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This article analyzes the Peruvian presidencies of Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006), Alan Garcia (2006-2011) and Ollanta Humala (2011-2016), about the composition of their cabinets, the legislative production, and the stability of the parliamentary groups. The objective is to identify the balance between the Executive and Legislative powers at Peru on those last terms. In this sense, the low institutionalization of the party system and the increasing fragmentation of the Congress affected both power branches, but in different ways.The Congress obtained a greater capacity to determine the Executive in regard to its growing role as a legislating institution and the cabinet stability, a difference from the previous decades. We concluded that the institutional design of Peruvian presidentialism, as well as it party system, have empowered the Congress to the detriment of the Executive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]