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The primary goal was to report our institutional experience of a rare, vision-threatening complication following craniomaxillofacial trauma. A retrospective review was performed between January 2016 and January 2018 to identify 3 patients with traumatic orbital subperiosteal hematoma (OSPH). Visual acuity, intraocular pressures (IOPs), and the need for surgical intervention were abstracted. The age range was 36 to 88 years. Indications for surgical intervention include relative afferent pupillary defect, gaze restriction, visual impairment, and elevated IOP. Preoperatively, IOP range was 15.0 to 25.0. Two patients required OSPH evacuation via a medial brow approach. Follow-up after ocular injury ranged from 25 to 41 days, with IOP range of 13.0 to 16.0. Traumatic OSPH is an uncommon clinical finding; prompt assessment with consideration of surgical intervention may mitigate deleterious long-term morbidity, chiefly sudden blindness. Further research efforts may elucidate the optimal method in the management of this complex clinical entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A patient with Rett syndrome presented to our Emergency Department with extensive subcutaneous emphysema in the cervical region, chest wall, upper extremities, and back. Diagnostic evaluation revealed a mucosal tear in the posterior pharyngeal wall and an abscessed retropharyngeal lymph node, but she had no known history of trauma to account for these findings. This report discusses the occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema in the context of a rare neurodevelopmental disorder and proposes accentuated aerophagia, a sequela of Rett syndrome, as the most likely underlying mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the use of four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) in preoperative localization of adenomatous parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Topics discussed include benefits provided by 4D-CT, comparison between adenomatous glands and normal parathyroid glands, and effort taken by several groups to decrease the risk of iatrogenic cancers associated with 4D-CT.

The author talks about the importance of journal impact factor (JIF) in the comparison and ranking of journals. Topics include the misuse of JIF which was devised in the early 1960s by Irving H. Sher and Eugene Garfield to aid in the selection of articles for the Science Citation Index, the concept of "first report" and the limitations of the calculations and use of the JIF from the quality of published material and the JIF's vulnerability to artificial inflation.

The article describes the case of a 67-year-old woman who has parathyroid adenoma and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SH). Topics covered include the difference between subtotal parathyroidectomy and total parathyroidectomy, the use of a midline approach in parathyroid exploration, and the causes of SH in patients with end-stage renal disease including vitamin D deficiency.

The article discusses a case study that shows the limitations of fine needle aspiration (FNA) on a 43-year-old female and the utility of excision for definitive diagnosis. The patient complained of dyspnea, odynophagia, and neck pain with immobile left anterior neck mass. FNA showed cells compatible with a carotid body tumor. Further discussion with the female suggested hyperparathyroidism.

The article presents a case study of a 34-year-old woman with a large right-sided neck mass and having a 19 weeks gestation. She underwent the ultrasonography which showed mass in the right side of the thyroid gland. She was taken to the surgery in which thyroid tumor was found, sharp dissection was done to free the visible tumor from nerve and lymph nodes of central compartment were removed. The article discusses the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in women in comparison to men.