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• An integration system with adaptive modification module for 1000 MW S-CO 2 Brayton cycle and coal-fired boiler is developed. • The effects of typical layout parameters on thermal-hydraulic performance are obtained. • A layout with the highest thermal-hydraulic performance is proposed. • Accurate engineering design of S-CO 2 coal-fired power plants can be realized based on the integration system. An integration system for 1000 MW S-CO 2 connected-top-bottom power cycle with overlap utilization and coal-fired boiler is developed. The adaptive modification module is introduced to eliminate the non-convergence for S-CO 2 superheater thermal calculation in the system iteration. Thermal-hydraulic performance in terms of thermal performance, cycle efficiency, heater configurations, heater areas and final parameter evenness are discussed. Firstly, the strong constraint effects of inlet and outlet parameters on superheater thermal calculation convergence are demonstrated and the adaptive modification module is established. Secondly, based on the detailed thermal-hydraulic analysis, different layouts are compared to identify the flow path way and the heat absorption of S-CO 2 flow in different heating processes. The midpoint between the two peaks of heat flux is recommended as the start point for the cold fluid placement in cooling wall arrangement. Finally, a new layout is proposed to obtain the highest overall thermal-hydraulic performance, with a net power efficiency up to 47.57% and a total heater area of 316426.18 m2. The design sequences for S-CO 2 coal-fired boiler heaters are recommended as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]