5 results
Search Results
2. Economic analysis of heat pump exploitation – A case study.
- Author
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Kijo-Kleczkowska, Agnieszka, Bruś, Paweł, and Więciorkowski, Grzegorz
- Subjects
- *
SINGLE family housing , *HEAT pumps , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *CONSTRUCTION loans , *ENERGY consumption , *TIME management , *OPERATING costs - Abstract
The main aim of the paper is the economic analysis and the assessment of the payback time of the heat pump cooperating with a photovoltaic installation in one of the single-family houses in Poland. The inhabitants consumed 11633 kWh of energy during the year. The heat pump consumed 64.23% of total energy used by inhabitants. The photovoltaic panels generated the electricity of 7728.9 kWh. Profitability of the investment was demonstrated based on analysis of its expenditure and operating costs. The payback time of a heat pump including various financing sources, such as: 100% of one's own contribution, loan for the installation of device using renewable energy sources, the subsidy "My Electricity" and the thermo-modernization allowance was analyzed. The analysis showed that the shortest payback time for this investment using "One's own contribution + subsidy My Electricity + thermo modernization relief" is 11 years and 6 months. • The inhabitants consumed 11633 kWh of energy during the year. • The photovoltaic panels generated the electricity of 7728.9 kWh. • The heat pump consumed 64.2% of total energy using by inhabitants. • The shortest playback time for the considered investment is 11 years and 6 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The impact of the long-term EU target for renewables on the structure of electricity production in Poland.
- Author
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Gawlik, Lidia, Szurlej, Adam, and Wyrwa, Artur
- Subjects
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ENERGY consumption , *BINDING energy , *EMISSIONS trading , *CARBON dioxide reduction , *ELECTRIC power production , *ENERGY policy - Abstract
This paper outlines the results of various scenarios for optimizing Poland's future energy system up to 2050. The objective of the study was to demonstrate through the use of models how the level of binding targets for the share of renewable energy (RES) in final energy consumption would impact the evolution of the Polish energy sector. The differences in the compared scenarios consist of the level of RES (renewable energy sources) targets while assuming the same ETS (emissions trading system) CO 2 reduction pathways. These scenarios of differing RES targets are compared with other ones where the level of RES obligatory for 2020 has not been increased in the 2020–2050 period. The lack of increasing RES targets applies no preference for any particular technology, and the resulting energy mix is cost-optimal. Potential variations in the energy mix are shown, addressing the fuel and technological structure of electricity production. The analysis presents the costs of electricity generation in the examined scenarios and the level of capital expenditures for the development of new capacities. It examines how RES technologies may develop in Poland with and without the national RES targets after 2020, and the consequences for coal as well as the development of clean coal technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A multi-scale integrated analysis of the energy use in Romania, Bulgaria, Poland and Hungary
- Author
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Iorgulescu, Raluca I. and Polimeni, John M.
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY consumption , *ECONOMIC indicators , *LABOR productivity , *GROSS domestic product , *TRANSITION economies , *ENERGY policy - Abstract
This paper discusses energy use in the case of four countries, Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, and Romania, which changed the economic system from command economy to open-market. The analysis provided uses the multi-scale integrated analysis of societal metabolism (MSIASM) approach and contrasts it with the use of the traditional indicators approach (GDP growth rates and energy intensity). These traditional indicators have been widely criticized for being inadequate reflections of how energy policies work. Furthermore, the one-size-fits-all policies that result from analyzing these indicators are inaccurate, particularly for transitional economies. The alternative indicators, economic labor productivity, saturation index of human activity, and exosomatic metabolic rates are used to investigate the four case studies considering the complexity of the transition process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Energy consumption and heating costs for a detached house over a 12-year period – Renewable fuels versus fossil fuels.
- Author
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Stolarski, Mariusz Jerzy, Warmiński, Kazimierz, Krzyżaniak, Michał, Olba–Zięty, Ewelina, and Stachowicz, Paweł
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY consumption , *HEAT , *BIOMASS burning , *HOUSING , *OPERATING costs , *WOOD pellets , *FOSSIL fuels - Abstract
Currently, 57.4% of the European Union (EU-28) population live in houses which usually need separate boilers to generate thermal energy. The research presented in this paper pertained to a detached house in the north-east of Poland, in which thermal energy was generated over 12 consecutive years by burning wood briquettes. This study analysed the quality and quantity of wood briquettes, energy consumption and cost of thermal energy generation for the house with the use of an automatic biomass burning unit, compared with other types of fuels. The annual consumption of briquette energy was 124.5 GJ year−1. The average annual cost of thermal energy generation for a house was 739 € year−1. When the cost of the boiler purchase and its service and fuel purchase costs were taken into account, the 12-year operating cost for a briquette-fired boiler was found to be similar to the operation cost for a coal-fired boiler and higher by 21% compared to willow chips-fired boiler. The operation of a boiler fired with other fuels, like pellets, natural gas or heating oil during the same period was more expensive by 39%, 46% and 157%, respectively. • Wood briquette can be successfully used in automatic boilers for as long as 12 years. • The average consumption of briquettes for thermal energy generation was 7 Mg year−1. • Average heat energy consumption per 1 m2 of the house area was 0.45 GJ. • 12 year operating cost for a briquette boiler was similar to the cost for a coal. • The operation cost for a pellets, gas and oil boiler was expensive by 39, 46, 157%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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