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Total cross sections of electron scattering by eight molecules NF, PF, N(CH), P(CH), NH(CH), PH(CH), NHCH and PHCH, which have some structural similarities, are calculated at the Hartree-Fork level by the modified additivity rule approach [D.H. Shi, J.F. Sun, Z.L. Zhu, H. Ma, Y.F. Liu, Eur. Phys. J. D 45, 253 (2007); D.H. Shi, J.F. Sun, Y.F. Liu, Z.L. Zhu, X.D. Yang, Chin. Opt. Lett. 4, 192 (2006)]. The modified additivity rule approach takes into considerations that the contributions of the geometric shielding effect vary as the energy of incident electrons, the dimension of target molecule, the number of electrons in the molecule and the number of atoms constituting the molecule. The present investigations cover the impact energy range from 30 to 5000 eV. The quantitative total cross sections are compared with those obtained by experiments and other theories. Excellent agreement is observed even at energies of several tens of eV. It shows that the modified additivity rule approach is applicable to carry out the total cross section calculations of electron scattering by these molecules at intermediate and high energies, in particular over the energy range above 80 eV or so. It proves that the microscopic molecular properties, such as the geometrical size of the target and the number of atoms constituting the molecule, are of crucial importance in the TCS calculations. The new results for PH(CH) and PHCH are also presented at energies from 30 to 5000 eV, although no experimental and theoretical data are available for comparison. In the present calculations, the atoms are still represented by the spherical complex optical potential, which is composed of static, exchange, polarization and absorption terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To quantify the changes in the geometric shielding effect in a molecule as the incident electron energy varies, an empirical fraction, which represents the total cross section contributions of shielded atoms in a molecule at different energies, is presented. Using this empirical fraction, the total cross sections for electron scattering by CH4, C2H6, C2H3F3, C2H4, C2F4, C2Cl4 and C2Cl2F2 are calculated over a wide energy range from 30 to 5000 eV by the additivity rule model at the Hartree-Fock level. The quantitative total cross sections are compared with those obtained by experiment and other theories where available. Good agreement is attained above 100 eV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melting phase transition of atomic clusters has attracted a lot of interest in the last several decades due to their peculiar behaviors different from their bulk counterpart. Investigation of this kind of phase transition leads to the understanding of thermodynamics of finite systems. Recent progress in the experiments measuring thermodynamic properties of sized-selected atomic clusters has motivated the theoretical research interest in this area. In this report, heat capacities of aluminum clusters with around 55 atoms are investigated using extremely long constant energy molecular dynamics simulation with empirical many-body interaction potential. Some features of the heat capacity can be interpreted by the energy spectra obtained from quenches along the trajectories. Dips that emerged in the heat capacities in the previous experiment are not found. Different isomers are taken as the initial structures and found to anneal into the lowest energy structure before melting during the temperature increasing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total cross sections of electron scattering by several sulfur-containing molecules OCS, SO2, SF4, SF6, SF5CF3, SO2Cl2 and SO2ClF are calculated at the Hartree-Fork level employing the modified additivity rule approach. The modified additivity rule approach, which was proposed by Shi et al. [Eur. Phys. J. D 45, 253 (2007); Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 254, 205 (2007)], takes into consideration that the contributions of the geometric shielding effect vary as the energy of incident electrons, the target’s molecular dimension and the atomic and electronic numbers in the molecule. The present investigations cover the impact energies ranging from 30 to 5000 eV. The quantitative total cross sections are compared with those obtained by experiments and other theories. Good agreement is observed even at energies of several tens of eV. It shows that the modified additivity rule approach is applicable to carry out the total cross section calculations of electron scattering by these sulfur-containing molecules at intermediate and high energies, especially over the energy range above 100 eV or so. In the present calculations, the atoms are still represented by the spherical complex optical potential, which is composed of static, exchange, polarization and absorption terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total cross sections for electron scattering by large molecules C4H8O, C5H10O2, C6H5F, C6H5Cl, C6F5Cl, C6H4(CHO)F and C4H8O2 are calculated at the Hartree-Fork level using the modified additivity rule approach. The modified additivity rule approach, which was proposed by Shi et al. [Eur. Phys. J. D 45, 253 (2007); Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 254, 205 (2007)], takes into consideration that the contributions of the geometric shielding effect vary with the energy of the incident electrons, the target’s molecular dimension and the atomic and electronic numbers of the molecule. The present calculations cover the collision energies ranging from 30 to 5000 eV. The quantitative total cross sections are compared with those obtained by experiments and other theories. Good agreement is obtained even at energies of several tens of eV. It shows that the modified additivity rule approach is applicable to calculate the total cross sections of electron scattering by so large molecules at intermediate and high energies, especially above 100 eV. The total cross sections for electron scattering by the C4H8O2 molecule are predicted although no experimental and theoretical data are available for comparison over the present energy region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]