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The characterisation of surface roughness is important in process control and metrology. A simple, low cost sensor which can be used for this measurement is one based on laser optical feedback interferometry. A target containing samples of similar abrasive paper with different levels of roughness was characterised using a sensor based on this technique, and the resulting measurements show that the standard deviation of the optical feedback signal was proportional to the roughness of the surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) based on micro‐fibre of polyvinylidene fluoride (micro‐fibre polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)). Flexible nanogenerator was developed by addition nanoparticle composition. This PENG fabricated using micro‐fibre PVDF/BaTiO3, which was deposited on paper interdigitate substrate by wire electrode free surface electrospinning method. The device from micro‐fibre PVDF performed open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current of 13 mV and 380 nA recently. The device from composite material addition value of open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current of 528 mV and 661 nA recently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method of actuating liquid metal using capillary action via paper media is presented. This actuation method uses no electrical power and is capable of moving a liquid‐metal slug up to 3 mm/s. A microstrip transmission line switch was fabricated to demonstrate this new actuation method. This switch has >40 dB isolation and <2 dB insertion loss across a 5‐GHz span. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]