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Lavandula angustifolia is an important aromatic plant and rich source of linalool. L. angustifolia and its bioactive compounds have been reported to possess several bioactivities such as antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial and antidiabetic etc. The aim of the present study is to characterize chemical compounds present in volatile oil and ethyl acetate extract of L. angustifolia aerial parts by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The hydrodistillation of aerial parts of L. angustifolia yielded 1.56±0.27% v/w volatile oil. The GC-MS analysis of volatile oil of L. angustifolia yielded 74 chemical compounds, and lavandulyl isobutyrate (52.61%), and linalool (5.41%) were identified as major compounds. Ultrasonication was utilized for extraction of L. angustifolia using ethyl acetate as solvent and extraction yield was found to be 3.59±0.73% w/w. The GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of L. angustifolia yielded 40 chemical compounds and the major compounds were dotriacontane (8.33%), linalool (7.09%), eucalyptol (6.42%), linalyl acetate (4.69%), 1,4-cineole (4.62%), and trans-linalool oxide (4.51%). The present study explores the chemical composition of volatile oil and ethyl acetate extract of L. angustifolia.

Health care workers, especially doctors and nurses who are in direct contact with COVID-19 patients are on high-risk professions despite wearing full protective equipment. This study aimed to assess the fear and emotional stress among Iraqi dentists from getting infected with COVID-19 and also their knowledge in preventing this disease. A cross-sectional study using an online survey questionnaire consisted of 22 questions was implemented using Google Forms. The study started after gaining the agreement of the authority. The questionnaire was put out on social media; well known Iraqi dentist’s Facebook groups, and through e-mail. The study covered all the governorates of Iraq. The data were processed using SPSS. The sample was 516 dentists (216 males, and 255 females) and 218 participants were graduates, 249 postgraduates, and 49 of them were students. Results showed that, dentists who were afraid of getting infected with COVID-19 were 82%. Iraqi dentists have knowledge about the Novel COVID19 and are afraid of getting infected. Iraqi dentists need modifications in their practice to protect themselves and their patients from this pandemic.

In this article we tried to demonstrate the effectiveness of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the pond wastewater purification of Moscow city treatment facilities. Nowadays the number of various reservoirs and rivers where the quality of water is estimated as unsatisfactory is catastrophically increasing. The greatest harm to the various sort of rivers and reservoirs bring drains as they get wastes of manufactures that causes pollution of rivers and reservoirs. Because of that reason, it is necessary to find out new technologies of clarification of water, as in the near future there will be problem with drinking water. Water hyacinth plant is one of the most effective method for solving of this problem.Application of water hyacinth allows to clarify, drains and reservoirs from organic and bacteriological pollution and also provides natural creation of very attractive landscape. The method provides not only a purification of biogenic waste, but also the possibility of using it as water after irrigation, and for other industrial purposes. The amount of products of petroleum, industrial oils, manure, phenol, sulfates, phosphates, synthetic surfactants, mineral salts, pathogens respectively decreased in pond wastewater after adding of water hyacinth plants (Eichhornia crassipes) in a week. Sewage water clarification by water hyacinth plants is cheaper. On the other hand water hyacinth is an invasive plant so this method should be used in ponds under control.