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There is now great interest in optical memory using a three-level atom embedded in photonic crystals, which can be used for quantum computing; however, quantum-information detection from the optical memory has not been demonstrated. In this paper, first, considering the relative position of the photonic band gap (PBG) and two atomic levels split from the upper level of the atom used for the optical memory, we demonstrate that one of the split levels must be outside the PBG for quantum-information detection. In this case, the quantum state of the atom can be changed by moving the other split level, where the quantum information is maintained or emitted for the cases in which the split level is inside or outside the PBG, respectively. The emitted quantum information can be measured as spontaneous emissions by a photon detector. Next, we propose two methods of moving the split level: one is realized by applying a direct current (DC) field to the atom and the other is realized by changing the intensity of the control laser field. Furthermore, by evaluating the intensities of the DC and the control laser fields, we find that the quantum information can be measured using the fields on the millielectronvolt order. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 87(8): 10–19, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.10205 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D photonic crystals can produce a number of fascinating optical devices utilizing the band gap, the dispersive passband, and unisotropic band structure. We previously proposed a process for fabricating a 3D periodic nanostructure which can behave as photonic crystals. The key technique in the process is the deposition of a multilayer by bias sputtering replicating periodically a corrugated layer pattern, which is named the autocloning effect. This paper reviews our recent works on 3D photonic crystals: the mechanism of the autocloning effect, propagation analysis in the 3D photonic crystal by an FDTD method, and applications such as plane-normal waveguides or wavelength-selective filters. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 82(9): 43–52, 1999 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]