1. Forests under climate change and air pollution: gaps in understanding and future directions for research
- Author
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Rainer Matyssek, Elena Paoletti, Andrew Weatherall, Carlo Calfapietra, Gerhard Wieser, Pierre Dizengremel, D. Le Thiec, W. de Vries, Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Yves Jolivet, Godefridus M. J. Mohren, Dieter Ernst, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Dept Alpine Timberline Ecophysiol, Federal Office and Research Centre for Forests, Natl Res Council, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol, Environm Syst Anal Grp, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Inst Biochem Plant Pathol, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Biosystems Division [Roskilde], Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)-Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group [Wageningen], Centre for Ecosystem Studies [Wageningen], Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR)-Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Natl Sch Forestry, Univ Cumbria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), EU Commission, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), and Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR)-Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR)
- Subjects
Forest ecosystems ,Process-based multi-scale approaches ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Air pollution ,010501 environmental sciences ,Carbon sequestration ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Trees ,BEECH FAGUS-SYLVATICA ,co2 and/or o-3 ,11. Sustainability ,beech fagus-sylvatica ,Wageningen Environmental Research ,elevated co2 ,Supersites ,Ecology ,SS - Soil Chemistry and Nature ,Environmental resource management ,CB - Bodemchemie en Natuur ,General Medicine ,ozone risk-assessment ,PE&RC ,Pollution ,nitrogen deposition ,LAND-CARBON SINK ,CO2 AND/OR O-3 ,OZONE RISK-ASSESSMENT ,Knowledge transfer ,Environmental Monitoring ,Empirical research ,Climate Change ,Climate change ,trace-gas-exchange ,VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS ,Modelling ,surface ozone ,Air Pollution ,Forest ecology ,medicine ,Bosecologie en Bosbeheer ,Ecosystem ,TRACE-GAS-EXCHANGE ,Air quality index ,Environmental quality ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,NITROGEN DEPOSITION ,business.industry ,Research ,land-carbon sink ,15. Life on land ,volatile organic-compounds ,Forest Ecology and Forest Management ,13. Climate action ,TEMPERATE FORESTS ,Environmental science ,temperate forests ,SURFACE OZONE ,business ,ELEVATED CO2 - Abstract
Forests in Europe face significant changes in climate, which in interaction with air quality changes, may significantly affect forest productivity, stand composition and carbon sequestration in both vegetation and soils. Identified knowledge gaps and research needs include: (i) interaction between changes in air quality (trace gas concentrations), climate and other site factors on forest ecosystem response, (ii) significance of biotic processes in system response, (iii) tools for mechanistic and diagnostic understanding and upscaling, and (iv) the need for unifying modelling and empirical research for synthesis. This position paper highlights the above focuses, including the global dimension of air pollution as part of climate change and the need for knowledge transfer to enable reliable risk assessment. A new type of research site in forest ecosystems (“supersites”) will be conducive to addressing these gaps by enabling integration of experimentation and modelling within the soil-plant-atmosphere interface, as well as further model development.
- Published
- 2011
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