1. Realistic choice-based decision-making mechanism in electric vehicles and secure energy transaction using ethereum blockchain.
- Author
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Ramasamy, Saravanakumar, Ganesan, Koperundevi, and Koodalsamy, Banumalar
- Subjects
METAHEURISTIC algorithms ,ENERGY consumption ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,ELECTRIC vehicles ,BLOCKCHAINS ,TRANSACTION costs ,HYBRID electric vehicles - Abstract
Hybridizing renewable energy sources with electric vehicles is more important to maintain a clean and emission-less environment. Electric vehicles (EVs) are incorporated into the curtailed incentive-based demand response program (CIBDR) and microgrid system to minimize thermal and transaction costs. In this study, a novel choice-based decision-making mechanism (CBDMM) is proposed. In CBDMM, charging and discharging of EVs power are generated based on the availability of renewable, pricing and state of charge. The objective of the proposed work is to minimize the grid burden by minimizing the thermal, transaction cost and maximizing the customer benefits. To test the effectiveness of the proposed work, three case studies (three, six, and ten units) are considered. A modified whale optimization algorithm (MWOA) is proposed to satisfy the power balance constraints. When incorporating electric vehicles into the system, thermal and transaction cost is reduced by 2.108% and 13.5%, respectively. At the same customer, incentives are increased to 2.49%, and objectives are satisfied. Scheduling interval is used over a 24-h period. Ethereum and ganache used to write the smart contract and validate the transaction, respectively. Metamask is used to verify and view the status of complete transaction. The energy transaction between EVs and the grid is achieved using blockchain technology by hashing mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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