14 results on '"Hills, Andrew P."'
Search Results
2. Body composition assessment in 6-month-old infants: A comparison of two- and three-compartment models using data from the Baby-bod study
- Author
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Herath, Manoja P., primary, Beckett, Jeffrey M., additional, Jayasinghe, Sisitha, additional, Byrne, Nuala M., additional, Ahuja, Kiran D. K., additional, and Hills, Andrew P., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Anthropometry-based prediction of body fat in infants from birth to 6 months: the Baby-bod study
- Author
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Jayasinghe, Sisitha, Herath, Manoja P., Beckett, Jeffrey M., Ahuja, Kiran D. K., Byrne, Nuala M., and Hills, Andrew P.
- Subjects
Body composition -- Models -- Health aspects ,Adipose tissues -- Models ,Anthropometry -- Usage ,Infants -- Development ,Pediatric research ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Background/objectives Prediction equations generated from anthropometric measures are frequently used to quantify paediatric body composition. We tested the agreeability and predictive power of select (Lingwood and Aris) fat mass prediction equations against body fat measured via ADP; and generated and evaluated new anthropometry-based models for use in the first 6 months of life. Subjects/methods Data were obtained from 278 white European Australian infants at birth, 3 and 6 months. Prediction models (i.e. Baby-bod models) were generated for each time point via stepwise linear regression and compared for agreeability with ADP via limits of agreement, mean difference and total bias in Bland-Altman analyses. Predictive power of all equations in comparison to ADP were assessed using linear regression analysis. Results Overall, there was poor agreeability between percent body fat predicted via published equations and ADP. Proportional bias was detected for both methods (i.e. published equations and Baby-bod models) of body fat prediction. At birth, both Lingwood and BB0 equations overestimated percent body fat at the lower end of the FM spectrum. This trend was repeated at 3 months with all equations displaying a propensity to overestimate body fat at lower FM levels and underestimate at higher FM levels. Conclusions The results indicate that anthropometry, although less costly and relatively easier to implement, does not always produce comparable results with objective measures such as ADP. Given the importance of the accurate assessment of physical growth, including body composition in early life, it is timely to recommend the increased utilisation of techniques such as ADP., Author(s): Sisitha Jayasinghe [sup.1] , Manoja P. Herath [sup.1] , Jeffrey M. Beckett [sup.1] , Kiran D. K. Ahuja [sup.1] , Nuala M. Byrne [sup.1] , Andrew P. Hills [sup.1] [...]
- Published
- 2021
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4. The range of non-traditional anthropometric parameters to define obesity and obesity-related disease in children: a systematic review
- Author
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Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Jayawardena, Ranil, Gamage, Nishadi, Pujitha Wickramasinghe, V., and Hills, Andrew P.
- Subjects
Body size -- Health aspects ,Obesity in children -- Diagnosis ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Obesity is defined as an abnormal/excessive accumulation of body fat, associated with health consequences. Although overall obesity does confer a significant threat to the health of individuals, the distribution of body fat, especially abdominal/central obesity is of greater importance. For practical reasons, proxy anthropometric measurements have been developed to identify central obesity, however, major limitations are noted in these traditional measurements. The present study aims to evaluate the literature, to identify and describe non-traditional anthropometric measurements of overweight and obesity in children. The current systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, and the search was undertaken in the PubMed.sup.® database, using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms. Data extracted from each study were: (a) details of the study, (b) anthropometric parameter(s) evaluated in the study and its details, (c) study methods, (d) objectives of the study and/or comparisons, and (e) main findings/conclusions of the study. The search yielded a total of 3697 articles, of which 31 studies were deemed eligible to be included. The literature search identified 13 non-traditional anthropometric parameters. Data on non-traditional anthropometric parameters were derived from 24 countries. Majority were descriptive cross-sectional studies (n = 29), while sample size varied from 65 to 23,043. Non-traditional anthropometric parameters showed variable correlation with obesity and/or related metabolic risk factors. Some parameters involved complex calculations, while others were based on a single anthropometric measurement or derived from traditional measures. Most studies lacked comparison with a 'gold standard' assessment of body fat, hence further research is required to determine their accuracy and precision., Author(s): Priyanga Ranasinghe [sup.1] , Ranil Jayawardena [sup.2] [sup.3] , Nishadi Gamage [sup.1] , V. Pujitha Wickramasinghe [sup.4] , Andrew P. Hills [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty [...]
- Published
- 2021
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5. Body composition of infants at 6 months of age using a 3-compartment model
- Author
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Kuriyan, Rebecca, Hills, Andrew P., Murphy-Alford, Alexia, Padmanabha, Ramya, Nyati, Lukhanyo H., Byrne, Nuala M., Kurpad, Anura V., and Norris, Shane
- Abstract
Background/Objectives: Two compartment (2 C) models of body composition, including Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) and Deuterium Dilution (DD), assume constant composition of fat-free mass (FFM), while 3-compartment (3 C) model overcomes some of these assumptions; studies are limited in infants. The objective of the present study is to compare 3 C estimates of body composition in 6-mo. old infants from Australia, India, and South Africa, including FFM density and hydration, compare with published literature and to evaluate agreement of body composition estimates from ADP and DD. Methods: Body volume and water were measured in 176 healthy infants using ADP and DD. 3C-model estimates of fat mass (FM), FFM and its composition were calculated, compared between countries (age and sex adjusted) and with published literature. Agreement between estimates from ADP and DD were compared by Bland–Altman and correlation analyses. Results: South African infants had significantly higher % FM (11.5%) and density of FFM compared to Australian infants. Australian infants had significantly higher % FFM (74.7 ± 4.4%) compared to South African infants (71.4 ± 5.0) and higher FFMI (12.7 ± 0.8 kg/m
2 ) compared to South African (12.3 ± 1.2 kg/m2 ) and Indian infants (11.9 ± 1.0 kg/m2 ). FFM composition of present study differed significantly from literature. Pooled three country estimates of FM and FFM were comparable between ADP and DD; mean difference of −0.05 (95% CI: −0.64, +0.55) kg and +0.05 (95% CI: −0.55, +0.64) kg. Conclusions: 3C-model estimates of body composition in infants differed between countries; future studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate causes for the differences.- Published
- 2024
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6. Infant growth and body composition from birth to 24 months: are infants developing the same?
- Author
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Norris, Shane A., Nyati, Lukhanyo H., Murphy-Alford, Alexia, Lucas, Nishani, Santos, Ina S., Costa, Caroline S., Kuriyan, Rebecca, Wickranasinghe, V. Pujitha, Ariff, Shabina, Jayasinghe, Sisitha, Kurpad, Anura V., Ismail, Leila Cheikh, and Hills, Andrew P.
- Abstract
Background: Given the importance of infancy for establishing growth trajectories, with later-life health consequences, we investigated longitudinal body composition among infants from six economically and ethnically diverse countries. Methods: We recruited mother-infant dyads using the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study criteria. We measured fat-free mass (FFM) in 1393 (49% female) infants from birth to 6 months of age (Australia, India, and South Africa; n= 468), 3–24 months of age (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka; n= 925), and derived fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length (WHZ) Z-scores were computed. Sex differences were assessed using a t-test, and country differences using a one-way analysis of covariance. We further compared subsamples of children with average (−0.25 > HAZ < +0.25), below-average (≤−0.25) and above-average (≥+0.25) HAZ. Results: HAZ performed well between 0 and 6 months, but less so between 3 and 24 months. The stunting prevalence peaked at 10.3% for boys and 7.8% for girls, at 24 months. By 24 months, girls had greater FMI (10%) than boys. There were significant differences in FFM (both sexes in all countries) and FM (Brazilian boys, Pakistani and South African girls) by 24 months of age between infants with average, above-average, and below-average HAZ. Conclusion: In a multi-country sample representing more ideal maternal conditions, body composition was heterogeneous even among infants who exhibited ideal length. Having a mean HAZ close to the median of the WHO standard for length reduced FFM between-country heterogeneity but not FM, suggesting that other factors may influence adiposity.
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- 2024
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7. Imagine a healthy lifestyle for all: Early years nutrition and physical activity to prevent obesity
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Hills, Andrew P., primary
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- 2022
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8. Exercise: an integral and non-negotiable component of a healthy lifestyle
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Hills, Andrew P.
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- 2018
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9. Body composition from birth to 2 years
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Hills, Andrew P., Norris, Shane A., Byrne, Nuala M., Jayasinghe, Sisitha, Murphy-Alford, Alexia J., Loechl, Cornelia U., Ismail, Leila I. Cheikh, Kurpad, Anura V., Kuriyan, Rebecca, Nyati, Lukhanyo H., Santos, Ina S., Costa, Caroline S., Wickramasinghe, V. Pujitha, Lucas, M. Nishani, Slater, Christine, Yameen, Ayesha, and Ariff, Shabina
- Abstract
Providing all infants with the best start to life is a universal but challenging goal for the global community. Historically, the size and shape of infants, quantified by anthropometry and commencing with birthweight, has been the common yardstick for physical growth and development. Anthropometry has long been considered a proxy for nutritional status during infancy when, under ideal circumstances, changes in size and shape are most rapid. Developed from data collected in the Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS), WHO Child Growth Standards for healthy infants and children have been widely accepted and progressively adopted. In contrast, and somewhat surprisingly, much less is understood about the ‘quality’ of growth as reflected by body composition during infancy. Recent advances in body composition assessment, including the more widespread use of air displacement plethysmography (ADP) across the first months of life, have contributed to a progressive increase in our knowledge and understanding of growth and development. Along with stable isotope approaches, most commonly the deuterium dilution (DD) technique, the criterion measure of total body water (TBW), our ability to quantify lean and fat tissue using a two-compartment model, has been greatly enhanced. However, until now, global reference charts for the body composition of healthy infants have been lacking. This paper details some of the historical challenges associated with the assessment of body composition across the first two years of life, and references the logical next steps in growth assessments, including reference charts.
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- 2023
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10. Infant body composition at 6 and 24 months: what are the driving factors?
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Santos, Ina S., Costa, Caroline S., Hills, Andrew P., Ariff, Shabina, Wickramasinghe, V. Pujitha, Norris, Shane, Murphy-Alford, Alexia J., Slater, Christine, Lucas, Nishani, Nyati, Lukhanyo H., Kurpad, Anura V., Ahuja, Kiran D. K., and Kuriyan, Rebecca
- Abstract
Background/Objective: Available evidence on infant body composition is limited. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with body composition at 6 and 24 months. Subjects/Methods: Multicenter study with data from a 0 to 6-mo cohort (Australia, India and South Africa) and a 3 to 24-mo cohort (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka). For the 0–6-mo cohort, body composition was assessed by air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) and for the 3–24-month cohort by the deuterium dilution (DD) technique. Fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), FM index (FMI), and FFM index (FFMI) were calculated. Independent variables comprised the Gini index of the country, maternal and infant characteristics, and breastfeeding pattern at 3 months. For the 3–24-mo cohort, breastfeeding, and minimum dietary diversity (MDD) at 12 months were also included. Crude and adjusted analyses stratified by sex were conducted by multilevel modelling using mixed models. Results: At 6 months, every 1 kg increase in birth weight was associated with an increase of 0.716 kg in FFM and 0.582 kg/m
2 in FFMI in girls, whereas in boys, the increase was of 0.277 kg in FFM. At 24 months, compared to those weaned before 12 months, girls still breastfed at 12 months presented a decrease of 0.225 kg in FM, 0.645 kg in FFM and 0.459 kg/m2 in FFMI, and in boys the decreases were of 0.467 kg in FM, 0.603 kg in FFM and 0.628 kg/m2 in FFMI. Conclusion: Birth weight and breastfeeding are independent predictors of body composition in early life, irrespective of sex.- Published
- 2023
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11. Anthropometry-based prediction of body fat in infants from birth to 6 months: the Baby-bod study
- Author
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Jayasinghe, Sisitha, primary, Herath, Manoja P., additional, Beckett, Jeffrey M., additional, Ahuja, Kiran D. K., additional, Byrne, Nuala M., additional, and Hills, Andrew P., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The range of non-traditional anthropometric parameters to define obesity and obesity-related disease in children: a systematic review
- Author
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Ranasinghe, Priyanga, primary, Jayawardena, Ranil, additional, Gamage, Nishadi, additional, Pujitha Wickramasinghe, V., additional, and Hills, Andrew P., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Correction: Infant body composition at 6 and 24 months: what are the driving factors?
- Author
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Santos, Ina S., Costa, Caroline S., Hills, Andrew P., Ariff, Shabina, Wickramasinghe, V. Pujitha, Norris, Shane, Murphy-Alford, Alexia J., Slater, Christine, Lucas, Nishani, Nyati, Lukhanyo H., Kurpad, Anura V., Ahuja, Kiran D. K., and Kuriyan, Rebecca
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Body composition of infants at 6 months of age using a 3-compartment model.
- Author
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Kuriyan R, Hills AP, Murphy-Alford A, Padmanabha R, Nyati LH, Byrne NM, Kurpad AV, and Norris S
- Abstract
Background/objectives: Two compartment (2 C) models of body composition, including Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) and Deuterium Dilution (DD), assume constant composition of fat-free mass (FFM), while 3-compartment (3 C) model overcomes some of these assumptions; studies are limited in infants. The objective of the present study is to compare 3 C estimates of body composition in 6-mo. old infants from Australia, India, and South Africa, including FFM density and hydration, compare with published literature and to evaluate agreement of body composition estimates from ADP and DD., Methods: Body volume and water were measured in 176 healthy infants using ADP and DD. 3C-model estimates of fat mass (FM), FFM and its composition were calculated, compared between countries (age and sex adjusted) and with published literature. Agreement between estimates from ADP and DD were compared by Bland-Altman and correlation analyses., Results: South African infants had significantly higher % FM (11.5%) and density of FFM compared to Australian infants. Australian infants had significantly higher % FFM (74.7 ± 4.4%) compared to South African infants (71.4 ± 5.0) and higher FFMI (12.7 ± 0.8 kg/m
2 ) compared to South African (12.3 ± 1.2 kg/m2 ) and Indian infants (11.9 ± 1.0 kg/m2 ). FFM composition of present study differed significantly from literature. Pooled three country estimates of FM and FFM were comparable between ADP and DD; mean difference of -0.05 (95% CI: -0.64, +0.55) kg and +0.05 (95% CI: -0.55, +0.64) kg., Conclusions: 3C-model estimates of body composition in infants differed between countries; future studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate causes for the differences., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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