1. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) international consensus document on how to prevent, diagnose, and treat cardiac implantable electronic device infections—endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS), International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) and the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)
- Author
-
Blomstrom-Lundqvist, C., Traykov, V., Erba, P. A., Burri, H., Nielsen, J. C., Bongiorni, M. G., Poole, J., Boriani, G., Costa, R., Deharo, J. -C., Epstein, L. M., Saghy, L., Snygg-Martin, U., Starck, C., Tascini, C., Strathmore, N., Kalarus, Z., Boveda, S., Dagres, N., Rinaldi, C. A., Biffi, M., Geller, L., Sokal, A., Birgersdotter-Green, U., Lever, N., Tajstra, M., Kutarski, A., Rodriguez, D. A., Hasse, B., Zinkernagel, A., Mangoni, E., Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Tokuda Hospital Sofia, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Aarhus University Hospital, Biorobotics Lab (University of Washington), University of Washington [Seattle], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Universidade Paulista [São Paulo] (UNIP), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Cardiologie [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hofstra University [Hempstead], University of Szeged [Szeged], Department of Image Processing and Computer Graphics [Univ Szeged], University of Gothenburg (GU), West German Heart Center, Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], University Parthenope of Naples, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Clinical sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), Blomstrom-Lundqvist, C, Traykov, V, Erba, P, Burri, H, Nielsen, J, Bongiorni, M, Poole, J, Boriani, G, Costa, R, Deharo, J, Epstein, L, Saghy, L, Snygg-Martin, U, Starck, C, Tascini, C, Strathmore, N, Kalarus, Z, Boveda, S, Dagres, N, Rinaldi, C, Biffi, M, Geller, L, Sokal, A, Birgersdotter-Green, U, Lever, N, Tajstra, M, Kutarski, A, Rodriguez, D, Hasse, B, Zinkernagel, A, and Mangoni, E
- Subjects
Leads ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Extraction ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,law.invention ,Defibrillator ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Health care ,Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems ,Endocarditi ,03.02. Klinikai orvostan ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Antibiotic prophylaxis ,Cardiac resynchronization therapy ,Device ,Pacemaker ,Infection ,Kardiologi ,Re-implantation ,Endocarditis ,Latin America/epidemiology ,Cardiac implantable electronic device ,TRANSVENOUS LEAD EXTRACTION ,Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects ,Thoracic Surgery ,General Medicine ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS BACTEREMIA ,F-18-FDG PET/CT ,Defibrillators, Implantable ,SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE ,3. Good health ,Cardiac implantable electronic devices ,EHRA consensus document ,Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators ,Microbiology ,Pacemakers ,Cardiothoracic surgery ,Risk assessment ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,EHRA Position Paper ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asia ,Consensus ,PERMANENT PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION ,CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR IMPLANTATION ,Infections ,Communicable Diseases ,Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ,03 medical and health sciences ,LONG-TERM COMPLICATIONS ,ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Infections/diagnosis ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,SURGICAL-SITE ,business.industry ,Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices ,Latin America ,Lead ,RISK-FACTORS ,Artificial cardiac pacemaker ,Surgery ,Electronics ,Implantable cardioverterdefibrillators ,business ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology - Abstract
Pacemakers, implantable cardiac defibrillators, and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices are potentially life-saving treatments for a number of cardiac conditions, but are not without risk. Most concerning is the risk of a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection, which is associated with significant morbidity, increased hospitalizations, reduced survival, and increased healthcare costs. Recommended preventive strategies such as administration of intravenous antibiotics before implantation are well recognized. Uncertainties have remained about the role of various preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures such as skin antiseptics, pocket antibiotic solutions, anti-bacterial envelopes, prolonged antibiotics post-implantation, and others. Guidance on whether to use novel device alternatives expected to be less prone to infections and novel oral anticoagulants is also limited, as are definitions on minimum quality requirements for centres and operators and volumes. Moreover, an international consensus document on management of CIED infections is lacking. The recognition of these issues, the dissemination of results from important randomized trials focusing on prevention of CIED infections, and observed divergences in managing device-related infections as found in an European Heart Rhythm Association worldwide survey, provided a strong incentive for a 2019 International State-of-the-art Consensus document on risk assessment, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CIED infections. This article is simultaneously published also in Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. (https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezz296) and European Heart Journal (https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa010). Minor differences in style may appear in each publication, but the article is substantially the same in each journal.
- Published
- 2019