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In order to determine the significance of HR-HPV (high risk HPV, HR-HPV) E6/E7 mRNA detection for screening the severity of cervical cancer in relation to age, a total of 308 patients were admitted to the Department of Gynecology at The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between July 2017 and July 2018 and underwent LBC (Liquid Based Cytology) detection and HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection. Data were then compared with the criteria laid down by the Pathology Department. The positive rate of HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection was significantly higher in a CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) group than in a chronic cervicitis group. The sensitivity of LBC was higher than that for HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection, while the specificity of LBC detection was higher than that of HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection (p < 0.05). For women under 30 years old, the specificity of HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection was lower than that of LBC detection, while the sensitivity of HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection was higher than that of LBC detection. For women 30 years-of-age and above, the specificity of HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection was significantly lower than that for LBC. HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection has significant advantages for the screening of cervical cancer, especially in women under 30 years old. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]