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Start Over Descriptor "Climate assessment" Journal ergonomics
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1. Metabolic rate and clothing insulation data of children and adolescents during various school activities.

Author

Havenith, G.

Subjects
ENERGY metabolism, CALORIC expenditure, CHILDREN, SCHOOL buildings, SCHOOL children's clothing, SCHOOL environment, PHYSICAL education for children, HEAT balance (Engineering), THERMODYNAMICS
Abstract

Data on metabolic rates (n = 81) and clothing insulation (n = 96) of school children and adolescents (A, primary school: age 9-10; B, primary school: age 10-11 year; C, junior vocational (technical) education: age 13-16 (lower level); D, same as C but at advanced level; and E, senior vocational (technical) education, advanced level: age 16-18) were collected (Diaferometer, Oxylog, Heart Rate derivation) during theory-, practical- and physical education- lessons. Clothing insulation was calculated from clothing weight, covered body surface area, and the number of clothing layers worn. Clothing insulation was found to be similar to that expected for adults in the same (winter) season, with minimal variation with age or school type (0.9 to 1.0 clo; 1.38 clo where coverall was worn), but more variation within groups (coefficient of variation 6-12%). Metabolic rate values (W.m-2) were lower than expected from adult data for similar activities, but are supported by other child data. The results of this study can be used to establish design criteria for school climate control systems or as general data on energy expenditure for children and adolescents. The results emphasize the need for specific child data and show the limited value of size-corrected adult data for use in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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2. Metabolic rate and clothing insulation data of children and adolescents during various school activities

Author

George Havenith and TNO Defensie en Veiligheid

Subjects
Climate control, Adolescent, education, Heart rate, Human engineering, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Metabolic rate, Motor Activity, Physical education, Clothing, Oxygen Consumption, Protective Clothing, Climate change, Humans, Child, Students, Protective clothing, Children, Simulation, Netherlands, School Health Services, School, clothing insulation, Anthropometry, business.industry, Physical activity, Clothing insulation, Human factors and ergonomics, Environment, Controlled, Oxygen uptake, Metabolism, Vocational education, Basal metabolic rate, Energy expenditure, Ergonomics, Basal Metabolism, Seasons, Psychology, business, Energy Metabolism, Climate assessment, Demography
Abstract

Data on metabolic rates (n = 0;81) and clothing insulation (n = 96) of school children and adolescents (A, primary school: age 9-10; B, primary school: age 10-11 year; C, junior vocational (technical) education: age 13-16 (lower level); D, same as C but at advanced level; and E, senior vocational (technical) education, advanced level: age 16-18) were collected (Diaferometer, Oxylog, Heart Rate derivation) during theory-, practical- and physical education- lessons. Clothing insulation was calculated from clothing weight, covered body surface area, and the number of clothing layers worn. Clothing insulation was found to be similar to that expected for adults in the same (winter) season, with minimal variation with age or school type (0.9 to 1.0 clo; 1.38 clo where coverall was worn), but more variation within groups (coefficient of variation 6-12%). Metabolic rate values (W.m-2) were lower than expected from adult data for similar activities, but are supported by other child data. The results of this study can be used to establish design criteria for school climate control systems or as general data on energy expenditure for children and adolescents. The results emphasize the need for specific child data and show the limited value of size-corrected adult data for use in children.

Published
2007

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