Search

Showing total 26 results
Start Over Topic antidepressant Journal european journal of clinical pharmacology
26 results

3. Role of serotonin and norepinephrine transporters in antidepressant-induced arterial hypertension: a pharmacoepidemiological-pharmacodynamic study.

Author

Montastruc, Jean-Louis, Rousseau, Vanessa, de Canecaude, Claire, Roussin, Anne, and Montastruc, François

Subjects
AMINES, ANTIDEPRESSANTS, CARRIER proteins, CELLULAR signal transduction, COMPARATIVE studies, CONFIDENCE intervals, STATISTICAL correlation, HYPEREMIA, NORADRENALINE, PATIENT safety, PHARMACOLOGY, PROBABILITY theory, REGRESSION analysis, SEROTONIN uptake inhibitors, SECONDARY analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ODDS ratio
Abstract

Purpose: Some reports have described arterial hypertension (AH) in patients treated by serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressants. The mechanism remains discussed, some authors suggesting a role of SERT (SERotonin Transporter) inhibition whereas others discussing NET (NorEpinephrine Transporter) involvement. The present study used the pharmacoepidemiological-pharmacodynamic (PE-PD) method to investigate the role of these transporters in SRI- and SNRI-induced AH. Methods: The study involved two successive approaches: first, a PE study (disproportionality analysis) investigating in VigiBase®, the World Health Organization Individual Case safety Report (ICSR) database, the relationships between exposure to SRI AND SNRI, and reports of AH. The primary analysis compared patients receiving one SRI (or one SNRI) with non-users. Secondary analyses were performed according to the pharmacological classes. Results are expressed as reporting odds ratios (ROR) with 95% CI and information component (IC), an indicator for disproportionate Bayesian reporting. Second, we performed a PD study using linear regression analyses to explore the association between the AH signal and binding affinities for NET and SERT (expressed as their pKi ratio) of SRIs and SNRIs. Results: A significant ROR value was found for each individual SRI (except fluvoxamine) and each individual SNRI. ROR values were also significant for SRIs and SNRIs in general with higher values for SNRIs than for SRIs. Similar trends were found using IC. A significant correlation was found between the signal of AH and the NET/SERT pKi ratio (y = 6.57x – 2.55, R2 = 0.68, Pearson coefficient correlation = 0.82). Conclusion: The present study found a positive association between the NET/SERT pKi ratio and the occurrence of arterial hypertension with SRI and SNRI antidepressants. These results are important for the selection of antidepressants in hypertensive and/or at risk depressive patients as well as for future development of antidepressants devoid of hypertensive effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The human pharmacology of GB 94 - a new psychotropic agent.

Author

Fell, P., Quantock, D., and Burg, W.

Abstract

Details are given of how the effects of a new psychoactive compound in man were studied with standard techniques and with a new method of quantitative electroencephalography which indicated an activity not previously detected in animals. Based on these findings, clinical trials were performed in cases of depression and the results confirmed the electroencephalographic prediction. The safety margins and various haematological, biochemical and physiological activities of the drug are also discussed, including sedation, effects on serotonin and carbohydrate metabolism and changes in the cardiovascular system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1973
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Adverse effects profile of the herbal antidepressant St. John's wort ( Hypericum perforatum L.)

Author

Julia I Rand, Joanne Barnes, Edzard Ernst, and Clare Stevinson

Subjects
Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Placebo, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Adverse effect, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, media_common, Pharmacology, Photosensitizing Agents, biology, Traditional medicine, Plant Extracts, business.industry, Hypericum perforatum, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, Clinical trial, Antidepressant, Drug Monitoring, Hypericum, business, Adverse drug reaction, Ericales
Abstract

Objective: This paper provides a systematic review of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the use of extracts of the herb St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) for the treatment of mild to moderate depression. Methods: Searches of four computerized literature databases were performed for records of (ADRs). Manufacturers of hypericum products, the international drug monitoring centre of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the national drug safety monitoring bodies of Germany and the United Kingdom were also contacted for information. Results: Information on (ADRs) originates from case reports, clinical trials, post-marketing surveillance and drug monitoring studies. Collectively, the data suggest that hypericum is well tolerated, with an incidence of adverse reactions similar to that of placebo. The most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal symptoms, dizziness/confusion and tiredness/sedation. A potential serious adverse effect is photosensitivity, but this appears to occur extremely rarely. Conclusions: Hypericum has an encouraging safety profile. However, as most of the current data originate from short-term investigations, more long-term studies are desirable.

Published
1998

20. Hyperforin in St. John's wort drug interactions

Author

Rajanikanth Madabushi, Veronika Butterweck, Bruno Frank, Hartmut Derendorf, and Bernd Drewelow

Subjects
Herb-Drug Interactions, Pharmacology, Phloroglucinol, Imipramine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Fluoxetine, Plants, Medicinal, CYP3A4, business.industry, Terpenes, Hypericum perforatum, General Medicine, Drug interaction, Hyperforin, chemistry, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Antidepressant, business, Hypericum, medicine.drug
Abstract

Recently, interactions of herbal medicines with synthetic drugs came into focus of particular interest. In the past 3 years, more than 50 papers were published regarding interactions between St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.; SJW) and prescription drugs. Co-medication with SJW resulted in decreased plasma concentrations of a number of drugs including amitriptyline, cyclosporine, digoxin, indinavir, irinotecan, warfarin, phenprocoumon, alprazolam, dextrometorphane, simvastatin, and oral contraceptives. Sufficient evidence from interaction studies and case reports indicate that SJW is a potent inducer of cytochrome P450 enzymes (particularly CYP3A4) and/or P-glycoprotein. Recent studies could show that the degree of enzyme induction by SJW correlates strongly with the amount of hyperforin found in the product. Products that do not contain substantial amounts of hyperforin (

Published
2005