physical conditions of all abundant elements between C and Ni to red-shifts of z = 10, and beyond. The mission will answer questions such as: When were the first metals created? How does the cosmic metal content evolve? Where do most of the metals reside in the Universe? What is the role of metals in structure formation and evolution? To reach out to the early Universe ORIGIN will use Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) to study their local environments in their host galaxies. This requires the capability to slew the satellite in less than a minute to the GRB location. By studying the chemical composition and properties of clusters of galaxies we can extend the range of exploration to lower redshifts (z-0.2). For this task we need a high-resolution spectral imaging instrument with a large field of view. Using the same instrument, we can also study the so far only partially detected baryons in the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM). The less dense part of the WHIM will be studied using absorption lines at low redshift in the spectra for GRBs. The ORIGIN mission includes a Transient Event Detector (coded mask with a sensitivity of 0.4 photon/cm2/s in 10 s in the 5–150 keV band) to identify and localize 2000 GRBs over a five year mission, of which -65 GRBs have a redshift > 7. The Cryogenic Imaging Spectrometer, with a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV, a field of view of 30 arcmin and large effective area below 1 keV has the sensitivity to study clusters up to a significant fraction of the virial radius and to map the denser parts of the WHIM (factor 30 higher than achievable with current instruments). The payload is complemented by a Burst InfraRed Telescope to enable onboard red-shift determination of GRBs (hence securing proper follow up of high-z bursts) and also probes the mildly ionized state of the gas. Fast repointing is achieved by a dedicated ControlledMomentum Gyro and a low background is achieved by the selected low Earth orbit., The team likes to express its appreciation for the support of Astrium UK for the present study.
- Published
- 2011
3. EDGE: Explorer of diffuse emission and gamma-ray burst explosions
- Author
-
Piro, L., primary, den Herder, J. W., additional, Ohashi, T., additional, Amati, L., additional, Atteia, J. L., additional, Barthelmy, S., additional, Barbera, M., additional, Barret, D., additional, Basso, S., additional, Boer, M., additional, Borgani, S., additional, Boyarskiy, O., additional, Branchini, E., additional, Branduardi-Raymont, G., additional, Briggs, M., additional, Brunetti, G., additional, Budtz-Jorgensen, C., additional, Burrows, D., additional, Campana, S., additional, Caroli, E., additional, Chincarini, G., additional, Christensen, F., additional, Cocchi, M., additional, Comastri, A., additional, Corsi, A., additional, Cotroneo, V., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Colasanti, L., additional, Cusumano, G., additional, de Rosa, A., additional, Del Santo, M., additional, Ettori, S., additional, Ezoe, Y., additional, Ferrari, L., additional, Feroci, M., additional, Finger, M., additional, Fishman, G., additional, Fujimoto, R., additional, Galeazzi, M., additional, Galli, A., additional, Gatti, F., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Gendre, B., additional, Ghirlanda, G., additional, Ghisellini, G., additional, Giommi, P., additional, Girardi, M., additional, Guzzo, L., additional, Haardt, F., additional, Hepburn, I., additional, Hermsen, W., additional, Hoevers, H., additional, Holland, A., additional, in’t Zand, J., additional, Ishisaki, Y., additional, Kawahara, H., additional, Kawai, N., additional, Kaastra, J., additional, Kippen, M., additional, de Korte, P. A. J., additional, Kouveliotou, C., additional, Kusenko, A., additional, Labanti, C., additional, Lieu, R., additional, Macculi, C., additional, Makishima, K., additional, Matt, G., additional, Mazzotta, P., additional, McCammon, D., additional, Méndez, M., additional, Mineo, T., additional, Mitchell, S., additional, Mitsuda, K., additional, Molendi, S., additional, Moscardini, L., additional, Mushotzky, R., additional, Natalucci, L., additional, Nicastro, F., additional, O’Brien, P., additional, Osborne, J., additional, Paerels, F., additional, Page, M., additional, Paltani, S., additional, Pareschi, G., additional, Perinati, E., additional, Perola, C., additional, Ponman, T., additional, Rasmussen, A., additional, Roncarelli, M., additional, Rosati, P., additional, Ruchayskiy, O., additional, Quadrini, E., additional, Sakurai, I., additional, Salvaterra, R., additional, Sasaki, S., additional, Sato, G., additional, Schaye, J., additional, Schmitt, J., additional, Sciortino, S., additional, Shaposhnikov, M., additional, Shinozaki, K., additional, Spiga, D., additional, Suto, Y., additional, Tagliaferri, G., additional, Takahashi, T., additional, Takei, Y., additional, Tawara, Y., additional, Tozzi, P., additional, Tsunemi, H., additional, Tsuru, T., additional, Ubertini, P., additional, Ursino, E., additional, Viel, M., additional, Vink, J., additional, White, N., additional, Willingale, R., additional, Wijers, R., additional, Yoshikawa, K., additional, and Yamasaki, N., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. ORIGIN: metal creation and evolution from the cosmic dawn.
- Author
-
Herder, Jan-Willem, Piro, Luigi, Ohashi, Takaya, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, Hartmann, Dieter, Kaastra, Jelle, Amati, L., Andersen, M., Arnaud, M., Attéia, J., Bandler, S., Barbera, M., Barcons, X., Barthelmy, S., Basa, S., Basso, S., Boer, M., Branchini, E., Branduardi-Raymont, G., and Borgani, S.
- Subjects
X-ray astronomy ,COMPACT objects (Astronomy) ,GALAXY clusters ,GAMMA ray bursts ,GALACTIC evolution ,SENSITIVITY analysis - Abstract
ORIGIN is a proposal for the M3 mission call of ESA aimed at the study of metal creation from the epoch of cosmic dawn. Using high-spectral resolution in the soft X-ray band, ORIGIN will be able to identify the physical conditions of all abundant elements between C and Ni to red-shifts of z = 10, and beyond. The mission will answer questions such as: When were the first metals created? How does the cosmic metal content evolve? Where do most of the metals reside in the Universe? What is the role of metals in structure formation and evolution? To reach out to the early Universe ORIGIN will use Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) to study their local environments in their host galaxies. This requires the capability to slew the satellite in less than a minute to the GRB location. By studying the chemical composition and properties of clusters of galaxies we can extend the range of exploration to lower redshifts ( z ∼0.2). For this task we need a high-resolution spectral imaging instrument with a large field of view. Using the same instrument, we can also study the so far only partially detected baryons in the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM). The less dense part of the WHIM will be studied using absorption lines at low redshift in the spectra for GRBs. The ORIGIN mission includes a Transient Event Detector (coded mask with a sensitivity of 0.4 photon/cm/s in 10 s in the 5-150 keV band) to identify and localize 2000 GRBs over a five year mission, of which ∼65 GRBs have a redshift >7. The Cryogenic Imaging Spectrometer, with a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV, a field of view of 30 arcmin and large effective area below 1 keV has the sensitivity to study clusters up to a significant fraction of the virial radius and to map the denser parts of the WHIM (factor 30 higher than achievable with current instruments). The payload is complemented by a Burst InfraRed Telescope to enable onboard red-shift determination of GRBs (hence securing proper follow up of high-z bursts) and also probes the mildly ionized state of the gas. Fast repointing is achieved by a dedicated Controlled Momentum Gyro and a low background is achieved by the selected low Earth orbit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. EDGE: Explorer of diffuse emission and gamma-ray burst explosions.
- Author
-
Piro, L., den Herder, J. W., Ohashi, T., Amati, L., Atteia, J. L., Barthelmy, S., Barbera, M., Barret, D., Basso, S., Boer, M., Borgani, S., Boyarskiy, O., Branchini, E., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Briggs, M., Brunetti, G., Budtz-Jorgensen, C., Burrows, D., Campana, S., and Caroli, E.
- Subjects
GAMMA ray bursts ,BARYONS ,X-ray astronomy ,GALAXY clusters ,METAPHYSICAL cosmology ,MOLECULAR astrophysics ,STELLAR dynamics - Abstract
How structures of various scales formed and evolved from the early Universe up to present time is a fundamental question of astrophysical cosmology. EDGE (Piro et al., ) will trace the cosmic history of the baryons from the early generations of massive stars by Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) explosions, through the period of galaxy cluster formation, down to the very low redshift Universe, when between a third and one half of the baryons are expected to reside in cosmic filaments undergoing gravitational collapse by dark matter (the so-called warm hot intragalactic medium). In addition EDGE, with its unprecedented capabilities, will provide key results in many important fields. These scientific goals are feasible with a medium class mission using existing technology combined with innovative instrumental and observational capabilities by: (a) observing with fast reaction Gamma-Ray Bursts with a high spectral resolution. This enables the study of their star-forming and host galaxy environments and the use of GRBs as back lights of large scale cosmological structures; (b) observing and surveying extended sources (galaxy clusters, WHIM) with high sensitivity using two wide field of view X-ray telescopes (one with a high angular resolution and the other with a high spectral resolution). The mission concept includes four main instruments: a Wide-field Spectrometer (0.1–2.2 eV) with excellent energy resolution (3 eV at 0.6 keV), a Wide-Field Imager (0.3–6 keV) with high angular resolution (HPD = 15”) constant over the full 1.4 degree field of view, and a Wide Field Monitor (8–200 keV) with a FOV of ¼ of the sky, which will trigger the fast repointing to the GRB. Extension of its energy response up to 1 MeV will be achieved with a GRB detector with no imaging capability. This mission is proposed to ESA as part of the Cosmic Vision call. We will outline the science drivers and describe in more detail the payload of this mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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