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Abstract: This paper presents a variable scaling hybrid differential evolution (VSHDE) for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in large-scale systems. Different from the hybrid differential evolution (HDE), the concept of a variable scaling factor is used in the VSHDE method. The variable scaling factor based on 1/5 success rule of evolution strategies (ESs) is used to overcome the drawback of the fixed and random scaling factor used in the HDE method. One 15-unit system from the literature and one practical economic dispatch system of Taiwan power company (TPC) are used to compare the performance of the proposed method with HDE, genetic algorithms (GAs) and simulated annealing (SA). Numerical results show that the performance of the proposed method is better than the other methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]