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Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPEs) pose a considerable threat to public health because of antimicrobial resistance. In France, the most prevalent carbapenemases are OXA-48-like type. More than 55 variants of OXA-48-like enzymes [...]

Elizabethkingia spp. are widely distributed environmental bacteria and opportunistic pathogens that can cause sepsis and meningitis, particularly in neonates (2,2). At least 3 phenotypically similar species (E. anophelis, E. meningoseptica, [...]

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Because most infections are asymptomatic, sexual transmission generally occurs without notification. This aspect of transmission creates a risk [...]

Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are causes of foodborne enteric infection worldwide (1). Campylobacter spp. are among the most frequent pathogens identified in diarrheal samples from persons in Africa, particularly [...]

H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage have diversified into multiple clades, threatening wild birds and poultry worldwide. Clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIVs have been consistently isolated in [...]

Septic transfusion reactions (STRs) from bacterial contamination of platelets are a persistent cause of transfusion-associated deaths. Bacterial risk mitigation strategies are aimed at collection mitigations (e.g., taking donor's temperature, asking [...]

Vibrio mimicus bacteria are native to aquatic environments but have the potential to cause diseases in animals and humans, such as gastroenteritis and cholera-like diarrhea (1). In Vibrio cholera bacteria, [...]

Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-producing Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA) is typically associated with skin and soft tissue infections, such as abscesses (1). Transmission occurs between persons in close contact, often causing clusters of [...]

Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a severe foodborne infection that causes high hospitalization and mortality rates in at-risk populations, including older adults, immunocompromised persons, pregnant women, [...]

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common etiologic agent of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among children. Although M. pneumoniae infection often causes a mild and self-limiting disease, pneumonia develops in [approximately equal to] [...]

Neisseria meningitidis colonizes the pharynx of humans and is responsible for severe invasive meningococcal diseases (IMD), such as septicemia and meningitis; case-fatality rate for IMD is [approximately equal to]11% (1). [...]

Cholera is an acute life-threatening diarrheal disease responsible for [approximately equal to]4.3 million cases and 142,000 deaths annually worldwide (1). Excluding epidemic peaks in Haiti and Yemen (2,3), most cases [...]

Cholera remains an ongoing public health threat on the continent of Africa, especially in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), which in 2020 reported the largest number of cases [...]

Bartonella, the causative agent of bartonellosis, is a genus of gram-negative bacteria. Bartonellosis causes a range of symptoms from severe to life-threatening (e.g., endocarditis and meningitis). Clinical syndromes from Bartonella [...]

Gonorrhea, caused by infection with the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is the second most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) globally (1,2). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 2016, [...]

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) clonal complex (CC) 271 consists of broadly distributed, antimicrobial drug-resistant pneumococcal strains of serotypes 19F and 19A, first recorded in serotype 19F strains from 1992 (https://pubmlst.org). Two [...]

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis (1). B. pseudomallei is endemic to tropical regions around the world (1), but its environmental distribution in [...]

Opportunistic fungal infections, such as those caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, are common causes of death and illness among persons with compromised immune systems. C. gattii is a related fungus that [...]

Amdoparvoviruses, members of the autonomous parvoviruses, belong to the genus family Parvovirdae, subfamily Parvovirinae, genus Amdoparvovirus (1). Only 2 distant species have been reported: Carnivore amdoparvovirus 1, which comprises only [...]

The genus Mycobacterium contains >100 species. Except for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and M. leprae, which are parasitic bacteria, mycobacteria are considered saprophytic and found in soil, water, and sediments. [...]

Peste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious and devastating viral disease of small ruminants that is endemic to much of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia (1,2). The causative [...]

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), such as meningitis, sepsis, and empyema, substantially contributes to illness and death in children (1,2). After increasing numbers of cases caused by penicillin (PEN)-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae [...]

To the Editor: Melioidosis is increasingly being recognized in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide; the world's 2 major endemic foci are Thailand and northern Australia (1,2). Phylogenetic analyses of Burkholderia [...]

To the Editor: The emergence and rapid worldwide dissemination of carbapenemase-producing bacteria (CPB), especially carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), have prompted public health authorities to reconsider prevention strategies to control the spread [...]

To the Editor: Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae can occur through the production of carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes such as New Delhi metallo-[beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) (1). In recent years, plasmid-mediated NDM-1 has spread rapidly [...]

To the Editor: Prokaryotes typically have a single circular chromosome. However, some bacteria have >1 chromosome. Vibrio bacteria, for example, have 2 circular chromosomes: 1 (Ch1) and 2 (Ch2) (1-3). [...]

To the Editor: In December 2013, an unidentified disease in domestic mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) occurred in Guangxi Province, China. Rates of illness in adult male and female ducks were [...]

To the Editor: Carbapenem antimicrobial drugs are the line of defense against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. The global emergence of carbapenemase-producing organisms is a public health emergency because these enzymes [...]

To the Editor: We noted the report by Chowdhary et al. (1) and report Candida auris as a causative agent of candidemia in South Africa, with an estimated prevalence of [...]