Search

Introduction Pain syndrome is integral acute sign of drug addiction at psychoactive substance deprivation and is a severe urgent state. Objectives and aims To work out integrated approaches to pain syndrome cessation with combined pharmacotherapy and non-pharmaceutical methods. To study dynamics of pain syndrome reduction at application of the developed methods. Methods One hundred and eighty-nine opioid addicts (cessation state) were examined. The treatment efficiency was evaluated with visual analogue scale; Roland-Morris questionnaire; pain numeric rating scale. Results Four innovative options of modified therapy for pain authorized with the patents of Ukraine were proposed (with membrane plasmapheresis, medical electrophoresis, laser therapy and standard pharmacotherapy): – pain syndrome cessation in opioid addicts is provided with Tramadol (up to 600 mg i/m), at intravascular laser hemotherapy (wavelength 0.63 mcm, power 2 mW, 30–40 min exposure, 3–4 days course); – recurrent deprivation pain syndrome cessation is realized by membrane plasmapheresis with intravascular laser blood irradiation and i/m 1.0 mL Ketanov solution 2–3 days; – pain syndrome treatment in drug and alcohol addicts is provided with Analgin and Sibazon by electrophoresis, current 1.5–5 mA, exposure 25–30 min, 1–2 procedures daily; – pain syndrome cessation in drug addicts is performed by injection of 0.5% Seduxen solution (up to 4.0 mL), paracetamol – (up to 0.4 g), 10% solution of sodium caffeine benzoate – 1.0–2.0 mL subcutaneously, at night – 0.5% seduxen 2.0–4.0 mL, paracetamol – 0.2–0.4 g. Conclusions Monitoring and statistical processing data proved that the proposed methods give 1.5–2-fold growth in efficiency of treatment for pain syndrome in drug addicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Distinctness of tremor in abstinent disorders at alcohol and drug addiction are polymorphous in expressiveness degree, localization, typical dynamics of growing from latent, subclinical to big swing tremor of fingers. Aims and objectives To elaborate the differentiated diagnosis method for tremor in drug addicts to solve examination and medical problems in clinical narcology. Method The new method of expert diagnosis of latent tremor in narcology with complex examination of the respondent's capacity to complete test tasks for the precisement of purposeful sensorimotor movements and operations coordination with laser test was introduced. Laser beam pointer visual manual guidance at 2–3 meter distance standard target and the beam fixation at the centre (“top ten”) reveals the patient's capacity within 5–10 seconds. Laser light spot trembling appearance out of “top ten” circle while twice-thrice completing the test is considered the positive result and tremor severity is evaluated depending on the beam vibration amplitude. Results Twenty-five alcohol and 25 drug addicts were examined. Visually, tremor presence and severity coincided with testing results entirely. Ability to keep beam in “top ten” area demonstrated tremor absence; laser spot vibration over “top ten”–the latent tremor; laser spot trembling within circles 9–10 – the moderate tremor; within the 6th–4th circles – medium severity; from 3rd–1st and 0th circle – the severe tremor is identified. Conclusions The method allows to increase the diagnosis efficiency and tremor identification at narcological diseases that gives opportunity to solve definite differential diagnostic problems in the expert centers for intoxication states examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Statistical data prove that the most traffic accidents happen at the traffic lights controlled crossings predominantly due to decreased attention at permanently changing traffic lights triad and narrowing traffic parameters panoramic view. Aims and objectives To develop method optimizing human psychophysiological functions (perception, attention, peripheral vision, operative memory) as integral base for most intellectual functions. Method The new approach for psychophysiological functions activation consists of addition of the traffic lights complete color gamut to the famous Schulte test (1–25 numbers depicted in black at consequently changing red, yellow and green background in cells). Results Two groups each of 25 respondents were examined. New technology on modified Schulte table (once-twice a day 25–30 min exercise repetition for 7–10 days) was used in the main group. Traditional (black-and-white) Schulte tables were applied in control group. Training efficiency in the main group 2.1 times exceeded this in control group. Thus, the main group respondent's ability for high operation speed in attention (average evaluation) was reached after the 3-day training while in the control group–by 6th day. Considerably quicker the main group could demonstrate the ability for panoramic perception of traffic lights color analogues and identification of ordinal numbers in modified Schulte table. It has been established that modification of Schulte tables improves intensity, volume, concentration, stability, distractability of attention and mobilization of memory. Conclusions The elaborated method allows to concentrate at information aspects of traffic, isolate the external stimuli, control the own activity in anti-accident paradigm and traffic safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction The work presents HIV PLEDGE project cooperative results of Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education (KhMAPE) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in Ukraine which correspond the Law of Ukraine “On the Higher Education” requirements. Objectives and aims The project is aimed at the reduction of HIV-infection, tuberculosis and other comorbid disorders in drug addicts in Ukraine. The results are expected to be introduced into postgraduate training for doctors narcologists of Ukraine at the resource training centre (RTC) created under UNODC aegis according to innovation international education and technology standards criteria adapted for all forms of postgraduate training including medical residency. Methods Clinical, laboratory, epidemiological methods, statistical monitoring were applied for modern drug addiction conditions. Results The research allowed: – to increase abilities of KhMAPE departments to provide up-to-date epidemiological information for narcological diseases, pathophysiology, treatment, prevention, rehabilitation, HIV-linked medical and non-medical services integration in routine practice; – to approach renewed academic programs, distance training courses, certification, special modern software, computer technologies, internet resources; – to increase the postgraduate education efficiency and quality; – to apply up-to-date information concerning treatment; – to provide tuition and online training. RTC was equipped with special software, valid educational and diagnostic tests, e-libraries, research analytical reports, Tritnet educational and information materials, presentation setup. RTC provides monitoring system of academic efficiency “Smart Senteo”, distance training module program, database server “Osvita”. Conclusions RTC efficiency and prospects of new form of postgraduate medical training for doctors narcologists in residency have been grounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Among drug addicts cohort in Ukrainian population, the phenomenon of codeine narcotic effect intensification and prolongation with antibiotic levomycetin simultaneous combined dose was identified. Current narcology encounters the insufficiently studied problem of drug addicts who lost vision due to levomycetin abuse at chronic codeine intoxication. Continuous levomycetin abuse was proved to cause optic nerve neuritis followed with eyesight loss. This is connected with discrete loss of eyesight pathogenesis in opioidaddicts. Aims and objectives To elaborate integrated method of treatment considering main pathogenic links of this narcotic addiction. Method It is based on combined therapy at traditional detoxication and includes membrane plasmapheresis 2–5 times at once every 3 days. Everyday 2.0 mL pyridoxin hydrochloride 5% solution for 15 days. Capillary stabilizer l -lysine aescinat in drops once in 24 h for 5–8 days. Transorbital medicinal electrophoresis (thiamine bromide 2.5% solution), 15–20 min exposure, daily, 10–12 procedures. Peroral retinol acetate, 1 capsule 3–4 times daily, for 7–10 days. Enterosorbent atoxil, 10–12 g daily, for 3–5 days. Results Five codeine addicts with neuro-ophtalmic disorders due to levomycetin abuse as a narco-associated phenomenon were examined. The addicts explained additional levomycetin composition in individual narcotization schemes by the aim to intensify and prolong codeine effects maintaining its stable dose. Combined comprehensive therapy restored the eyesight partially; renewed capacity to move independently, the patients’ disability was ceased. Conclusions Membrane plasmapheresis in the proposed method integrates in therapy the prescribed pharmaceuticals and corresponds numerous tasks of detoxication at continuous combined codein and levomycetin abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]