1. Leaching and degradation of S-Metolachlor in undisturbed soil cores amended with organic wastes
- Author
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Valentin Serre, Line Capowiez, Mélanie Montes, Jeanne Dollinger, Ghislaine Deslarue, Nathalie Bernet, Valérie Pot, Eric Michel, Marjolaine Bourdat-Deschamps, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Recyclage et risque (UPR Recyclage et risque), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The study was funded by the French Agency for Research (ANR) in the framework of the DIGESTATE project, grant number ANR-15-CE34-0003-01.Document Information, and ANR-15-CE34-0003,DIGESTATE,Diagnostic des traitements des déchets et comportement des contaminants dans l'environnement(2015)
- Subjects
Swine ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Digestate ,010501 environmental sciences ,Dégradation chimique ,01 natural sciences ,Degradation ,Soil ,Dissolved organic carbon ,Acetamides ,Soil Pollutants ,Leaching (agriculture) ,Sewage sludge ,2. Zero hunger ,Métolachlore ,Compost ,Lessivage du sol ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Persistance des pesticides ,Déchet organique ,Pollution ,6. Clean water ,Environmental chemistry ,Analyse de sol ,Herbicide ,P02 - Pollution ,P33 - Chimie et physique du sol ,Amendment ,engineering.material ,[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study ,complex mixtures ,Fertilisation ,Chimie du sol ,Environmental Chemistry ,Animals ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Expérimentation au champ ,fungi ,Biodegradable waste ,Soil carbon ,15. Life on land ,Carbon ,13. Climate action ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,engineering ,Leaching ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Sludge ,F04 - Fertilisation - Abstract
International audience; Organic waste (OW) reuse in agriculture is a common practice fostered by benefits in terms of waste recycling and crop production. However, OW amendments potentially affect the fate of pesticide spread on fields to protect the crops from pests and weeds. The influence of OW on the sorption, degradation, and leaching of pesticides is generally studied for each mechanism separately under artificial laboratory conditions. Our study aims at evaluating the balance of these mechanisms under more realistic conditions to clarify the influence of three common OW amendments on the fate, in soil, of the widely used herbicide S-Metolachlor. We performed leaching experiments in large undisturbed soil cores amended with raw sewage sludge, composted sludge, and digested pig slurry (digestate), respectively. We monitored S-Metolachlor and its two main metabolites MET-OA and MET-ESA in the leachates during a succession of 10 rainfall events over 126 days. We also quantified the remaining S-Metolachlor and metabolites in the soil at the end of the experiments. S-Metolachlor leaching didn't exceed 0.1% of the applied dose with or without OW amendment. Despite a soil organic carbon increase of 3 to 32%, OW amendments did not significantly affect the amount of S-Metolachlor that leached through the soil (0.01 to 0.1%) nor its transformation rate (6.0 to 8.6%). However, it affected the degradation pathways with an increase of MET-OA relative to MET-ESA formed after OW amendment (28 to 54%) compared to the controls (8%). Concentration of S- Metolachlor and metabolites in the leachates of all treatments greatly exceeded the regulatory limit for groundwater intended for human consumption in Europe. These high concentrations were probably the consequence of preferential macropore flow. Colloids had comparable levels in the leachates after S-Metolachlor application. Dissolved organic carbon was also comparable in the controls, digestate, and sludge treatments but was 65% higher in the compost-amended cores. These results, along with a great variability among replicates inherent to experiments performed under realistic conditions, partly explain the limited impact of OW on the transport of S-Metolachlor.
- Published
- 2021
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