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This paper reports on a study of territorial reconfiguration in the Cachapoal valley, along its riverside intercommunity route-Coinco, Olivar, Doñihue, Coltauco-in the central zone of Chile, regarding the process of modernizing and globalizing agriculture started in the second half of the 1970s. Population and agrarian censuses as well as the CASEN survey were analyzed. Conceptually, it proposes the concept of agro-territories, or agropolis, to designate the agrarian regions. It discerns this concept by comparing it with concepts of new rurality, rural urbanity and rural territories. The main result is the identification of a guideline for repopulation that is essentially agrourban, together with the progressive secondarization of agriculture. Likewise, it identifies a new formof the social question, this time centered not on poverty but on segregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has a double purpose. First, It is evaluated and conceptualized the changes in the mode of operation of the external constraint to growth in Argentina since 1976. It is concluded that the internationalization of the Argentine economy since 1976 and particularly since 1989 transformed the mode of operation of the external constraint and, as result, modifyied the dynamics of the expansive and recessive phases. Secondly, it is proposed to analyze the phase of stagnation and tendency towards the crisis that the Argentine economy has been going through since 2012 in the light of these transformations. It is aimed that the recessive dynamic is characterized by a context of global pressure to restructuring that sterilizes the adjustment mechanism without restructuring by means of devaluation and recession, characteristic of the recessive dynamics of the '50s and' 60s, and the attempts to disconnect between the national market and the world market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theories about the origins and development of globalization refer to an irreversible process of change that begins in the dynamics of modernity itself. Here, a specific code is established that is used to read historic time as well as the scope and redefinitions of current politics. The aim of the article is to analyze the relationships between politics and historic time in Ulrich Beck's Reflexive Modernization, as one of the main representatives of this theory, along with Anthony Giddens and Scott Lash. To do this, the paper raises questions about the existence or non-existence of certain elements from a matrix belonging to a nineteenth-century philosophy of history in his theory and the way it affects his concept of sub-politics. The paper's preliminary results recognize, in Beck's concept of the politization of everyday life, two opposite movements: the de-historization of politics and the de-politization of the economic sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the present day globalization context there are three Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in which the labor issues forma part of the Labor Cooperation Agreement (LCA), accompanied by a text that contains "labor principles" : the FTA of North America with its ACLAN, the Canada-Chile FTA with its ACLCC, and the FTA of Canada and Costa Rica with its ACLCCR. There are also two FTAs in which no labor agreement is incorporated: the United States and Chile (FTAEUCHI), and the USA, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Dominican Republic (FTAEUACARD). In this paper the purposes, principles and labor agreements in these FTA and LCA were analyzed, interrelating them with the principles and norms of the ITO and the labor principles adopted by the UN and the OAS. In the conclusions certain considerations related to the impact of these contents in labor relations were formulated. The paper does not refer to globalization as such, or to the non-labor contents of the FTAs. It likewise did not examine constitutional contents, or solutions to controversies, nor the application of sanctions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dependency theories are considered as one of the best intellectual attempts produced by the Latin American critical thought. This agenda, that stresses the external and political factors to explain the subordinated position of the peripheral economies in the international division of work, notwithstanding its centrality for the theoretical maturity of the continent, was abandoned in spite of the emergency of phenomenon that actualized its postulates, such as: globalization, economic reprimarization and neoliberalism. This paper takes one of the most developed dimensions of the dependency theory: the politic, to explain its rise, fall and eventual resurrection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper situates the recent history of the globalization process and its principal facts, as well as some of its impacts on Latin America and the Andean sub-region. The study also presents initiatives or alternatives for confronting social and economic exclusion, which have arisen after various crises: solidary economy, popular economy and fair trade; the latter is the principal objective of this debate, restricting the discussion to alternatives for commercialization. Then, some concepts about networks, proximity markets and network markets are described. Finally, the Latin American Network for Community Commercialization (Red Latinoamericana de Comercialización Comunitaria - RELACC) is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper defends the necessity to propitiate a change in the teaching and researching practices of the Sociology, acquiring a global perspective in the study of the society. First, it is examined the way in which Sociology was born, in the socio-political context of the modernity, what determined the implicit assumption of the methodological nationalism as epistemological background. Second, it is shown how at the present time, globalization is propitiating the emergence of transnationals phenomena and problems that drain the validity of the methodological nationalism as epistemological background of the Sociology. The distortions and bias produced by the lack of conscience of the exhaustion of the methodological nationalism are shown with some comments about the phenomena of transnational migrations and global inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the transition between the public traditional urban square, and shopping malls, but also proposes an interpretive hypothesis on the relationship between young citizens and the new commercial spaces of the globalization era. The research is based on interviews made of young visitors to Maracaibo. Venezuela malls, and their behavior is discussed from a semi-anthropological point of view, in order to interpret the symbolic values and rituals associated with them. Herein are also analyzed the different groups of young people that used to visit the malls as part of a distinctive identity derived not only from shared values but also from the use of a common space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the transition between the public traditional urban square, and shopping malls, but also proposes an interpretive hypothesis on the relationship between young citizens and the new commercial spaces of the globalization era. The research is based on interviews made of young visitors to Maracaibo, Venezuela malls, and their behavior is discussed from a semi-anthropological point of view, in order to interpret the symbolic values and rituals associated with them. Herein are also analyzed the different groups of young people that used to visit the malls as part of a distinctive identity derived not only from shared values but also from the use of a common space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyses the of re-adaptation of public television channels to the third generation in audiovisual media, in a context of globalization and world-ification of culture. Several studies agree that the function of the public television should be to guarantee a space for the public interest in general. In this sense public television would be a space where alternative contents not selected by the markets would have a space. This paper analyses the changes that have occurred in public TV in Uruguay over the last few years, comparing the differences between the municipal channel (cable) in Montevideo city (TV Ciudad) and the national public channel (Channel 5). In particular, the Installation of municipal cable TV (City TV) is analyzed as a channel which is developing a massive diffusion of local culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to relate the transformations that have occurred in late modernity and their effects on everyday culture to the globalization context, starting with the contributions of Gidden, Beck and Bauman's interpretative sociology. From a critical and hermeneutic perspective, the most relevant psycho-social processes are analyzed in relation with the configuration of new subjectivity projects and life policies. Furthermore, in the framework of studies as to collective action, new global movements are analysed and considered as to their contribution to new emerging types of social agents and social power in present day democracies, as an answer to and an expression of new cultural maladies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present a set of theoretical approximations as to political administrative decentralization in Venezuela, in relation to the processes of incorporating social organizations in the affairs of public administration. Decentralization is situated within the technical parameters established by administrative modernization and has been the pattern in Latin America since the end of the 1970s, due to pressures for economic model changes. This brought about change in the process of economic accumulation, and changes in accumulation when the economies of import substitution were displaced by the implantation of models for the internationalization of markets. These changes bring about "needs", the dramatic change both in the development model and the administrative models in Venezuela, that is changes in the centralized poplistic bureaucratic administration towards a model of decentralized public management, a model that requires the incorporation of organized communities in the process of the decentralization of competence. This has produced a new arrangement in the objectives of efficiency in order to achieve involvement of human collectives in the execution of plans and co-opted programs. This situation is more observable in the decentralization of competence associated with social development (health, education and others,) and not in competence associated with the economy, such as airports, shipping ports and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is aimed at analyzing the existing relationships between civil society and the emergence of new forms of governability in Latin America in an environment of economic globalization. Under the theoretical framework of collective action theory, the actions of new social movements and their relations to networking structures in civil society are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global integration has advanced in a vertiginous way, but in an unequal and unbalanced manner, affecting regions, countries, enterprise and individuals within the scenario of winners and losers, concentrating power and marginalizing the poor. This paper utilizes certain Latin American and Mexican socio-economic indicators in order to demonstrate the contradictions generated by the present development model, the consequences of which are reflected in the serious proportions that poverty and inequality have acquired in these countries. More than just a description, we propose a reflection on the challenges to be faced in order to reach this long awaited development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]