Search

The article reports that Atheros Communications Inc. in San Jose, California will try to drive 802.11n into mainstream wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) markets with a new line of chips using a streamlined version of the specification. Only a single antenna is being used by the Atheros Align in order to target 802.11g price points.

The article presents information on Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), digital signal processors which provide easy-to-install, robust, high-quality audio distribution systems for high-end audiophiles. Prophet Systems is one company that has provided automation tools to the broadcast industry.

This article informs that six years after the emergence of the IEEE 802.11b/a standard, wireless and wired carriers and operators alike are moving en masse toward converged services over cellular and Wi-Fi networks. A few prescient carriers, such as Telia-Sonera in Norway, dove head-first into Wi-Fi technology early on and today lead the pack in terms of integrated services in northern Europe. More immediately, however, wireless carriers just want to perform triage on their hemorrhaging average return per user while also reducing network overhead, and converged networks might be the ticket. Pekka Piirola, director of convergence, network business, for Nokia Corp., said that they think the convergence of services and networks will be a radical change in the marketplace.

Presents the power supply design for power-over-Ethernet (POE) applications. Significance of POE as a tool for entertainment and communication; Details of the IEEE 802.3af specification; Design and topological considerations for POE power supplies; POE power supply architecture.

Presents opinions on technologies that are being used. Internet protocol cores; Categories of technologies based on their broad usage; Primary designs and development skills needed in engineering.

Focuses on the importance of a dedicated hardware in Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR). Important features of an ideal packet-forwarding solution; Disadvantages of software methods; Algorithm developed for solving the CIDR IPv4 forwarding problem.

Focuses on the potential application of Internet Protocol (IP) switching in wireless communication networks. Cost of packet-switch routers; Benefits of operating a single IP network; Wireless standards organizations that initiated an IP-based architecture.

Focuses on the application of Ethernet and Internet Protocol (IP) to simplify the connectivity of factory automation devices. Bus technologies developed by industry leaders; Advances in Ethernet technologies; Advantages of Ethernet and IP.

Discusses the challenge faced in providing quality of service (QoS) in Internet Protocol (IP) infrastructure. QoS models that can be considered for deployment; Functions of integrated services (IntServ); Definition of differentiated services (DiffServ). INSETS: Voice-over-IP sets the pace for ensuring QoS-over-IP;Premium IP has perks.

Discusses the significance and functions of network interface cards in a computer networking environment. Details on the Ethernet network protocol that is supported by NIC; Information on the use of small computer system interface (SCSI); Introduction of Fibre Channel (FC), which replaces the parallel copper-based physical transport.

Part 7. Focuses on the occurrence of standardization in embedded microcontrollers as manufacturers shift to the use of higher-bandwidth versions of controller-area-network (CAN) protocols. Disagreement about the best way to support higher-bandwidth protocols; Home-automation and consumer electronics; Use of control-oriented networks for diagnostics; Use of embedded microcontrollers in distributed-control applications.

Part III. Discusses the growth of network management beyond the simple network-management protocol (SNMP). Use of SNMP as a network-management platform to manage local and wide area networks (LANs/WANs); Split of software platforms into two camps; Growing for dedicated systems; Repositioning efforts of vendors to provide network management; SNMP's family tree. INSETS: Network design and simulation: The devil's in the details.;TMN pyramid model seen as chaotic..

Focuses on the agreement by LAN- and WAN-hardware designers on Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switching and reports that everyone is now settling into a common design methodology of conducting all communications through some form of packetization. The new semiconductor switching designs that are due for arrival by summer 1995; The ATM Forum; Isochronous Ethernet (IsoNet). INSET: Circuits to packets: Why the switch?.

Reports that a variety of technologies developed originally for the integration of the desktop computer into the World Wide Web is moving into a number of embedded designs. Reasons for the proliferations of the embedded servelets; Remarks from Vaughn Orchard, marketing manager at Tasking Incorporated; Reasons for using standardized Web and Internet protocols for applications.

Details the developments made by companies and organization on Internet Protocol (IP) for network management. Alternative products developed by computer companies for Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP); Problems encountered by users of IP version 4; Solutions on the IP-only routing.

The article discusses the importance of product standardization to ease development of wireless networking. It states that the combination of wireless communications and low-power sensor networks will improve environmental controls, health and safety devices, and automotive and security applications. The need for industry standards create protocols in market acceptance, interoperability, lower cost and silicon business model.

The article explores the leading technologies used in solving the processing challenges of radio frequency (RF) measurements. Using measurement algorithms that are implemented in software, it notes that RF front end can be reconfigured to perform different types of measurements. It also believes that field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are made with inherently parallel processing potentials, making it suitable for analyzing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals.

The article focuses on the increasing market for body-personal area networks (PANs). According to the author, the market for body-PAN had increased because of the fitness segment, health-care component and the medical applications. Furthermore, he cited the applications and protocols for body PANs. Other information related to body-PAN are also mentioned.

The article informs that Synaptics Inc. has replaced a set of mechanical buttons with a capacitive sensor in the Samsung SPH-V6800 Wi-Fi enabled GSM camera phone. Synaptics Inc., with the help of capacitive sensors, has simplified the user interface and has made it easier to access all those features.

The article reports on the availability and delivery of the Austin, Texas-based Bandspeed Inc.'s Air-Maestro platform to an unnamed list of original equipment manufacturers building Wi-Fi access-point systems. Bandspeed is targeting the small- and medium-enterprise market, which analysts say is likely to nearly triple by 2010.

The article reports on the development of the 802.16d version of the Worldwide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMax) by the system-on-chip company TeleCIS Wireless Inc. in the U.S. TeleCIS gained multiple-antenna experience in designing Wireless Fidelity intellectual property modules, it is sampling its first dedicated WiMax single-chip baseband device.

The article presents information on the third-generation (3G) mobile handsets. Today's mobile-handset designer must consider several factors to effectively optimize battery power so as to maximize and extend battery life. As a consequence, battery management, power conversion and system management must be addressed by a combination of highly integrated power-management units and high-performing discrete components. Today's 3G multifunction phones support several air interfaces and offer multiband modem connectivity, such as global system for mobile communications and wideband code division multiple access. Additional connections can be made through Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, infrared and USB interfaces.

The article focuses on semiconductor Internet Protocol (IP). Simple arithmetic can show the necessity for intellectual-property reuse in system-level chip design. Unless substantial portions of the chip are reused from previous designs or licensed from third parties, either the design team will grow to the Intelesque scale or the schedule will span a geological time frame. But arithmetic doesn't capture the enormity of finding, qualifying and reusing IP. Colin Harris, vice president of worldwide operations at PMC-Sierra Inc., said his organization has made a policy of acquiring IP for supposedly stable blocks, such as standard interfaces, where PMC's engineers could add little customer-visible value and where one would think IP quality should be reasonable. One of the most formidable undertakings for any SoC design team today is the identification, evaluation and selection of IP. The process in dealing with this risk often involves market searches, checklists, interviews and internal evaluations. One help in this area are IP exchanges, such as www.us.design-reuse.com, partially owned by CMP Media LLC.

Interviews Van Jacobson, chief scientist of Packet Design Inc., about his contributions to the improvement of transfer control protocol/Internet protocol in the U.S. Previous employment related to network control protocol; Comment of Jacobson regarding the importance of Internet protocol in virtual networks; Awards and honors received.

Describes the installation, deployment and performance of the Wi-Fi Webcam, developed and invented by Joe Mastroianni, in rarfield polar atmosphere in Antarctica. Results on the testing of the system in the 9th degree temperature; Use of an 11-db Yagi antenna and a 1-W amplifier for the penguin cam; Effects on the use of the underwater camera; Installation of the Freewave 900-MHz system.

Discusses electronic architecture options for convergent devices. Provision of private secure storage and always-on Internet service; Use of streaming data over ultrawide-band and natural language processing; Complex reuse of silicon.

Focuses on the proliferation of connected systems. Cost savings in terms of time efficiencies and additional features; Verification and testing of networking codes; Compliance of the computer software with the networking protocol specifications.

Reports that the rise of the Internet protocol-based network presents a programming challenge for developers designing embedded systems or integrating devices with applications. Most effective way to eliminate the variation and complexity of integration; Several considerations when connecting devices to the network; Need for the creation of a framework for device communications and management once devices have been connected to the network.

Discusses the use of a modular framework for compiling and assembling software code for reconfigurable Internet Protocol cores. Changes that core designs should handle; Characteristics needed for a system-on-chip framework; Influence of reconfigurability in the software debugger.

Reports on the proliferation of failure modes being observed in very deep-submicron processes on system-on-Chip (SoC) testing. Problems created by the growing attempts to reuse Internet Protocol; Manifestations of problems with subwavelength lithography and aggressive geometries; Example of SoC testing problems experienced by automobile manufacturers.

Reports on the development of a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) for Internet Protocol-based quality of service. Definition of MPLS; Functions of Constraint-Based Routing Label Distribution Protocol and Reservation Protocol; Features of the Internet Protocol version 6.

Reports on the growing strain being put on the Internet Protocol packet-processing approach on the Internet. Security concerns over the Internet; Important features of a router; Challenges in maintaining wireline speed.

Reports on the popularity of Internet Protocol (IP) virtual private networks in transmitting data securely. Benefits of using IP; Tunneling protocols for IP VPN; Application of the customer-premises-equipment-based VPN switches.

Reports on the importance of the integration of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and Internet Protocol (IP) optical networks. Separate technologies used in ATM and IP; Application of the multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) for ATM and IP integration; Encapsulation modes defined in ATM/MPLS mediation.

Reports on the challenges faced by the multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and generalized MPLS in optical networks. Data-forwarding behavior in MPLS; Algorithms used in MPLS/GMPLS architecture; Issues and trade-offs to be considered in selecting a protocol to carry multicast traffic in an MPLS network.

Reports on the application of Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Web protocols on network management system. Purpose of developing the SNMP standard; Drawbacks to SNMP; Application of Web protocols as alternative to SNMP.

Offers a look at the hindrances and obstacles in the efficiency of the wireless Internet. Envisioned function of the Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; Performance differences between wireless and wireline physical channels; Fundamental matters that affect the performance of data networking system in a mobile environment.

Describes how Natural MicroSystems designed Internet Protocol (IP) gateways with the PCI local bus concept. Functions of an IP telephony gateway; Features of boards the company designed in 1997; Details on the CG 6000C project.

Deals with the status of telecommunications as of August 2000. Disadvantage brought about by the proliferation and emergence of new network protocols; Problems of the circuit-switched industry; Advantage and disadvantage of spreading proxy servers more widely throughout the network.

Focuses on the creation of an Internet Protocol-based mobile data network using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technology at Lucent Technologies' Bell Labs, by Flarion Technologies Inc. Brief information on Flarion; Importance of using the Flash OFDM technology; Expectations of the company.

Deals with the two-way Internet Protocol data services provided by cable network through infrastructure upgrades to the hybrid fiber coax (HFC) distribution network. Framework of HFC plants; Example allocation of the downstream radio frequency spectrum; How digital video services are delivered.

Reports on the move of original equipment manufacturers (OEM) to integrate Internet Protocol and optical communication. Broadband switching architecture to be unveiled by Tenor Networks Inc.; Creation of the Optical Domain Service Interconnect coalition; Members of the coalition.

Reports on the plans of several router companies to deliver programmable platforms and tools for Internet Protocol networks. Effects on switch makers; Information on the architectures unveiled by Shasta Networks Inc. and Abatis Systems Corp.

Provides information on the developments in voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) in 1998. Information on H.323 standard from the International Telecommunications Union (UTI); Purpose of designing H.323; Its features.

The article focuses on the trends caused by the emergence of multicore system-on-chip (SoC) devices on the industry, which brought changes to chip-to-chip and board-to-board interconnection requirements. An overview of interconnect protocols and the effects of integrated technology on processor performance and dynamic power is offered. It also tackles quality-of-service (QoS) issues related to embed systems such as multiple concurrent streams and flow control mechanisms over the Ethernet.

The article provides information about amplitude shift-keying (ASK) and on-off keying (OOK) modulation. One implementation of OOK and ASK is discussed. It also discusses some common uses of ASK and OOK. It mentions that various wireless technologies including Bluetooth, ZigBee and Wi-Fi have made headway in today's consumer world.

The article focuses on the main processor buses that are used by systems on a chip (SOC) designers for sophisticated transaction protocols and arbitration mechanisms which are capable for the complexity of design. It says that the protocols and arbitration mechanisms need muticycle bus transactions in order to slow the performance of the system. It also presents several examples of buses along with their cycle count in order to fully understand its performance.

The article offers information on the new start-up of Wi-Fi by Intel Corp. The new program connects in a broad range of peripherals, ranging from computer mice to cellular headsets and MP3 players. Startup Ozmo Inc. will unveil a chip and software which will offer wireless peripherals more bandwidth and battery life.

The article presents information on a networking standard, Media Oriented Systems Transport (Most), which enables the seamless transport of digital audio, video and packet-based data, along with real-time control information within a vehicle. The network interface is greatly simplified by the latest Most integrated circuits by integrating all low-level, real-time network operations.

The article reports on advancements in the Media Oriented Systems Transport 150 (Most150) computer network protocol. Most150 enables the transmission of digital audio, digital video, and control information between networked devices inside automobiles. Enhancements include the Intelligent Network Interface Controller (INIC) architecture, bandwidth increase, and robustness.