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Artisanal fishing is a socioeconomic activity that values the presence of the fisherman, and that underestimates the role of women. However, fisherwomen have a relevant role in different stages of the production chain, such as fishing, processing and commercialization of fish. This study characterizes the performance of women in artisanal fishing, as a way of identifying their main actions, based on a systematic review. The review was performed on the Science Direct platform, using four-word combinations. A time frame was not adopted in the research, so all articles found were included in the sample for applying the criteria and inclusion and exclusion, until the year 2020. A total of 52 articles were analyzed, with the highest publication rate for Brazil, India and Tanzania. The analysis of the abstracts identified five major classes of words, namely (i) Work and Income; (ii) Performance of women in fishing communities; (iii) Role of women in fisheries management; (iv) Fishing in mangroves and estuaries, and (v) Protected areas and artisanal fishing. Similarity analysis showed three main links, the first being about fisheries resources and communities, the second about women in artisanal fisheries, and the third about fisheries management. However, in view of the species described in the articles, the fisherwomen work in the production chain of 40 species, mainly from the phylum Mollusca with bivalves. Women fishermen have a wide participation in artisanal fishing; however, their performance is not always recognized, resulting in cases of invisibilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]