Search

Introduction Recent studies have emphasized the importance of clinical manifestations, such as insomnia and sleepiness, in defining phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), shifting from a focus on OSA severity and sleep structure. Objectives The study aimed to characterize insomnia and sleepiness associated with OSA phenotypes and assess their involvement in depression symptoms (DS) in OSA. Methods A total of 181 participants undergoing polysomnography (PSG) were asked to fill out questionnaires, including Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Back Depression Index (BDI). They were categorized into phenotypes: insomnia-sleepiness (I+S; ESS≥11; ISI≥15; n=20), sleepiness (S; ESS≥11; ISI

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing during sleep leading to sleep fragmentation and further excessive daytime sleepiness. Therefore, OSA patients are at high risk of suffering from complications from psychiatric disorders. Serotonin is a known neurotransmitter and together with serotonin transporter (SERT) is involved in the development of depression and insomnia. Objectives The study aimed to evaluate serotonin and SERT levels among OSA and healthy individuals and their association with insomnia and depression symptoms. Methods Forty individuals following polysomnography (PSG), based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), were divided into 2 groups: the OSA group (AHI30; n=20) and the control group (AHI5) and without (BDI (-)) and with (BDI (+)) depression symptoms BDI (BDI>19). Results No differences between the OSA and control groups in serotonin (128.8 (73.4 – 209.0) vs. 132.7 (69.9 – 214.6) ng/ml, p=0.805 and SERT (55.8 (39.7 – 64.80) vs. 576.4 (424.2 – 658.3) pg/ml, p=0.564) levels were observed. In OSA group SERT level correlated with AHI (r=0.409, p=0.043), desaturation index (r=0.504, p=0.024) and mean oxygen desaturation during night (r=-0.522, p=0.018), while serotonin level was associated with BMI (r=0.550, p=0.012), but not PSG parameters. Serotonin level was higher in the AIS (+) group but only in healthy individuals. Further, serotonin levels decreased in the BDI (+) group, yet this finding was observed only in the control group. Conclusions The results show that serotonin levels are associated with the presence of insomnia in depression, but quite interestingly only among healthy individuals. The association between oxygen desaturation and SERT levels suggests the involvement of hypoxia in the serotonin signaling pathway. Yet further studies on larger populations are needed to better understand the mechanisms responsible for the development of psychiatric complications in OSA patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction Sleep deprivation (SD) is being examined in the treatment of depression and other affective disorders for years. However, studies’ outcomes remain ambiguous, with varying levels of clinical improvement and its ephemeral character. Thus, it is necessary to find new factors accounting for the variability of results to develop new therapeutic protocols. Objectives The study aimed to assess the influence of physical activity on mood and reaction speed following SD. Methods The study group consisted of 71 participants. SD lasted about 24 hours, beginning in the morning hours of the SD day to the morning hours of the following day. Physical activity (PA) was controlled using actigraphy (actigraph GENEActive Original, ActivInsights Ltd.) given to each participant. Participants underwent the reaction speed test (Response Time Test Apparatus, AT Smart Systems, Poland) and filled out a questionnaire assessing depression symptoms- Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), in the evening of the SD day, and the following morning. Based on the percentage of sedentary time (gravity-subtracted sum of vector magnitudes0.05). The inactive group had a significantly lower BDI score following SD in comparison with their baseline parameters (5, IQR 1-12 vs. 3, IQR 0-12, p=0.024) than the active group (3, IQR 1-6 vs. 3, IQR 0-7, p=0.408). Reaction speed after SD was impaired in both active (0.216, IQR 0.206-0.226 vs. 0.231, IQR 0.222-0.46, p

Introduction Personality disorder (PD) is defined as an enduring and inflexible pattern of long duration leading to significant distress or impairment and is not due to the use of substances or another medical condition. In general, the main form of therapy for PD is psychotherapy, with adjuvant pharmacotherapy. Due to a predisposition to instability and decompensation, individuals with PD are more likely to be admitted to a psychiatric hospital. With the passing of time, the frequency of PD diagnosis has been rising. Objectives The study aimed to assess changes in the prevalence of PD diagnosis between the years 2009 and 2021 in the Psychiatric Central Clinical Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz (Poland) and the characteristics of admitted patients. Methods This retrospective included 27097 records of patients admitted for psychiatric hospitalization between the years 2009 and 2021. The diagnosis of PD (F60 and F61) was based on ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. For analysis, both main, as well as coexisting diagnoses of PD were included. For the analysis patients were divided into subgroups based on age and legal gender. Results We observed a statistically significant increase in the number of hospitalization of individuals with PD (6,94% in 2009 and 14,29% in 2021; p

Introduction There is a huge need to search for new treatment options for depression but as well as its comorbidities. Particularly, depression and metabolic abnormalities often coexist, while a pathophysiological overlap, including microbiota changes, may play a role. Thus, the trials of microbiota interventions (e.g., probiotics) may establish a safe and easy-to-use treatment option as an adjunctive therapy in patients only partially responsive to pharmacological treatment. Objectives The paper presents preliminary results of an RCT on the effect of probiotic supplementation on depression, anxiety and stress level, anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters in adult patients with depressive disorders. Methods The trial was a two-arm, parallel-group, prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled design that included 43 participants and lasted 60 days. The probiotic preparation contained Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell®-52 and Bifidobacterium longum Rosell®-175 in the amount of 3 × 109 colony forming units (CFU). We assessed depression level with Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), depressiveness, anxiety and stress level with 21-item version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), quality of life, blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference, complete blood count, serum levels of C-reactive protein, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, selected secondary markers of inflammation and metabolic risk, as well as noninvasive biomarkers of liver fibrosis (APRI and FIB-4). Results There were no differences in sociodemographic traits and psychometric questionnaires scores, as well as in anthropometric and basic laboratory findings between placebo and probiotic group at the start of the intervention period. Interestingly, there was a statistically significant improvement in MADRS score in both, placebo (p=0,010) and probiotic group (p=0,037) after intervention (see figure). The same finding was observed in total DASS-21 score as well as anxiety subscale of DASS-21. However, there were no differences in anthropometric, inflammation or metabolic laboratory parameters at the end of the study regardless of intervention. Image: Conclusions Whilst probiotics may benefit some individuals who do not fully respond to antidepressant medications, our study did not show the superiority of probiotics over placebo in managing depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, the target clinical sample, as well as the intervention period and dosage of preparation for this intervention is not fully recognized. Moreover, larger clinical sample may be needed to detect differences between placebo and probiotics. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction: Recent studies have emphasized the importance of clinical manifestations, such as insomnia and sleepiness, in defining phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), shifting from a focus on OSA severity and sleep structure. Objectives: The study aimed to characterize insomnia and sleepiness associated with OSA phenotypes and assess their involvement in depression symptoms (DS) in OSA. Methods: A total of 181 participants undergoing polysomnography (PSG) were asked to fill out questionnaires, including Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Back Depression Index (BDI). They were categorized into phenotypes: insomnia-sleepiness (I+S; ESS≥11; ISI≥15; n=20), sleepiness (S; ESS≥11; ISI<15; n=22), insomnia (I; ESS<11; ISI≥15) and asymptomatic (A; ESS<11; ISI<15; n=55). Results: A linear regression model for BDI score (R2=0.357, p<0.001) included ISI score and subjective to objective sleep latency ratio. ISI score was a predictive factor for mild and moderate DS (OR=1.226, p<0.001 and OR=1.392, p=0.002, respectively). I and I+S phenotypes are characterized by higher BDI scores (p<0.001 and p=0.015), longer subjective sleep latency (p=0.008 and p=0.041), and shorter subjective total sleep time (TST; p=0.049 and p=0.006), compared to A. Furthermore, the I and I+S groups had shorter subjective TST than S (p=0.028 and p=0.047). I and I+S had higher BDI scores than A (p<0.001 and p=0.015, respectively) and S (p<0.001 and p=0.017, respectively). I phenotype was associated with the risk of mild and moderate DS (OR=5.614, p<0.001 and OR=9.550, p=0.008 respectively). Moreover, the I+S phenotype presented an even greater risk for mild DS (OR=10.286, p<0.001). Conclusions: The study suggests that using clinical features for OSA phenotyping holds promise for finding OSA individuals with increased risk for the occurrence of DS. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]