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To better understand the mass transfer behaviors in CaC2 production from CaO and coke, this paper studies the diffusion behaviors of CaO and graphite, with or without ash, at 1500 and 1700 °C. CaO and graphite are pressed into tablets and heated alone or in close contact. Physical and chemical changes in these tablets are analyzed by XRD and SEM+EDX. In some experiments, thin Mo wires are placed between the closely contacted CaO and graphite tablets to identify the diffusion direction. It is found that the diffusion between CaO and low-ash graphite is very limited. SiO2 in a high-ash graphite diffuses into CaO tablet and reacts with CaO to form Ca2SiO4, which then diffuses into the graphite tablet easily and leads to CaC2 formation at 1700 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]