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32 results on '"Thwaites A"'

1. Emerging Monkeypox Virus Sublineage C.1 Causing Community Transmission, Vietnam, 2023

Author

Huynh Thi Thuy Hoa, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Le Manh Hung, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Vo Truong Quy, Nguyen Thi Thao, Nguyen Trong Duy, Hoang Truong, Tran Minh Hoang, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Mai Pham Hong Phuoc, Truong Ngoc Trung, Nguyen Nhut Thong, Nguyen Duc Huy, Vu Thi Kim Thoa, Vo Trong Vuong, Ngo Tan Tai, Huynh Kim Nhung, Dao Phuong Linh, Pham Thi Ngoc Thoa, Lam Minh Yen, Tran Ba Thien, Truong Hoang Chau Truc, Le Kim Thanh, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Vo Tan Hoang, Nghiem My Ngoc, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Louise Thwaites, Tran Tan Thanh, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen To Anh, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
viruses, mpox, monkeypox virus, sexually transmitted infections, sublinear C1, HIV co-infection, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We studied a community cluster of 25 mpox cases in Vietnam caused by emerging monkeypox virus sublineage C.1 and imported into Vietnam through 2 independent events; 1 major cluster carried a novel APOBEC3-like mutation. Three patients died; all had advanced HIV co-infection. Viral evolution and its potential consequences should be closely monitored.

Published
2024
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2. Spatial Analysis of Drug-Susceptible and Multidrug-Resistant Cases of Tuberculosis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2020-2023

Author

Spies, Ruan, Hong, Hanh N., Trieu, Phu P., Lan, Luong K., Lan, Kim, Hue, N.N., Huong, Nguyen T.L., Thao, Tran T.L.N., Quang, Nguyen L., Anh, Thu D.D., Vinh, Truong V., Ha, Dang T.M., Dat, Phan T., Hai, Nguyen P., Van, Le H., Thwaites, Guy E., Thuong, Nguyen T.T., Watson, James A., and Walker, Timothy M.

Subjects
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam -- Health aspects, Tuberculosis -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- Distribution -- Demographic aspects, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) causes more deaths worldwide than any other infectious disease. Progress in reducing the global burden of TB stalled during the COVID-19 pandemic; an estimated 10.6 million persons became [...]

Published
2024
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3. Emerging Enterovirus A71 Subgenogroup B5 Causing Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease, Vietnam, 2023

Author

Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Tang Chi Thuong, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Du Tuan Quy, Tran Ba Thien, Cao Minh Hiep, Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh, Truong Huu Khanh, Do Duong Kim Han, Truong Hoang Chau Truc, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Le Kim Thanh, Lam Anh Nguyet, Cao Thu Thuy, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Pham Van Quang, Phung Nguyen The Nguyen, Phan Tu Qui, H. Rogier van Doorn, C. Louise Thwaites, Tran Tan Thanh, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen To Anh, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
enteroviruses, enterovirus A71, subgenogroup B5, hand foot and mouth disease, outbreaks, emerging infections, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We report on a 2023 outbreak of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease in southern Vietnam caused by an emerging lineage of enterovirus A71 subgenogroup B5. Affected children were significantly older than those reported during previous outbreaks. The virus should be closely monitored to assess its potential for global dispersal.

Published
2024
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4. Spatial Analysis of Drug-Susceptible and Multidrug-Resistant Cases of Tuberculosis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2020–2023

Author

Ruan Spies, Hanh N. Hong, Phu P. Trieu, Luong K. Lan, Kim Lan, N.N. Hue, Nguyen T.L. Huong, Tran T.L.N. Thao, Nguyen L. Quang, Thu D.D. Anh, Truong V. Vinh, Dang T.M. Ha, Phan T. Dat, Nguyen P. Hai, Le H. Van, Guy E. Thwaites, Nguyen T.T. Thuong, James A. Watson, and Timothy M. Walker

Subjects
tuberculosis, TB, tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, bacteria, respiratory infections, spatial analysis, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We characterized the spatial distribution of drug-susceptible (DS) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) cases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, a major metropolis in southeastern Asia, and explored demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with local TB burden. Hot spots of DS and MDR TB incidence were observed in the central parts of Ho Chi Minh City, and substantial heterogeneity was observed across wards. Positive spatial autocorrelation was observed for both DS TB and MDR TB. Ward-level TB incidence was associated with HIV prevalence and the male proportion of the population. No ward-level demographic and socioeconomic indicators were associated with MDR TB case count relative to total TB case count. Our findings might inform spatially targeted TB control strategies and provide insights for generating hypotheses about the nature of the relationship between DS and MDR TB in Ho Chi Minh City and the wider southeastern region of Asia.

Published
2024
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5. Monkeypox Virus Infection in 2 Female Travelers Returning to Vietnam from Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2022

Author

Dung, Nguyen Thanh, Hung, Le Manh, Hoa, Huynh Thi Thuy, Nga, Le Hong, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Thuong, Tang Chi, Ngoc, Nghiem My, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Quy, Vo Truong, Thoa, Vu Thi Kim, Thanh, Nguyen Thi, Tho, Phan Vinh, Toan, Le Mau, Quang, Vo Minh, Man, Dinh Nguyen Huy, Phat, Nguyen Tan, Phuong, Tran Thi Lan, Tam, Tran Thi Thanh, Thoa, Pham Thi Ngoc, Tam, Nguyen Hong, Lan, Truong Thi Thanh, Thanh, Tran Tan, Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian, Khanh, Le Thuy Thuy, Yen, Lam Minh, Hung, Nguyen Huu, Thwaites, Guy, Tung, Nguyen Le Nhu, Thwaites, Louise, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Anh, Nguyen To, and Van Tan, Le

Subjects
Human monkeypox -- Case studies, Travelers -- Case studies, Disease transmission -- Case studies, Health
Abstract

By January 12, 2023, more than 84,500 mpox cases and 80 deaths had been reported from 110 countries because of an ongoing multicountry outbreak (1). Cases from Europe and Americas [...]

Published
2023
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6. Monkeypox Virus Infection in 2 Female Travelers Returning to Vietnam from Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2022

Author

Nguyen Thanh Dung, Le Manh Hung, Huynh Thi Thuy Hoa, Le Hong Nga, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Tang Chi Thuong, Nghiem My Ngoc, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Vo Truong Quy, Vu Thi Kim Thoa, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Phan Vinh Tho, Le Mau Toan, Vo Minh Quang, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Nguyen Tan Phat, Tran Thi Lan Phuong, Tran Thi Thanh Tam, Phạm Thi Ngoc Thoa, Nguyen Hong Tam, Truong Thi Thanh Lan, Tran Tan Thanh, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Le Thuy Thuy Khanh, Lam Minh Yen, Nguyen Huu Hung, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen Le Nhu Tung, Louise Thwaites, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen To Anh, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
mpox, viruses, zoonoses, sexually transmitted infections, Vietnam, Dubai, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Mpox was diagnosed in 2 women returning to Vietnam from the United Arab Emirates. The monkeypox viruses belonged to an emerging sublineage, A.2.1, distinct from B.1, which is responsible for the ongoing multicountry outbreak. Women could contribute to mpox transmission, and enhanced genomic surveillance is needed to clarify pathogen evolution.

Published
2023
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7. Spatiotemporal Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta Variants during Large Nationwide Outbreak of COVID-19, Vietnam, 2021

Author

Nguyen Thi Tam, Nguyen To Anh, Trinh Son Tung, Pham Ngoc Thach, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Van Dinh Trang, Le Manh Hung, Trinh Cong Dien, Nghiem My Ngoc, Le Van Duyet, Phan Manh Cuong, Hoang Vu Mai Phuong, Pham Quang Thai, Nguyen Le Nhu Tung, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Nguyen Thanh Phong, Vo Minh Quang, Pham Thi Ngoc Thoa, Nguyen Thanh Truong, Tran Nguyen Phuong Thao, Dao Phuong Linh, Ngo Tan Tai, Ho The Bao, Vo Trong Vuong, Huynh Thi Kim Nhung, Phan Nu Dieu Hong, Le Thi Phuoc Hanh, Le Thanh Chung, Nguyen Thi Thanh Nhan, Ton That Thanh, Do Thai Hung, Huynh Kim Mai, Trinh Hoang Long, Nguyen Thu Trang, Nguyen Thi Hong Thuong, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Cao Thu Thuy, Le Kim Thanh, Lam Anh Nguyet, Le Thi Quynh Mai, Tang Chi Thuong, Le Hong Nga, Tran Tan Thanh, Guy Thwaites, H. Rogier van Doorn, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Thomas Kesteman, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
COVID-19, coronavirus disease, SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, coronaviruses, viruses, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We analyzed 1,303 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from Vietnam, and found the Alpha and Delta variants were responsible for a large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19 in 2021. The Delta variant was confined to the AY.57 lineage and caused >1.7 million infections and >32,000 deaths. Viral transmission was strongly affected by nonpharmaceutical interventions.

Published
2023
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8. Neutralizing Antibodies against Enteroviruses in Patients with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Author

Lam Anh Nguyet, Tran Tan Thanh, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Hoang Minh Tu Van, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Nguyen To Anh, Do Duong Kim Han, Ha Manh Tuan, Vu Quang Huy, Ho Lu Viet, Hoang Quoc Cuong, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao, Do Chau Viet, Truong Huu Khanh, Louise Thwaites, Hannah Clapham, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Guy Thwaites, Do Quang Ha, H. Rogier van Doorn, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
hand, foot and mouth disease, enterovirus, enterovirus A71 and neutralization, coxsackievirus, viruses, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an emerging infection with pandemic potential. Knowledge of neutralizing antibody responses among its pathogens is essential to inform vaccine development and epidemiologic research. We used 120 paired-plasma samples collected at enrollment and >7 days after the onset of illness from HFMD patients infected with enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A (CVA) 6, CVA10, and CVA16 to study cross neutralization. For homotypic viruses, seropositivity increased from

Published
2020
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9. Neutralizing Antibodies against Enteroviruses in Patients with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Author

Nguyet, Lam Anh, Thanh, Tran Tan, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Anh, Nguyen To, Han, Do Duong Kim, Tuan, Ha Manh, Huy, Vu Quang, Viet, Ho Lu, Cuong, Hoang Quoc, Thao, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Viet, Do Chau, Khanh, Truong Huu, Thwaites, Louise, Clapham, Hannah, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Thwaites, Guy, Ha, Do Quang, van Doorn, H. Rogier, and Tan, Le Van

Subjects
Vaccines -- Research -- Health aspects, Coxsackievirus infections -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Foot and mouth disease -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Infection -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Antibodies -- Health aspects, Pathogenic microorganisms, Diseases, Health
Abstract

Since 1997, hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has emerged as a serious childhood infection in the Asia-Pacific region (1,2) with the potential of spreading to other parts of the [...]

Published
2020
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10. Long-Term Humoral Immune Response in Persons with Asymptomatic or Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vietnam

Author

Huynh Kim Mai, Nguyen Bao Trieu, Trinh Hoang Long, Hoang Tien Thanh, Nguyen Dinh Luong, Le Xuan Huy, Lam Anh Nguyet, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Danielle E. Anderson, Tran Tan Thanh, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Guy Thwaites, Lin-Fa Wang, Le Van Tan, and Do Thai Hung

Subjects
asymptomatic coronavirus disease, COVID-19, immune response, neutralizing antibodies, respiratory infections, SARS-CoV-2, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Antibody response against nucleocapsid and spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in 11 persons with mild or asymptomatic infection rapidly increased after infection. At weeks 18–30 after diagnosis, all remained seropositive but spike protein–targeting antibody titers declined. These data may be useful for vaccine development.

Published
2021
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11. Superspreading Event of SARS-CoV-2 Infection at a Bar, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Author

Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Nghiem My Ngoc, Tran Tan Thanh, Phan Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Lam Anh Nguyet, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Vu Thi Ty Hang, Nguyen Thanh Phong, Nguyen Thi Hong Que, Pham Thi Tuyen, Tran Nguyen Hoang Tu, Tran Tinh Hien, Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh, Le Manh Hung, Nguyen Thanh Truong, Lam Minh Yen, H. Rogier van Doorn, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen Tri Dung, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
COVID-19, disease cluster, pandemic, reverse transcription PCR, SARS-CoV-2, superspreading, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We report a superspreading event of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection initiated at a bar in Vietnam with evidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission, based on ministry of health reports, patient interviews, and whole-genome sequence analysis. Crowds in enclosed indoor settings with poor ventilation may be considered at high risk for transmission.

Published
2021
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12. Viral Metagenomic Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Acute Central Nervous System Infections of Unknown Origin, Vietnam

Author

Nguyen To Anh, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Tran My Phuc, Pham Thi Thanh Tam, Dang Thao Huong, Tran Tuan Anh, Xutao Deng, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Tran Thua Nguyen, Nguyen Van Hung, Nguyen Dac Thuan, Pham Thi Hong Phuong, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Stephen Baker, Eric Delwart, Guy Thwaites, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
central nervous system infection, viral metagenomics, enterovirus, Vietnam, next-generation sequencing, viruses, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) infection is a serious neurologic condition, although the etiology remains unknown in >50% of patients. We used metagenomic next-generation sequencing to detect viruses in 204 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with acute CNS infection who were enrolled from Vietnam hospitals during 2012–2016. We detected 8 viral species in 107/204 (52.4%) of CSF samples. After virus-specific PCR confirmation, the detection rate was lowered to 30/204 (14.7%). Enteroviruses were the most common viruses detected (n = 23), followed by hepatitis B virus (3), HIV (2), molluscum contagiosum virus (1), and gemycircularvirus (1). Analysis of enterovirus sequences revealed the predominance of echovirus 30 (9). Phylogenetically, the echovirus 30 strains belonged to genogroup V and VIIb. Our results expanded knowledge about the clinical burden of enterovirus in Vietnam and underscore the challenges of identifying a plausible viral pathogen in CSF of patients with CNS infections.

Published
2021
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13. Long-Term Humoral Immune Response in Persons with Asymptomatic or Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vietnam

Author

Mai, Huynh Kim, Trieu, Nguyen Bao, Long, Trinh Hoang, Thanh, Hoang Tien, Luong, Nguyen Dinh, Huy, Le Xuan, Nguyet, Lam Anh, Man, Dinh Nguyen Huy, Anderson, Danielle E., Thanh, Tran Tan, Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen, Thwaites, Guy, Wang, Lin-Fa, Van Tan, Le, and Hung, Do Thai

Subjects
Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Immune response -- Genetic aspects, Viral proteins -- Identification and classification -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic (1). Effective vaccines are vital for mitigating the impact of the pandemic. As [...]

Published
2021
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14. Superspreading Event of SARS-CoV-2 Infection at a Bar, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Author

Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Ngoc, Nghiem My, Thanh, Tran Tan, Khanh, Phan Nguyen Quoc, Nguyet, Lam Anh, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Man, Dinh Nguyen Huy, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, Phong, Nguyen Thanh, Que, Nguyen Thi Hong, Tuyen, Pham Thi, Tu, Tran Nguyen Hoang, Hien, Tran Tinh, Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang, Hung, Le Manh, Truong, Nguyen Thanh, Yen, Lam Minh, van Doorn, H. Rogier, Dung, Nguyen Thanh, Thwaites, Guy, Dung, Nguyen Tri, and Van Tan, Le

Subjects
Disease transmission -- Analysis, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Superspreading events occur when a few persons infect a larger number of secondary persons with whom they have contact (1,2). For severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an [R.sub.0] [...]

Published
2021
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15. Viral Metagenomic Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Acute Central Nervous System Infections of Unknown Origin, Vietnam

Author

Anh, Nguyen To, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Phuc, Tran My, Tam, Pham Thi Thanh, Huong, Dang Thao, Anh, Tran Tuan, Deng, Xutao, Nghia, Ho Dang Trung, Nguyen, Tran Thua, Van Hung, Nguyen, Thuan, Nguyen Dac, Phuong, Pham Thi Hong, Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen, Baker, Stephen, Delwart, Eric, Thwaites, Guy, and Van Tan, Le

Subjects
Genotype -- Identification and classification -- Health aspects, Central nervous system diseases -- Genetic aspects -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Genome-wide association studies -- Methods, Virus diseases -- Genetic aspects -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

Worldwide, the annual incidence of acute encephalitis in nonoutbreak settings during 1983-2000 ranged from 0.07 to 12.6 cases/100,000 population (1). According to the World Health Organization, meningitis caused 379,000 deaths [...]

Published
2021
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16. Enterovirus A71 Phenotypes Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Hoang Minh Tu Van, Nguyen To Anh, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Lam Anh Nguyet, Tran Tan Thanh, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Vu Thi Ty Hang, Truong Huu Khanh, Ho Lu Viet, Do Chau Viet, Ha Manh Tuan, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Du Tuan Quy, Do Quang Ha, Phan Tu Qui, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Louise Thwaites, H. Rogier van Doorn, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
Enterovirus A71, Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease, Picornaviruses, Vietnam, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We investigated enterovirus A71–associated hand, foot and mouth disease in Vietnam and found that, after replacing subgenogroup C4 in 2013, B5 remained the leading cause of this disease. In contrast with previous observations, this switch did not result in an explosive outbreak, and B5 evolution was driven by negative selection.

Published
2019
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17. Enterovirus A71 Phenotypes Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Van, Hoang Minh Tu, Anh, Nguyen To, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Nguyet, Lam Anh, Thanh, Tran Tan, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, Khanh, Truong Huu, Viet, Ho Lu, Viet, Do Chau, Tuan, Ha Manh, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Quy, Du Tuan, Ha, Do Quang, Qui, Phan Tu, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, Thwaites, Guy, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Thwaites, Louise, van Doorn, H. Rogier, and Tan, Le Van

Subjects
Coxsackievirus infections -- Genetic aspects, Foot and mouth disease -- Genetic aspects, Phenotypes, Health
Abstract

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71)-associated hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major problem in Asia. With >1 million cases reported across the region annually, HFMD is attributed to large numbers [...]

Published
2019
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18. Emerging Coxsackievirus A6 Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Nguyen To Anh, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Hoang Minh Tu Van, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Tran Tan Thanh, Vu Thi Ty Hang, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Lam Anh Nguyet, Tran Thi Lan Phuong, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Truong Huu Khanh, Ha Manh Tuan, Ho Lu Viet, Nguyen Tran Nam, Do Chau Viet, Phan Tu Qui, Bridget Wills, Sarawathy Sabanathan, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Louise Thwaites, H. Rogier van Doorn, Guy Thwaites, Maia A. Rabaa, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
Hand foot and mouth disease, Vietnam, deep sequencing, phylogeny, coxsackievirus A6, Asia, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major public health issue in Asia and has global pandemic potential. Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) was detected in 514/2,230 (23%) of HFMD patients admitted to 3 major hospitals in southern Vietnam during 2011–2015. Of these patients, 93 (18%) had severe HFMD. Phylogenetic analysis of 98 genome sequences revealed they belonged to cluster A and had been circulating in Vietnam for 2 years before emergence. CV-A6 movement among localities within Vietnam occurred frequently, whereas viral movement across international borders appeared rare. Skyline plots identified fluctuations in the relative genetic diversity of CV-A6 corresponding to large CV-A6–associated HFMD outbreaks worldwide. These data show that CV-A6 is an emerging pathogen and emphasize the necessity of active surveillance and understanding the mechanisms that shape the pathogen evolution and emergence, which is essential for development and implementation of intervention strategies.

Published
2018
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19. Detection and Characterization of Human Pegivirus 2, Vietnam

Author

Nguyen To Anh, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Tran Tan Thanh, Catherine Anscombe, Le Ngoc Chau, Tran Thi Thanh Thanh, Chuen-Yen Lau, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, H. Rogier van Doorn, Xutao Deng, Motiur Rahman, Eric Delwart, Thuy Le, Guy Thwaites, and Le Van Tan

Subjects
human pegivirus 2, human hepegivirus 1, Vietnam, HCV, HIV, hepatitis and sepsis, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We report human pegivirus 2 (HPgV-2) infection in Vietnam. We detected HPgV-2 in some patients with hepatitis C virus/HIV co-infection but not in patients with HIV or hepatitis A, B, or C virus infection, nor in healthy controls. HPgV-2 strains in Vietnam are phylogenetically related to global strains.

Published
2018
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20. Zoonotic Transmission of mcr-1 Colistin Resistance Gene from Small-Scale Poultry Farms, Vietnam

Author

Nguyen Vinh Trung, Sébastien Matamoros, Juan J. Carrique-Mas, Nguyen Huu Nghia, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Tran Thi Bich Chieu, Ho Huynh Mai, Willemien van Rooijen, James Campbell, Jaap A. Wagenaar, Anita Hardon, Nguyen Thi Nhu Mai, Thai Quoc Hieu, Guy Thwaites, Menno D. de Jong, Constance Schultsz, and Ngo Thi Hoa

Subjects
zoonoses, poultry farms, Vietnam, antibiotic resistance, transmission, E. coli, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We investigated the consequences of colistin use in backyard chicken farms in Vietnam by examining the prevalence of mcr-1 in fecal samples from chickens and humans. Detection of mcr-1–carrying bacteria in chicken samples was associated with colistin use and detection in human samples with exposure to mcr-1–positive chickens.

Published
2017
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21. Dengue-Associated Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, Vietnam

Author

Nguyen Thi Hoang Mai, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Tran My Phuong, Du Trong Duc, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Bridget Wills, Choie Cheio Tchoyoson Lim, Guy Thwaites, Cameron Paul Simmons, and Sophie Yacoub

Subjects
dengue, neurologic, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, PRES, encephalopathy, acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Dengue can cause neurologic complications in addition to the more common manifestations of plasma leakage and coagulopathy. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome has rarely been described in dengue, although the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction likely underlies both. We describe a case of dengue-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and discuss diagnosis and management.

Published
2018
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22. Zoonotic transmission of mcr-1 colistin resistance gene from small-scale poultry farms, Vietnam

Author

Trung, Nguyen Vinh, Matamoros, Sebastien, Carrique-Mas, Juan J., Nghia, Nguyen Huu, Nhung, Nguyen Thi, Chieu, Tran Thi Bich, Mai, Ho Huynh, van Rooijen, Willemien, Campbell, James, Wagenaar, Jaap A., Hardon, Anita, Mai, Nguyen Thi Nhu, Hieu, Thai Quoc, Thwaites, Guy, de Jong, Menno D., Schultsz, Constance, and Hoa, Ngo Thi

Subjects
Colistin -- Patient outcomes, Microbial drug resistance -- Genetic aspects, Medical research, Zoonoses -- Distribution, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Colistin resistance is a gradually emerging problem among gram-negative bacteria in clinical settings in many countries (7). A transferable plasmid-derived colistin resistance gene mcr-1 discovered in China and subsequently found [...]

Published
2017
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23. Neutralizing Antibodies against Enteroviruses in Patients with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Author

Ha Manh Tuan, Louise Thwaites, Lam Anh Nguyet, H. Rogier van Doorn, Tran Tan Thanh, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Nguyen To Anh, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Hoang Quoc Cuong, Hoang Minh Tu Van, Vu Quang Huy, Le Van Tan, Do Chau Viet, Ho Lu Viet, Guy E. Thwaites, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Hannah E. Clapham, Do Duong Kim Han, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Truong Huu Khanh, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Do Quang Ha, Nguyen Thanh Hung, and Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao

Subjects
Male, Epidemiology, foot and mouth disease, Neutralizing Antibodies against Enteroviruses in Patients with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, hand foot and mouth disease, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Neutralization, 0302 clinical medicine, Pandemic, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Neutralizing antibody, Foot-and-mouth disease, biology, enterovirus, enterovirus A71 and neutralization, 3. Good health, enterovirus A71, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Child, Preschool, Female, Antibody, Microbiology (medical), 030231 tropical medicine, Coxsackievirus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, viruses, lcsh:RC109-216, Seroconversion, coxsackievirus, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Viral Vaccines, neutralization, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, HFMD, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Virology, biology.protein, Enterovirus, hand, Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, business
Abstract

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an emerging infection with pandemic potential. Knowledge of neutralizing antibody responses among its pathogens is essential to inform vaccine development and epidemiologic research. We used 120 paired-plasma samples collected at enrollment and >7 days after the onset of illness from HFMD patients infected with enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A (CVA) 6, CVA10, and CVA16 to study cross neutralization. For homotypic viruses, seropositivity increased from

Published
2020

24. Dengue-Associated Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, Vietnam

Author

Mai, Nguyen Thi Hoang, Phu, Nguyen Hoan, Nghia, Ho Dang Trung, Phuong, Tran My, Duc, Du Trong, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Wills, Bridget, Lim, Choie Cheio Tchoyoson, Thwaites, Guy, Simmons, Cameron Paul, and Yacoub, Sophie

Subjects
Encephalopathy -- Diagnosis, Anorexia nervosa -- Care and treatment, Dengue fever -- Complications and side effects, Health
Abstract

On December 20, 2015, a 55-year-old woman in Vietnam sought medical care at her local hospital near Ho Chi Minh City with 1 day of fever, muscle aches, and anorexia. [...]

Published
2018

25. Enterovirus A71 Phenotypes Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Tran Tan Thanh, Louise Thwaites, Nguyen To Anh, Guy E. Thwaites, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Lam Anh Nguyet, Do Quang Ha, Du Tuan Quy, Le Van Tan, Ha Manh Tuan, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Phan Tu Qui, H. Rogier van Doorn, Vu Thi Ty Hang, Ho Lu Viet, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Truong Huu Khanh, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Do Chau Viet, and Hoang Minh Tu Van

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), and Mouth Disease, Epidemiology, Enterovirus A71, 030231 tropical medicine, Picornaviruses, hand foot and mouth disease, lcsh:Medicine, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, viruses, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Enterovirus A71 Phenotypes Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam, Foot-and-mouth disease, business.industry, Foot, lcsh:R, Dispatch, phenotypes, Outbreak, Enterovirus a71, medicine.disease, Hand, Virology, Phenotype, Enterovirus A, Human, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Enterovirus, Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, business
Abstract

We investigated enterovirus A71–associated hand, foot and mouth disease in Vietnam and found that, after replacing subgenogroup C4 in 2013, B5 remained the leading cause of this disease. In contrast with previous observations, this switch did not result in an explosive outbreak, and B5 evolution was driven by negative selection.

Published
2019

26. Diversity of Bartonella spp. in Bats, Southern Vietnam

Author

Pham Hong Anh, Nguyen Van Cuong, Nguyen Truong Son, Ngo Tri Tue, Michael Y. Kosoy, Mark E.J. Woolhouse, Stephen Baker, Juliet E. Bryant, Guy Thwaites, Juan J. Carrique-Mas, and Maia A. Rabaa

Subjects
Bartonella, bacteria, zoonoses, bats, reservoir species, diversity, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published
2015
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27. Emerging Coxsackievirus A6 Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Anh, Nguyen To, primary, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Phuong, Tran Thi Lan, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Nam, Nguyen Tran, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Wills, Bridget, additional, Sabanathan, Sarawathy, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, Rogier van Doorn, H., additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Rabaa, Maia A., additional, and Van Tan, Le, additional

Published
2018
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28. Detection and Characterization of Human Pegivirus 2, Vietnam

Author

H. Rogier van Doorn, Eric Delwart, Motiur Rahman, Tran Thi Thanh Thanh, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Thuy Le, Xutao Deng, Le Ngoc Chau, Nguyen To Anh, Catherine Anscombe, Guy E. Thwaites, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Le Van Tan, Chuen-Yen Lau, Tran Tan Thanh, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, and Nguyen Van Vinh Chau

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Prevalence, Phylogeny, biology, Coinfection, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Dispatch, Hepatitis A, virus diseases, Hepatitis C, Flaviviridae Infections, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Community-Acquired Infections, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, HCV, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Hepatitis C virus, Detection and Characterization of Human Pegivirus 2, Vietnam, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Flaviviridae, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, Demography, hepatitis and sepsis, lcsh:R, HIV, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 030104 developmental biology, human pegivirus 2, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, human hepegivirus 1
Abstract

We report human pegivirus 2 (HPgV-2) infection in Vietnam. We detected HPgV-2 in some patients with hepatitis C virus/HIV co-infection but not in patients with HIV or hepatitis A, B, or C virus infection, nor in healthy controls. HPgV-2 strains in Vietnam are phylogenetically related to global strains.

Published
2018

29. Diversity of Bartonella spp. in bats, southern Vietnam

Author

Anh, Pham Hong, Van Cuong, Nguyen, Son, Nguyen Truong, Tue, Ngo Tri, Kosoy, Michael, Woolhouse, Mark E.J., Baker, Stephen, Bryant, Juliet E., Thwaites, Guy, Carrique-Mas, Juan J., and Rabaa, Maia A.

Subjects
Bats (Animals) -- Physiological aspects, Bartonella -- Distribution, Host-parasite relationships -- Research, Medical research, Health
Abstract

To the Editor: To investigate bats as potential reservoirs for Bartonella spp. in Vietnam, we screened a range of bat species to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella [...]

Published
2015

30. Zoonotic Transmission ofmcr-1Colistin Resistance Gene from Small-Scale Poultry Farms, Vietnam

Author

Trung, Nguyen Vinh, primary, Matamoros, Sébastien, additional, Carrique-Mas, Juan J., additional, Nghia, Nguyen Huu, additional, Nhung, Nguyen Thi, additional, Chieu, Tran Thi Bich, additional, Mai, Ho Huynh, additional, van Rooijen, Willemien, additional, Campbell, James, additional, Wagenaar, Jaap A., additional, Hardon, Anita, additional, Mai, Nguyen Thi Nhu, additional, Hieu, Thai Quoc, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, de Jong, Menno D., additional, Schultsz, Constance, additional, and Hoa, Ngo Thi, additional

Published
2017
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31. Diversity of Bartonella spp. in Bats, Southern Vietnam

Author

Juliet E. Bryant, Maia A. Rabaa, Pham Hong Anh, Juan Carrique-Mas, Guy E. Thwaites, Stephen Baker, Michael Kosoy, Mark E. J. Woolhouse, Nguyen Truong Son, Nguyen Van Cuong, and Ngo Tri Tue

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Bartonella, Disease reservoir, Rhinolophus, Letter, Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, bats, lcsh:Medicine, Zoology, Citrate (si)-Synthase, Hipposideros, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Phylogenetics, Bartonella Infections, Chiroptera, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, Letters to the Editor, bacteria, 030304 developmental biology, Disease Reservoirs, 0303 health sciences, biology, Megaderma, 030306 microbiology, lcsh:R, Diversity of Bartonella spp. in Bats, Southern Vietnam, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, zoonoses, Molecular Typing, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Genes, Bacterial, Megaerops, reservoir species, Bartonella Infection
Abstract

To the Editor: To investigate bats as potential reservoirs for Bartonella spp. in Vietnam, we screened a range of bat species to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in bat populations in southern Vietnam. In a study of bat biodiversity in southern Vietnam, 60 bats were trapped at 6 sites in Dong Nai Culture and Nature Reserve and Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam, in May 2013. Bats were trapped by using mist nets and harp traps set at ground level, and were euthanized by using isoflurane (http://www.avma.org/KB/Policies/Documents/euthanasia.pdf) for cataloguing at the Vietnam Academy of Sciences and Technology, Hanoi. Blood specimens were collected by cardiac puncture, and external measurements were recorded. Bats were speciated according to morphology (1,2); trapped bats represented 10 species belonging to 5 genera. All species have been given a conservation status of least concern (http://www.iucnredlist.org/). Total nucleic acid was extracted from blood samples by using the MagNApure automated nucleic acid extraction system (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). Extracted nucleic acid was subjected to conventional PCR to detect Bartonella spp. DNA by using primers specific for the citrate synthase A gene (3). A positive PCR result was determined by amplification of a 729-bp fragment. Twenty-one (35.0%) of 60 bat blood specimens had a result consistent with presence of Bartonella spp. (Table). Among insectivorous or carnivorous bats, Bartonella prevalence was 20 (45.5%) of 44 compared with 1 (6.2%) of 16 fruit-eating bats (χ2 = 6.3, p = 0.01). The prevalence of Bartonella spp. did not differ between sampling locations (Table) or by estimated age of the bat (determined by deviation above or below the median tibial length of each species); prevalence was 33.3% (9/27) in younger bats and 36.4% (12/33) in older bats. Table Prevalence of Bartonella spp. in bats from 2 sites in Dong Nai, Vietnam, 2013 DNA sequences from the 21 PCR citrate synthase A gene amplicons (GenBank accession nos. {"type":"entrez-nucleotide-range","attrs":{"text":"KP100340-KP100360","start_term":"KP100340","end_term":"KP100360","start_term_id":"766544325","end_term_id":"766544365"}}KP100340-KP100360) were subjected to BLAST analysis (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi) to assess sequence similarity. Potentially novel Bartonella phylogroups were identified as having 80% support. Taxa names for sequences determined in this study are indicated in bold italics, phylogroups are indicated in parentheses (I–X), and bat species are indicated after phylogroups. Click here to view.(202K, pdf)

Published
2015

32. Diversity ofBartonellaspp. in Bats, Southern Vietnam

Author

Anh, Pham Hong, primary, Van Cuong, Nguyen, additional, Son, Nguyen Truong, additional, Tue, Ngo Tri, additional, Kosoy, Michael, additional, Woolhouse, Mark E.J., additional, Baker, Stephen, additional, Bryant, Juliet E., additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Carrique-Mas, Juan J., additional, and Rabaa, Maia A., additional

Published
2015
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