1. Evaluating the impact of off-design CHP performance on the optimal sizing and dispatch of hybrid renewable-CHP distributed energy resources.
- Author
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Hampel, Christopher A., Becker, William, Olis, Dan, and Braun, Robert J.
- Subjects
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POWER resources , *TRIGENERATION (Energy) , *COMMERCIAL building energy consumption , *GAS turbines , *INTERNAL combustion engines , *HYBRID systems , *NET present value - Abstract
The maturation of distributed energy resources (DER) has prompted the exploration of their deployment in commercial building applications due to their potential to supply energy at lower costs and emissions rates compared to centralized generation. While several software tools exist for evaluating the techno-economic potential of integrated renewable energy and combined heat and power (CHP) systems for distributed generation applications, many suffer from poor accuracy in capturing off-design (part load and changes in ambient air temperature and pressure) performance characteristics of microturbines, combustion turbines, or internal combustion engines. Thus, this paper presents a methodology for integrating these off-design characteristics in the mixed-integer linear program within REopt, a hybrid DER screening tool. The economic impact of the CHP off-design performance is observed through several application studies of various hybrid system configurations in different climates. Each study indicates how CHP off-design performance influences optimal sizing and dispatch decisions and therefore overall system economic value. We observe through case studies that modeling without the off-design effects, depending on the CHP prime mover and site, can result in Net Present Value predictions of hybrid systems that can be overoptimistic in frequently hot climates (up to 52 %), too conservative in frequently cold climates (up to 11 %), or unaffected (+/−1 %) in temperate climates. Cases also highlight several advantages of hybrid systems relative to non-hybrid systems such as total economic value and the systems' ability to mitigate potentially negative consequences attributed to off-design performance. • A methodology for off-design performance as a function of load and ambient conditions is presented. • Scenarios where different application climates affect optimal sizing and dispatch are provided. • Not including off-design CHP modeling can result in overly optimistic or conservative economics. • Higher economic values for hybrid systems compared to either renewable energy or CHP-only systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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