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Your search keyword '"Baseline study"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Descriptor "Baseline study" Journal environment international
3 results on '"Baseline study"'

1. Literature review of baseline study for risk analysis — The landfill leachate case.

Author

Butt, T.E., Gouda, H.M., Baloch, M.I., Paul, P., Javadi, A.A., and Alam, A.

Subjects
*RISK assessment, *LEACHATE, *LANDFILL gases, *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis, *WASTE management, *HAZARDOUS wastes, MEDICAL literature reviews
Abstract

Abstract: There is growing awareness and public concern about environmental impacts of waste management and disposal. Environmental policy instruments have been strengthened and associated governmental programmes have increased in recent years, resulting in high level strategies for waste management. Risk assessment is now an essential tool in the prioritisation of environmental and human health protection. However, regulators need to compare the full range of risks on a sound and consistent basis. Comparing risks from such diverse sources poses a significant challenge, and traditional hazard and risk assessments are no longer sufficient. Consideration now needs to be given to a much wider range of factors if risk assessment is to be used as an aid to more integrated decision-making process. For this purpose, baseline study – the foundation of risk assessment – can play a crucial role. To date limited research has been conducted on the need, parameters, requirements, and constituents of baseline study particularly in the context of how, why, and what information is to be collated in order to render risk assessments more appropriately integrated and complete. To establish the ‘state-of-the-art’ of baseline study, this paper comprehensively reviews the literature regarding environmental risk assessment in general terms, and then proceeds to review work that is specifically related to landfills and landfill leachate, thereby identifying knowledge gaps and shortfall areas. This review concludes that a holistic baseline study procedure for waste disposal sites, which risk assessors could use for carrying out risk analyses specifically for landfill leachate, does not as yet exist. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2014
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2. A PBPK model to estimate PCDD/F levels in adipose tissue: Comparison with experimental values of residents near a hazardous waste incinerator

Author

José L. Domingo, Martí Nadal, Francesc Fàbrega, Vikas Kumar, Francisco García, Marta Schuhmacher, Enginyeria Química, Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, and Universitat Rovira i Virgili.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Hazardous Waste, Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling, Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Adipose tissue, Incineration, Breast milk, Models, Biological, Animal science, Humans, Pharmacokinetics, lcsh:Environmental sciences, Aged, Benzofurans, General Environmental Science, lcsh:GE1-350, Air Pollutants, Baseline study, Milk, Human, Chemistry, Dietary intake, Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated, Middle Aged, Adipose Tissue, Internal dose, Environmental chemistry, Female, Polychlorinated dibenzofurans
Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in 15 samples of adipose tissue from subjects who had been living in the vicinity of a hazardous waste incinerator (HWI). The results were compared with levels obtained in previous surveys carried out in 1998 (baseline study), 2002 and 2007. The current (2013) concentrations of PCDD/Fs in adipose tissue ranged from 2.8 to 46.3 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat (mean and median concentrations: 11.5 and 7.4 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat, respectively), being significantly lower (64%) than those observed in 1998. In contrast, no significant differences in the mean PCDD/F concentrations were noted in the period 2002–2013. The significant decrease of the PCDD/F content in fat, also noted in other biological monitors such as plasma and breast milk, is in agreement with the reduction in the dietary intake of PCDD/Fs found in the same area of study. Similarly to other investigations across Europe, an increase of PCDD/F levels in adipose tissue in relation to age was observed, while no significant differences were noted according to gender. A multicompartmental physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was also applied to estimate the levels of PCDD/Fs in adipose tissue. When comparing the modeled and experimental concentrations of PCDD/Fs in that tissue, very similar values were obtained for the four surveys, which indicates this can be a reliable tool to predict the internal dose of PCDD/Fs. Keywords: PCDD/Fs, Adipose tissue, Temporal trend, Hazardous waste incinerator, PBPK model

Published
2014

3. Water quality assessment of the Rio Conchos, Chihuahua, Mexico

Author

Mélida Gutiérrez and Patricia Borrego

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, Hydrology, Irrigation, Baseline study, virus diseases, Environmental science, Sampling (statistics), Water quality, lcsh:Environmental sciences, geographic locations, General Environmental Science
Abstract

A baseline study was conducted to evaluate the overall quality of the Rio Conchos (Chihuahua, Mexico) and to identify those chemical parameters that can best represent the water quality in different segments of the river. Chemical analyses included the measurement of 62 elements at more than 100 sampling stations along the river, in addition to conventional field analyses (e.g., pH, conductivity). Concentrations of these elements are reported and water quality indicators were identified. Based on the element concentration patterns, the segment of the river in which the water quality is most endangered corresponds to that receiving irrigation drain returns near the confluence of the Rio San Pedro. Self-cleaning and dilution processes account for the improvement in water quality observed as the Rio Conchos approaches the Rio Grande.

Published
1999
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